Science 8 Quarter 3 Module 1: The Particle Nature of Matter • DepEd Tambayan

This is the Grade 8 Science self-learning module for Quarter 3, Module 1: The Particle Nature of Matter. It was developed by DepEd Caraga Region (First Edition, 2020) for learners studying at home or in class. After working through it, learners should be able to describe matter as made of tiny particles and use that idea to explain why solids, liquids, and gases behave differently.

The module notes that this topic shifts learners from the large-scale (macroscopic) view of materials used from Grade 3 to Grade 7 to a sub-microscopic view of matter.

What learners will learn

The module states that after going through it, learners are expected to:

Describe the particle nature of matter.
Explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases based on the particle nature of matter.

These match the MELC for Weeks 1 to 2, competency code S8MT-IIIa-b-8.

Lessons in this module

The module has one lesson:

Lesson 1: The Particle Nature of Matter. Learners first sort everyday samples into matter and non-matter. They then study how particles are arranged and how they move in solids, liquids, and gases.

SCI8-Q3-MODULE1

What is matter?

The module defines matter as anything that occupies space and has mass. It uses familiar examples:

Matter: leaves, a human heart, toys, flour, smoke, and the air inside a ball. All of these take up space and have mass.
Not matter: light and sound. They do not occupy space and have no mass.

Matter is made of tiny particles. How these particles are arranged depends on the state of the matter, and that arrangement gives each state its own properties.

Solids, liquids, and gases at the particle level

The module describes three states of matter. This table sums up its explanation.

	Solid	Liquid	Gas
Shape	Definite	Takes the shape of the container	Takes the shape of the container
Volume	Definite	Definite	Takes the volume of the container
Particle arrangement	Closely packed in a fixed position	Near each other, with some space	Far from each other
Particle movement	Vibrate in place	Flow easily	Move from place to place in any direction, faster than liquid particles
Attractive force	Strong	Less	Weak
Compression	Difficult to compress	Can be compressed a little	Compressed easily

The module’s examples help connect the ideas to daily life:

An ice cube and a book are solids. Their particles are closely packed and held by strong attractive forces.
Juice, raindrops, and a chocolate drink are liquids. Their particles move freely and are held by less attractive force.
Air in a balloon, perfume in the air, and steam from cooking rice are gases. Their particles are far apart and fill the whole space available.

One activity compares the states to Grade 8 students. Students seated in rows during a lecture are like a solid. Students moving around a room during a 10-minute break are like a liquid. Students hurrying out to their next class are like a gas.

A common mistake that the module tests is the idea that the space between particles is filled with air. It is not. This statement is the false answer in the assessment.

How to use this module

The module follows the usual self-learning module parts:

What I Know: a 15-item pretest to check what you already know.
Activity 1 (Which is matter? Which is not?): decide whether samples have mass, occupy space, and are matter.
Activity 2 (Are the particles of matter moving?): study particle diagrams of a solid, liquid, and gas, and infer how each moves.
What is It: read the explanation of the three states.
Activities 3 to 5 (Select My Box!, Pinpoint!, Match Me!): practice matching samples and properties to each state.
What I Have Learned: a fill-in-the-blank summary.
What I Can Do: give examples of how ice, water, and water vapor are used in daily life. This task is scored with a rubric from 0 to 3.
Assessment: a 15-item post-test.
Additional Activities: group ten materials, such as vinegar, copper wire, and hydrogen gas, into solids, liquids, and gases.

For learners: Write all answers on a separate sheet of paper, and do not mark the module. Use the answer key only to check your work after you answer, and be honest with yourself.

For parents: Help your child read the directions carefully, and encourage them to try each activity before looking at the answer key.

For teachers: The answer key at the back covers the pretest, the activities, the summary, the assessment, and the additional activities. It also gives sample answers for What I Can Do, such as boiling water, making ice candy, and drying wet clothes.

Frequently asked questions

What grade and quarter is this module for?

It is for Grade 8 Science, Quarter 3. It is Module 1 and covers the MELC for Weeks 1 to 2 (S8MT-IIIa-b-8).

Does the module have an answer key?

Yes. The answer key at the back covers the pretest, the activities, the What I Have Learned summary, the assessment, and the additional activities.

What is matter according to the module?

Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. Air, smoke, flour, and leaves are matter, while light and sound are not.

Which state of matter has the strongest attraction between particles?

Solids. Their particles are closely packed in a fixed position, vibrate in place, and are held together by strong attractive forces.

Why does a liquid have a definite volume but no definite shape?

Its particles are close together but free to move and flow, held by less attractive force than in solids. So a liquid keeps its volume but takes the shape of its container.

Full text of the module

The text below is a transcription of the PDF above, as printed.

Science Quarter 3 – Module 1: The Particle Nature of Matter

[illustration: students studying outdoors and at home, with a teacher, a student with a globe, and a student reading by a lamp]

ALTERNATIVE DELIVERY MODE (ADM) logo

GOVERNMENT PROPERTY NOT FOR SALE (stamp text on cover)

CO_Q3_Science8_ Module1

Science – Grade 8 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 3 – Module 1: The Particle Nature of Matter First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Lynnette C. Dua, Eva A. Bentoles Editor: Rowena A. Ga Reviewers: Bernabe L. Linog, Edna Esplana Trinidad, Jane C. Basul, Kevin Hope Z. Salvaña, Romeo A. Villarin, Alfonz Lexie John C. Basul, Myra Joy B. Montero, Pamela Lou C. Suazo Illustrator: Rosa Mia L. Pontillo Layout Evaluators: Celeste Faith R. Almanon, Jay S. Ayap, Ana Lorma A. Dahiroc Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas, Isidro M. Biol, Jr., Maripaz F. Magno, Josephine Chonie M. Obseñares, Gregoria T. Su, Marvilyn C. Francia, Jay S. Ayap, Nonita C. Patalinghug

Department of Education – Caraga Region Office Address: Teacher Development Center, J.P. Rosales Avenue, Butuan City, Philippines 8600 Telefax: (085) 342 – 8207 / (085) 342 – 5969 E-mail Address: caraga@deped.gov.ph

Science Quarter 3 – Module 1: The Particle Nature of Matter

Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

What I Need to Know

[illustration: hand pointing at a circle, icon beside the section title]

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the particle nature of matter. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

This module contains:

Lesson 1 – The Particle Nature of Matter

After going through this module, you are expected to:

Describe the particle nature of matter; and
Explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases based on the particle nature of matter. (MELC Week 1-2 S8MT-IIIa-b-8)

What I Know

[illustration: hand holding a pencil, icon beside the section title]

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Which of the following statements BEST describes matter?
- A. It has weight.
- B. It is a form of energy.
- C. It has a definite shape.
- D. It occupies space and has mass.
Which is NOT an example of matter?
- A. air
- B. chalk
- C. sound
- D. water
Which of the following sets of samples below is NOT matter?
- A. air, water, love
- B. idea, chair, chalk
- C. crayon, light, heat
- D. light, shadow, feeling
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the particle nature of matter?
- A. Matter is not made of tiny particles.
- B. Particles of matter are moving all the time.
- C. Particles of matter do not attract each other.
- D. Spaces between the particles are filled with air.
Which of the following has the weakest force of attraction between the particles?
- A. gas
- B. liquid
- C. solid
- D. vacuum
What happens to the attractive forces of liquid particles when they are cooled?
- A. start to weaken
- B. start to decrease
- C. remain the same
- D. start to strengthen
The attractive force of the particles of a gas is described as _________ attractive force.
- A. weak
- B. strong
- C. very strong
- D. intermediate

For numbers 8 – 10. Refer to the illustrations given.

[illustration: three boxes labeled A, B, and C. Box A holds a dense, regular grid of black dots. Box B holds black dots scattered closely with irregular spacing. Box C holds a few black dots widely spaced.]

Which of the above illustrations represents the particles of solid? liquid? gas?

Solid _________
Liquid _________
Gas _________
Which of the following statements BEST describes the particles of a gas?
- A. All the particles are attached from each other.
- B. The particles are not attached and moving slowly.
- C. The particles are arranged in sequence and moving rapidly.
- D. The particles are not attached and are moving rapidly in any direction.
Which statement describes the particles of solid?
- A. Its particles are closely packed and held together by strong attractive force.
- B. Its particles have enough space, definite volume but have indefinite shape.
- C. Its particles are far from each other and have an indefinite volume and shape.
- D. Its particles are free to move slowly but it takes the shape of their container.
Which of the following states of matter cannot be held by your hand?
- A. Gas
- B. Liquid
- C. Solid
- D. Both A and B
Why do liquids have definite volume but have indefinite shape?
- A. Because its particles are closely packed and have strong attractive forces.
- B. Because its particles are far from each other and they occupy the entire space available.
- C. Because its particles are free to move easily and are held together by less attractive force.
- D. Because its particles have weak attractive forces and are moving from one place to another.
Which pair of states of matter has definite volume?
- A. Solid and gas
- B. Gas and liquid
- C. Liquid and solid
- D. None of the above

Lesson 1: The Particle Nature of Matter

What properties are common on the pictures below?

[photo: red-brown chair] Chair	[photo: stacked plates] Plates	[photo: electric fan] Air	[photo: water running from a tap] Water
[photo: wooden plank] Wooden plank	[photo: mud on a path] Mud	[photo: sea waves] Sea	[photo: pigeon on stones] Bird

Photo Credits: Lynnette C. Dua

There are three words that are important to recall as you begin this lesson: mass, volume, matter.

Mass is _____________________________________________________________________. Volume is ___________________________________________________________________. Matter is ___________________________________________________________________.

Write a statement that connects the three words (mass, volume, matter) together.

The pictures above can be categorized as _________.

Can we say that all the things surround us are examples of matter?

This module on the Particle Nature of Matter shifts students’ macroscopic view of materials being emphasized from Grade 3 to 7 to the sub-microscopic of matter.

What’s In

Activity 1. Which is matter? Which is not?

Objectives:

Identify examples of matter; and
Distinguish properties of matter from non-matter.

A. Directions: Draw ♥ if the sample has mass and ♦ if not. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Sample	Does each sample have mass?
a. Air inside the ball
b. Flour
c. Human Heart
d. Light
e. Leaves
f. Smoke
g. Sound
h. Toy

Which of the given samples have measurable mass?

B. Directions: Draw ☺ if the sample occupies space and ◌ if not. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Sample	Does each sample occupy space?
a. Air inside the ball
b. Flour
c. Human Heart
d. Light
e. Leaves
f. Smoke
g. Sound
h. Toy

Which of the given samples occupy space?

C. Directions: Write √ if the sample is matter and X if not. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Sample	Does each sample an example of matter?
a. Air inside the ball
b. Flour
c. Human Heart
d. Light
e. Leaves
f. Smoke
g. Sound
h. Toy

Is smoke an example of matter? _____
Does it have mass? _____
Does it occupy space? _____
Are toys and leaves examples of matter? _____
Do they occupy space? _____
Do they have mass? _____
In the activity given, how do you identify the sample as matter?
What is your basis in identifying such samples?

What’s New

Matter

Everything we see or even not seen in the universe is matter. Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. Leaves, human hearts, toys, flour, smoke, and air are examples of matter because they occupy space and have mass. Light and sound are not examples of matter since they do not occupy space nor have mass.

Matter is made of tiny particles. These particles are arranged depending on their states. The arrangement of particles of each state gives matter its own unique properties. In the pictures below, a solid material, a liquid material, and a gas inside a balloon can be viewed sub-microscopically as substances composed of tiny particles.

Activity 2. Are the particles of matter moving?

Objective:

Infer from the observation that particles of matter move.

Procedure:

Study Figures1–3 which show the arrangement of particles of matter.
Word check: Write the meaning of the following words on your answer sheet.
A. Closed-pack _____
B. Near _____
C. Far _____
D. Vibrating _____
E. Flow _____
Answer the questions that follow. Choose the correct answers inside the parenthesis and write them on your answer sheet.

[illustration: ice cube beside a magnifying glass showing a grid of particles] Ice cube

[illustration: juice being poured from a pitcher into a glass] Juice

[illustration: a balloon filled with air, shown above a flask, with dots representing particles] Air insi

Illustrated by: Lynnette C. Dua

[transcriber’s note: the following reference fragments overlap in the image at the top of this page; they are transcribed in reading order as they appear and may be partial]

Campo, Pia C et al. 2013. Science 8 Learner’s Module. Pasig City: Department of Education.

Campo, Pia et al. 2013. Science 8 Learner’s Module. Pasig City: Department of Education.

Education, Department of. n.d. “Project EASE (Effective Alternative Secondary Educatio) CHEMISTRY.” In Module 15: Changes That Matter Undergoes, 4-6. Manila: Bureau of Secondary education.

Education, Department of. n.d. “Project EASE (Effective Alternative Secondary Education) CHEMISTRY.” pASIG cITY.

Education, Department ofnd