Science 8 Quarter 3 Module 4: Periodic Table of Elements

Science Quarter 3 – Module 4: Periodic Table of Elements

8

Science

Quarter 3 – Module 4: Periodic Table of Elements

[illustration: students and a teacher studying outdoors and indoors, with a globe, a lantern, and a student writing]

CO_Q3_Science 8_ Module 4

Science – Grade 8 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 3 – Module 4: Periodic Table of Elements First Edition, 2020

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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Elvin O. Belsondra, Mefrel M. Baquial and Marjorie Y. Junio

Editor: Mary Luz B. Advincula-Niere

Reviewers: Bernabe L. Linog, Edna E. Trinidad, Jane C. Basul, Kevin Hope Z. Salvaňa, Romeo A. Villarin, Alfonz Lexie John C. Basul, Myra Joy B. Montero and Pamela Lou C. Suazo

Illustrator: Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Layout Artist: Edgardo Pamugas III

Layout Evaluators: Celeste Faith R. Almanon, Jay S. Ayap

Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas
Isidro M. Biol, Jr.
Maripaz F. Magno
Josephine Chonie M. Obseňares
Gregoria T. Su
Marvilyn C. Francia
Jay S. Ayap
Nonita C. Patalinghug

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Department of Education – Caraga Region

Office Address: Teacher Development Center, J.P. Rosales Avenue, Butuan City, Philippines 8600 Telefax: (085) 342-8207/ (085) 342-5969 E-mail Address: caraga@deped.gov.ph

8

Science

Quarter 3 – Module 4: Periodic Table of Elements

Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

CO_Q3_Science 8_ Module 4

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the arrangement of elements, the reactive and nonreactive metals. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module contains:

• Lesson 1 – Arrangement of Elements
• Lesson 2 – Reactive and nonreactive metals

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Identify the groups and periods of the elements;
2. Describe metals, nonmetals, and metalloids;
3. Compare the relative reactivity of metals; and
4. Use the Periodic Table of Elements to predict the chemical behavior of an element. (MELC Week 7-8 S8MT-IIIi-j-12)

What I Know

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which term is used to the vertical columns of the periodic table?

• A. group
• B. line
• C. rows
• D. table

2. What are Group 1 elements known as?

• A. Alkali metals
• B. Transition elements
• C. Representative elements
• D. Inner transition elements

3. Which element is found in period 6, group 4?

• A. Cr
• B. Hf
• C. Pb
• D. Ti

4. Elements in the same group have the same number of ________.

• A. protons
• B. neutrons
• C. electrons
• D. valence electrons

5. In which period and group is Silver (Ag) located?

• A. Period 2, Group 1
• B. Period 3, Group 8
• C. Period 4, Group 2
• D. Period 5, Group 11

6. How are elements arranged in the Periodic Table?

• A. increasing atomic radii
• B. increasing atomic masses
• C. decreasing atomic masses
• D. increasing atomic numbers

7. Why do elements of the same group have similar chemical properties?

• A. They have different atomic masses.
• B. They have one electron in the outer shell.
• C. They have different number of electrons in the outermost shell.
• D. They have the same number of electrons in the outermost shell.

8. In which arrangement of elements will reactivity generally become lesser?

• A. left to right
• B. bottom to top
• C. top to bottom
• D. both A and B

For questions 9-11, use the list of elements in decreasing order of reactivity as shown in the box.

K, Na, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, H, Cu

9. Which statement about the reactivity of these metals is correct?

• A. Zinc is less reactive than Iron.
• B. Sodium is less reactive than Calcium.
• C. Copper is more reactive than Potassium.
• D. Calcium is more reactive than Magnesium.

10. Based on the reactivity series, which metal is the most reactive?

• A. Copper
• B. Lithium
• C. Sodium
• D. Zinc

11. Which of the following sets of metals is arranged according to increasing reactivity?

• A. K, Mg, Na, Li
• B. Mg, Li, Na, K
• C. Mg, Na, Li, K
• D. Na, Li, Mg, K

12. Which one of the following metals reacts most vigorously with cold water?

• A. Copper
• B. Iron
• C. Magnesium
• D. Sodium

13. Which set of substances would allow rusting to take place the fastest?

• A. Iron, salt and water
• B. Steel, salt and water
• C. Steel, salt and weak acid
• D. Iron, salt and weak acid

14. If the metal is more reactive, the metal in the compound replaces the less reactive metal. Based on this, which of the following statements is true?

• A. The less reactive metal repels the more reactive metal from its compound.
• B. The more reactive metal bonds with the less reactive metal from its compound.
• C. The more reactive metal pushes out or displaces the less reactive metal from its compound.
• D. The less reactive metal pushes out or displaces the more reactive metal from its compound.

15. Which metal is preferred to be used for water pipes? because it is unreactive?

• A. Copper
• B. Gold
• C. Iron
• D. Potassium

Lesson 1 Arrangement of Elements

All the known chemical elements are arranged on The Periodic Table of Elements in an informative array. There are already 118 elements discovered as of 2019. These elements are arranged from left to right and from top to bottom in an increasing order of atomic numbers.

This lesson will help you find out more about the properties of elements. You will see that majority of them are metals, some are non-metals, and few are metalloids.

What’s In

Activity 1. Crossword Puzzle

Directions: Complete the crossword puzzle below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

[illustration: blank crossword grid with numbered squares 1 to 10]

Across

2. They are elements in Group 16.
3. A property of metal that is capable of being hammered into thin sheets without breaking.
4. An element that has the properties of metals and nonmetals.
5. It is a series of radioactive metallic elements.
6. It is the horizontal row of the Periodic Table of Elements.

Down

1. They are generally poor conductors of heat and electricity.
2. It refers to the brightness that a shiny surface has.
3. It is the name of the group of very reactive nonmetals and often used as disinfectant.
4. It is a physical property that is able to draw out into a thin wire.
5. The column of elements on the periodic table

What’s New

Activity 2, 4 Pics One Word

Directions: Reveal the word by analyzing the given set of pictures and letters. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

[illustration: picture set showing a He (Helium 4.0026) tile, a partial periodic table, the words Fire, Water, Earth, Wind, and a black pile]

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

E M T

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[transcriber’s note: letters sit above the blank lines; blank counts are approximate]

[illustration: picture set showing a DNA helix, a tree, a family seated outdoors, and a family at a dining table]

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

P R

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[illustration: picture set showing a cooking pot, fish hooks with weights, a coil of wire, and nails]

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

M A

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[transcriber’s note: letters sit above the blank lines; blank counts are approximate]

[illustration: picture set showing a spiral shell, a black dot, a sine wave, and a clock]

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

P R

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[transcriber’s note: letters sit above the blank lines; blank counts are approximate]

[illustration: picture set showing a ring-shaped molecule, a group of friends with arms around each other, a cube of blocks, and a cup of pencils]

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

G P

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[transcriber’s note: letters sit above the blank lines; blank counts are approximate]

What is It

Arrangment of Elements

Figure 1 shows the elements on the modern periodic table which are organized based on similarities of properties of elements.

[chart: periodic table of elements; Figure 1. The Periodic Table of Elements]

Period	1 (IA)	2 (IIA)	3 (IIIB)	4 (IVB)	5 (VB)	6 (VIB)	7 (VIIB)	8	9 (VIII)	10	11 (IB)	12 (IIB)	13 (IIIA)	14 (IVA)	15 (VA)	16 (VIA)	17 (VIIA)	18 (VIIIA)
1	H																	He
2	Li	Be											B	C	N	O	F	Ne
3	Na	Mg											Al	Si	P	S	Cl	Ar
4	K	Ca	Sc	Ti	V	Cr	Mn	Fe	Co	Ni	Cu	Zn	Ga	Ge	As	Se	Br	Kr
5	Rb	Sr	Y	Zr	Nb	Mo	Tc	Ru	Rh	Pd	Ag	Cd	In	Sn	Sb	Te	I	Xe
6	Cs	Ba	57–71	Hf	Ta	W	Re	Os	Ir	Pt	Au	Hg	Tl	Pb	Bi	Po	At	Rn
7	Fr	Ra	89–103	Rf	Db	Sg	Bh	Hs	Mt	Ds	Rg	Cn	Nh	Fl	Mc	Lv	Ts	Og
Lanthanide series			La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Pm	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu
Actinide series			Ac	Th	Pa	U	Np	Pu	Am	Cm	Bk	Cf	Es	Fm	Md	No	Lr

[transcriber’s note: the element symbols are transcribed from the figure. The atomic numbers and atomic masses printed in each cell are too small to read reliably and are not reproduced.]

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 2 shows the horizontal rows of the periodic table, called periods.

[chart: periodic table with an arrow marking the Period 5 row; Figure 2. Elements in Period 5]

[transcriber’s note: the cells match the layout of Figure 1. The Period 5 row (Rb through Xe) is outlined and marked with an arrow. Atomic numbers and masses are not reproduced.]

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 2. Elements in Period 5

The vertical columns of the periodic table are called groups or families as illustrated in figure 3. The group number corresponds to the number of electrons in their outermost shell. These outermost electrons are called valence electrons. The elements in group of the periodic table have similar chemical properties.

[chart: periodic table with an arrow marking the Group 13 column; Figure 3. Elements in Group 13]

[transcriber’s note: the cells match the layout of Figure 1. The Group 13 column (B, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Nh) is outlined and marked with an arrow. Atomic numbers and masses are not reproduced.]

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 3. Elements in Group 13

FEATURES OF GROUPS or FAMILIES OF ELEMENTS

Elements from the taller columns which are the Groups 1, 2, and 13 through 18 are called representative elements or main groups of the periodic table.

Group 1: Alkali Metals

• very reactive, soft, malleable, and ductile
• good conductors of heat and electricity
• with only one valence electron

[chart: vertical column of elements; Figure 4. Group 1, the Alkali Metals]

Elements shown: H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr.

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 4. Group 1, the Alkali Metals

Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals

• second most reactive elements
• malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity but not as soft as Group 1 elements
• with two valence electrons

[chart: vertical column of elements; Figure 5. Group 2.]

Elements shown: Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra.

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 5. Group 2.

Group 13: Boron Group

• are post-transition metals, except for Boron which is a metalloid and Nihonium which is a synthetic chemical element that is extremely radioactive
• with three valence electrons

[chart: vertical column of elements; Figure 6. Boron Group]

Elements shown: B, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Nh.

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 6. Boron Group

Group 14: Carbon Group

• also known as the Carbon family, or the tetrels
• elements in this family are the key importance for semiconductor technology
• with four valence electrons

[chart: vertical column of elements; Figure 7. Carbon Group]

Elements shown: C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Fl.

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 7. Carbon Group

Group 15: Nitrogen Group

• known as Pnictogen group
• with five valence electrons

[chart: vertical column of elements; Figure 8. Nitrogen group]

Elements shown: N, P, As, Sb, Bi, Mc.

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 8. Nitrogen group

Group 16: Chalcogens

• Chalcogen is the new trivial name recognized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
• widely known as Oxygen group
• generally nonmetals
• with six valence electrons

[chart: vertical column of elements; Figure 9. The Chalcogen Family]

Elements shown: O, S, Se, Te, Po, Lv.

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 9. The Chalcogen Family

Goup 17: Halogens

• salt former
• exist in all three states of matter
• with seven valence electrons

[chart: vertical column of elements; Figure 10. The Halogen Family]

Elements shown: F, Cl, Br, I, At, Ts.

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 10. The Halogen Family

Group 18: Noble Gases

• stable gases
• non-reactive or inert elements
• with eight valence electrons except Helium

[chart: vertical column of elements; Figure 11. The Noble Gases Family]

Elements shown: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn, Og.

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 11. The Noble Gases Family

Groups 3-12: Transition Metals

• hard (with Mercury as an exception)
• malleable, ductile, and good conductors of electricity
• with one and/or two valence electrons

[chart: periodic table block of transition metals; Figure 12. Transition metals]

Group	3 (IIIB)	4 (IVB)	5 (VB)	6 (VIB)	7 (VIIB)	8	9 (VIII)	10	11 (IB)	12 (IIB)
Period 4	Sc	Ti	V	Cr	Mn	Fe	Co	Ni	Cu	Zn
Period 5	Y	Zr	Nb	Mo	Tc	Ru	Rh	Pd	Ag	Cd
Period 6	57–71	Hf	Ta	W	Re	Os	Ir	Pt	Au	Hg
Period 7	89–103	Rf	Db	Sg	Bh	Hs	Mt	Ds	Rg	Cn

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 12. Transition metals

Figure 13 shows the lanthanides and actinides series. They are special series of elements but are also part of the transition block. They are also called the inner transition elements.

[chart: rows of the lanthanide and actinide series; Figure 13. Lanthanides and Actinides Series]

Series
Lanthanide series	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Pm	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu
Actinide series	Ac	Th	Pa	U	Np	Pu	Am	Cm	Bk	Cf	Es	Fm	Md	No	Lr

[transcriber’s note: atomic numbers and masses printed in each cell are not reproduced.]

Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo

Figure 13. Lanthanides and Actinides Series

Most of the elements are metals which are solids at room temperature except Mercury. Elements that are found far right of the periodic table are called nonmetals which may be solids, liquids or gases. A stair-step line on the table separates the metals from nonmetals. The elements along this line are called metalloids. Metalloids exhibit the properties of metals and nonmetals. The seven elements commonly regarded as metalloids are silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, and polonium.

[chart: periodic table showing the location of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids; Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids. Figure 14. Location of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Labels: Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids. Credit: Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo]

In the above figure, metals are located on the left side of the Periodic Table of Elements.

Table 1. Summary of Properties of Elements

Classification of Elements	Properties
Metals	Lustrous (shiny), malleable, hard, ductile Good conductors of heat and electricity
Nonmetals	Dull in appearance, brittle Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Metalloids	Have some properties of metal but behave chemically like a nonmetal in certain instances Some are semiconductors,which means they will insulate and conduct electricity

What’s More

Activity 3. The Missing Element

Directions: Fill in the missing information below by using the Periodic Table of Elements. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

[chart: periodic table of the elements; no title printed. Credit: Illustrated by Rosa Mia L. Pontillo]

Element Name	Symbol	Group Number	Period Number	Identify if Metal (M), Nonmetal (NM) or metalloid (Met)
Boron		13
	Al		3
Tin	Sn
Helium		18
	Ne	18
	Ca		4
Francium		1
	Au		6

What I Have Learned

Activity 4. Fill me Up!

Directions: Fill in the blanks with missing word/s. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Elements within the modern periodic table are organized in the simplest way so that information about the elements and their compounds are easily revealed. The vertical columns of the periodic table are called 1.. It identifies the 2. of elements. The horizontal rows of the periodic table, called 3._____ are numbered from top to bottom.

There are 18 groups in the Periodic Table of Elements. Group 1 is named as Alkali Metals, Groups 2 as 4., and Group 16 as 5.. Groups 3-12 are called as 6._____. The lanthanides and actinides are special series of elements but are also part of the transition block. They are also called as inner transition elements. Groups 1, 2, 13-18 are called as representative elements.

There are three classifications of elements, namely: metals, 7., and metalloids. The majority of the elements on the left side of the periodic table are 8.. The nonmetals are confined to the right side of the table. 9.show both properties of metals and nonmetals. The physical properties of metals include luster, and 10..

Lesson 2 Reactive and Nonreactive Metals

There are more than a hundred chemical elements listed on the Periodic Table. Most of these elements are metals which have also been crucial in the development of human civilization. It is therefore important to know something about them.

All metals share many features, and we start by looking at these. But they also vary greatly in how reactive they are to combine with other elements to form compounds.

What’s In

Activity 5. Choose-It-Out

Directions: A. From the box below, choose the elements that are metalloids. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Look for applications of these elements in real life.

Argon Antimony

Boron Mercury

Calcium Zinc

Germanium Silicon

Selenium Astatine

Carbon Oxygen

Iron Carbon

Magnesium Nickel

Silver Chlorine

Sulfur Lithium

A. Metalloids

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B. Metals

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B. Choose the elements that are metals. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Look for applications of these elements in real life.

What’s New

Activity 6. Check this out

Directions: Look at the Periodic Table of Elements below and answer the given questions. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

[chart: periodic table of the elements titled “Periodic Table of the Elements”, with a key box showing Atomic Number, Symbol, and Name]

(Source:https://sciencenotes.org/periodic-table-black-white-wallpaper)

Questions:

1. In a period, the reactivity of metals decreases from left to right. Arrange the given elements in decreasing order: Fe, K, Ca, and Cu

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2. In a group, the reactivity of metals increases from top to bottom. Arrange the given elements in increasing order: Na, K, Li, and Rb

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3. Which element is found in period 6, group 14? _________

   
   

4. In which period and group is Aluminum (Al) is located? _________

   
   

5. In which period and group is Platinum (Pt) is located? _________

   
   

What Is It

A reaction does not always happen between a metal and a compound. There is an existing definite order of reactivity among metals and hydrogen according to their ability to displace one another. A less reactive metal cannot replace a more reactive metal; hence no reaction will occur. On the other hand, a more reactive metal can replace a less reactive metal and will produce a reaction. To determine the less or more reactive metals refer to the Activity Series of Metals.

The Activity Series of Metals

[chart: activity series of metals, with a downward arrow labeled “Most reactive” at the top, “Decreasing chemical reactivity” along the arrow, and “Least reactive” at the bottom]

Element	Symbol	Group No.
Potassium	K	1
Sodium	Na	1
Lithium	Li	1
Calcium	Ca	2
Magnesium	Mg	2
Aluminum	Al	3
Zinc	Zn	Transition metal
Iron	Fe	Transition metal
Tin	Sn	4
Lead	Pb	4
[Hydrogen]	H	Non-metal
Copper	Cu	Transition metal
Silver	Ag	Transition metal
Gold	Au	Transition metal
Platinum	Pt	Transition metal

Activity 7. In or Out

Directions: Write In if the statement is True and Out if the statement is False. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

_____1. Potassium, Sodium, and Lithium are metals belonging to Group 1. In this group, its reactivity increases from top to bottom on the Periodic Table.

_____2. Sodium, Magnesium, and Aluminum belong to Period 2. In a period, its reactivity decreases from left to right.

_____3. Aluminum is more reactive than Lead.

_____4. Silver replaces Iron in Iron (II) chloride.

_____5. The more reactive metal displaces the less reactive metal from its compound.

What’s More

Activity 8. Which is which?

Directions: Indicate whether the metal is Reactive or Nonreactive with Hydrogen in Hydrochloric acid (HCl) or water (H2O). Please refer to the Activity Series of Metals. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Example: Li with HCl – Reactive

1. Mg with HCl 6. Na with H2O

   
   

2. Ag with HCl 7. Cu with H2O

   
   

3. Cu with HCl 8. Sn with H2O

   
   

4. Au with HCl 9. Pt with H2O

   
   

5. Na with HCl 10. K with H2O

   
   

6. Na with HCl

   
   

Activity 9. Will the reaction take place?

Directions: Analyze the given reactants below, Can the highlighted metal in the compound be replaced by the metal reactant? Write YES if a reaction will take place and NO if the reaction will not. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Reactants		Reactions (YES/NO)
1. Iron (III) oxide	Magnesium
2. Copper (II) sulfate	Zinc
3. Potassium	Aluminum nitrate
4. Gold	Silver chloride
5. Calcium	Sodium bromide

What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answers. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Metals react differently to other substances. Chemists can list 1._____ according to how quickly they undergo chemical reactions, such as burning or dissolving in acids. The result is called a 2._____ series. Metal at the 3._____ of the series generally reacts more vigorously than those that are 4._____ it in the series. Therefore, a 5._____ reactive metal cannot replace a more reactive metal; hence no 6._____ will occur. However, a more reactive metal can 7._____ a less reactive metal producing a reaction. Using the periodic table of 8., one can see a trend in reactivity. In a group, reactivity 9. as you go from top to bottom, while in a period, reactivity 10._____ from left to right.

What I Can Do

Activity 10. Which and Why?

Directions: Read the given situation and answer the question that follows. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Mary has a bestfriend named Joan who is celebrating her 15th birthday. Mary wanted to buy Joan a bracelet as a gift. In the gift shop, the saleslady presented Mary with three types of bracelets made of the following: Brass (an alloy of Copper and Zinc), Steel (an alloy of Iron and Carbon), and pure Silver. If you were Mary, which bracelet will you buy for Joan? Why?

Scoring Rubrics

3 – Discussions do not have misconceptions; with complete scientific evidence.

2 – Discussions do not completely show scientific evidence.

1 – Discussions do not show complete scientific evidence; with misconceptions.

0 – There is no discussion shown.

Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the elements does NOT belong to the same period?

   • A. Ag
   • B. Co
   • C. I
   • D. Xe

2. Which of the following belongs to the same family of element Phosphorus?

   • A. Carbon
   • B. Magnesium
   • C. Nitrogen
   • D. Oxygen

3. In what period is Manganese located?

   • A. four
   • B. nine
   • C. seven
   • D. two

4. The following elements belong to the same group EXCEPT?

   • A. Argon
   • B. Calcium
   • C. Helium
   • D. Krypton

5. Which of the following BEST describes metals?

   • A. Metals are dull and brittle.
   • B. Metals are insulators and poor conductors of heat.
   • C. Metals are lustrous, malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity.
   • D. Metals are dull, brittle, malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity.

6. Which of the following statements are NOT TRUE for metalloids?

   I. They are all semiconductors.

   II. They are all good conductors of heat and electricity.

   III. Some of these elements are Boron, Silicon, and Germanium.

   IV. They are borderline elements that exhibit both metallic and nonmetallic properties to some extent.

   • A. I and II
   • B. II and III
   • C. I and III
   • D. II and IV

7. Which metal will most likely replace Copper in Copper(II) chloride?

   • A. Aluminum
   • B. Iron
   • C. Platinum
   • D. Silver

8. Which metal is found at the bottom of the activity series of metals?

   • A. Copper
   • B. Gold
   • C. Iron
   • D. Platinum

9. Which metal is widely used as jewelry?

   • A. Aluminum
   • B. Gold
   • C. Potassium
   • D. Zinc

10. Which one of the following transition metals reacts the least with water?

    • A. Copper
    • B. Gold
    • C. Platinum
    • D. Silver

11. Which one of the following metals reacts most violently with cold water?

    • A. Aluminum
    • B. Copper
    • C. Lithium
    • D. Zinc

12. Which of the following is arranged according to increasing reactivity?

    • A. Fe, Cu, K, Ca
    • B. Cu, Fe, Ca, K
    • C. Cu, Ca, Fe, K
    • D. Ca, Fe, Cu, K

13. In which arrangement of elements will reactivity generally become greater?

    • A. left to right
    • B. bottom to top
    • C. top to bottom
    • D. both A and C

14. Which sets of metals follows the trend of reactivity in a group?

    • A. K, Li, Na, Rb
    • B. Li, K, Na, Rb
    • C. Li, Na, K, Rb
    • D. Na, Li, K, Rb

15. Sodium, Magnesium, and Aluminum belong to period 2. Which of the following statements is correctly stated?

    • A. Aluminum repels Magnesium from its compound.
    • B. Sodium bonds with Aluminum from its compound.
    • C. Aluminum displaces Sodium from its compound.
    • D. Sodium pushes out Aluminum from its compound.

Additional Activities

Activity 11. Thinking out of the box

Directions: Think about the changes that you have observed around you, particularly those involving metals. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What harmful effects could happen when a metal mixes with acids?

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2. What are some ways of preventing metals from corrosion?

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Answer Key

[transcriber’s note: this page is printed upside down; its boxes are transcribed in the module’s order]

Lesson 1

What I Know

1.A 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.D 9.D 10.D 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.A

What’s In

Activity 1.

ACROSS

2. CHALCOGEN
3. MALLEABLE
4. METALLOID
5. ACTINIDE
6. PERIOD

DOWN

1. NONMETALS
2. LUSTER
3. HALOGEN
4. DUCTILE
5. GROUP

What’s New

Activity 2.

1. ELEMENTS
2. FAMILY
3. METALS
4. PERIOD
5. GROUP

What’s More

Activity 3.

Element Name	Symbol	Group Number	Period Number	Identify if Metal (M), Nonmetal (NM) or metalloid (Met)
Boron	B	13	2	Met
Aluminum	Al	13	3	M
Tin	Sn	14	5	M
Helium	He	18	1	NM
Neon	Ne	18	2	NM
Calcium	Ca	2	4	M
Francium	Fr	1	7	M
Gold	Au	11	6	M

What I Have Learned

Activity 4.

1. Groups
2. Families
3. periods
4. Alkaline earth metals
5. Chalcogens
6. Transition metals
7. Nonmetals
8. Metals
9. Metalloids
10. Conductivity

Lesson 2

[transcriber’s note: this page is printed upside down; its boxes are transcribed in the module’s order]

What’s In

Activity 5.

A. Boron Germanium Antimony Silicon Astatine

B. Iron Magnesium Silver Nickel Lithium

What’s New

Activity 6.

1. K, Ca, Fe, Cu
2. Rb, K, Na, Li

What is It

Activity 7.

1. In
2. In
3. In
4. Out
5. In

What’s More

Act 8.

1. Reactive
2. Non-reactive
3. Non-reactive
4. Non-reactive
5. Reactive

Activity 9.

1. Yes
2. Yes
3. Yes
4. No
5. No

Assessment

1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. A
8. D
9. B
10. D
11. C
12. B
13. C
14. C
15. D

What I Can Do

Activity 10.

I will choose Silver because according to the Activity series of metals, it is the least reactive of the three given metals.

Additional Activities

Activity 11.

1. It will corrode metals. It will make it weak.
2. By adding a less reactive metal(alloy). Soaking it in oils/grease. Cover it in paint.

What I Have Learned

1. metals
2. reactivity
3. top
4. below
5. less
6. reaction
7. replace
8. elements
9. increases
10. decreases

References

Davis Ph. D., Raymond E., H. Clark Metcalfe, John E. Williams, and Castka Joseph E. 2002. Modern Chemistry. Texas: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.

Pia C. Campo, et. al. 2013. Science – Grade 8 Learner’s Module. Pasig City: Vibal Publishing House, Inc.

“Pixabay.” Accessed May 17, 2020. https://pixabay.com/photos/shopping-supermarket-merchandising-1232944/

sciencenotes.org/periodic-table-black-white-wallpaper

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