This is the Grade 7 Science Quarter 2 Module 9 self-learning module, Effects of Changes in the Abiotic Factors. It is the last of nine modules for the quarter and was prepared by the Department of Education SOCCSKSARGEN region for home-based learning. It helps learners see how the non-living parts of an ecosystem affect plants, animals, and people, and predict what happens when those parts change.
On this page 6 sections
What learners will learn
The module is built on this Most Essential Learning Competency: predict the effect of changes in abiotic factors on the ecosystem.
After going through the module, learners are expected to:
- identify the abiotic factors in the ecosystem;
- determine the effects of changes in abiotic factors on the ecosystem; and
- give the importance of abiotic factors in maintaining the balance in the ecosystem.
Key ideas: ecosystems and their two components
An ecosystem is a community of organisms interacting with each other and with the physical environment. It can be a pond, a desert, an ocean, a forest, or your neighborhood. It can be as small as the insects living in one tree or as large as the whole planet.
Every ecosystem has two components:
- Biotic components: the living parts, such as plants, animals, and other organisms.
- Abiotic components: the non-living parts, such as air, water, sunlight, soil, temperature, and wind.
All organisms are interdependent. They rely on other organisms and on the environment for what they need to survive. The module points out one important difference: a change in an abiotic factor affects the biotic factors, but a change in biotic factors does not necessarily change the abiotic factors.
Major abiotic factors and their effects
| Abiotic factor | Why it matters | What happens when it changes |
|---|---|---|
| Air (atmosphere) | Provides oxygen; made up of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% carbon dioxide and other gases; shields organisms from harmful sun rays | Burning fossil fuels and cutting trees add carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, trapping heat and causing global warming; some plants and animals die because they cannot adapt to the heat |
| Water | Organisms need it to grow and reproduce | Polluted oceans, lakes, and rivers can kill aquatic animals such as fish and dolphins |
| Sunlight | Gives light and warmth; powers photosynthesis in plants, the main producers on land | The amount of solar radiation Earth receives strongly affects climate |
| Soil | Made of bits of rock, water, air, minerals, and remains of once-living things; supplies water and nutrients to plants and is home to many organisms | Falling soil moisture can mean more irrigation, smaller harvests, and even desertification, affecting food production |
| Temperature | Each organism survives only within a certain temperature range | High temperatures with low humidity and drought dehydrate and kill plants, so populations drop from lack of food and water; plants are also damaged at 0°C; some organisms adapt, while others, like birds, migrate with the seasons |
| Wind | Many plants use wind to spread seeds to new habitats | Strong winds can destroy things in many places |
Changes caused by climate change and natural disasters
The module shows six changes in abiotic factors that affect populations of organisms: extreme temperature, flood, volcanic eruption, water pollution, wildfire, and soil erosion. Because of these changes, some plants and animals become extinct, while others migrate or adapt to survive. The activities also connect the lesson to real events, such as the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and Typhoon Yolanda in 2013. They also show that human actions can harm or protect the environment. Burning garbage or relying on fossil fuels harms it. Reducing vehicle emissions or biking to school helps protect it.
How to use this module
The module follows the usual parts of a DepEd self-learning module. Write all answers on a separate sheet of paper and do not mark the module.
- What I Know: a 15-item multiple-choice pretest that checks what you already know.
- What’s In and What’s New: a short review and a reading about biotic and abiotic factors, followed by a concept web where you list five abiotic factors.
- What is It: the main discussion of the six abiotic factors and their effects.
- What’s More: two pictures of drought and wildfire. You name the abiotic factors behind them and explain their effects on plants and animals.
- What I Have Learned: a 10-blank fill-in paragraph using a word box.
- What I Can Do: observe your surroundings and give at least five reasons why abiotic components matter. This task is scored with a rubric on accuracy and content, neatness and completion, and spelling and grammar, from 4 (highest) to 1.
- Assessment: a 15-item multiple-choice post-test.
- Additional Activities: match six pictures to the correct change in abiotic factors.
An answer key for the tests and activities is at the end of the module.
- Learners: Take the pretest first. Check your answers honestly only after you finish each part.
- Parents: Help your child find examples of air, water, soil, and sunlight at home or in the yard for the What I Can Do task.
- Teachers: Use the rubric to grade What I Can Do, and compare pretest and post-test scores to see how much each learner has learned.
Frequently asked questions
What grade and quarter is this module for?
It is for Grade 7 Science, Quarter 2. It is Module 9, the last of nine modules for the quarter.
What are abiotic factors?
Abiotic factors are the non-living parts of an ecosystem. The module discusses six: air, water, sunlight, soil, temperature, and wind.
What is the competency covered by this module?
The Most Essential Learning Competency is to predict the effect of changes in abiotic factors on the ecosystem.
Does the module have an answer key?
Yes. The answer key at the end covers the pretest, the post-test, and the activities.
What changes in abiotic factors does the module discuss?
It shows extreme temperature, flood, volcanic eruption, water pollution, wildfire, and soil erosion. These changes can make some species extinct, while others migrate or adapt.
Full text of the module
The text below is a transcription of the PDF above, as printed.
Science Quarter 2 – Module 9: Effects of Changes in the Abiotic Factors
7
Science
Quarter 2 – Module 9:
Effects of Changes in the Abiotic Factors
[illustration: students reading and studying outdoors and at home, with a teacher, a globe, and a student writing under a lamp]
CO_Q2_Science 7_ Module 9
GOVERNMENT PROPERTY NOT FOR SALE
Science – Grade 7 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 9: Change Me For Best or For Worst First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: “No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.”
Borrowed materials (i.e. songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writers: Princess C. Bagaforo
Editors: Cynthia S. Bustillo, Miraflor O. Albios, Lenie G. Forro, Leoncio Tan
Reviewers: Agabai S. Kabdalayang, Yusof A. Aliudin, Mary Joy D. Bautista, Mary Anne A. Barrientos, Marivic D. Devibar
Layout Artist: Jaypee K. Balera, Glenn D. Napoles, Analyn J. Madera, Mark Daryl T. Lazaro, Alex C. Macale, Kryss Mayven L. Fabrero, Sammie Per S. Montero, Jay Ar O. Espartero, Jerome B. Reynes
Management Team: Allan G. Farnazo, Isagani S. Dela Cruz Gilbert B. Barrera, Arturo D. Tingson, Jr. Peter Van C. Ang-ug, Elpidio B. Daquipil Juvy B. Nitura, Lenie G. Forro
Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN
Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal Telefax: (083) 2281893 E-mail Address: region12@deped.gov.ph
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
[illustration: hand pressing a button icon]
Hi there! How are you? I hope you have a nice day. Are you aware that abiotic factors play an important role in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem and any changes in these factors may cause destruction in our environment?
In this module we will explore and understand together how important are these non-living components in our ecosystem and how they affect not just the plants and animals but as well as human beings.
Most Essential Learning Competency
Predict the effect of changes in abiotic factors on the ecosystem.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
- identify the abiotic factors in the ecosystem;
- determine the effects of changes in abiotic factors on the ecosystem; and
- give the importance of abiotic factors in maintaining the balance in the ecosystem.
What I Know
[illustration: hand holding a pencil icon]
Directions: Read and understand each question. Write the letter of the best answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Plants need water, radiant energy, minerals, oxygen, and carbon dioxide to live. These requirements needed by plants are categorized as ____.
A. Climate
B. Minerals
C. Biotic Components
D. Abiotic ComponentsWhich of the following is NOT an abiotic factor?
A. Light
B. Moisture
C. Temperature
D. Number of organismsWhich of the following is NOT an abiotic factor of aquatic ecosystem?
A. Salinity
B. Light Levels
C. Water Levels
D. Location of predatorWhich of the following is an example of biotic factor in an ecosystem?
A. Rock
B. Stream
C. Sunlight
D. TreeWhat do you call the physical location of an ecosystem in which a given species lives?
A. Habitat
B. Level Niche
C. Biotic Factor
D. Tropical LevelWhich of the following contributes the biggest impact on the environment?
A. Predation
B. Competition
C. Human interference
D. Migration of organismsWhich phrase BEST describes ecosystem?
A. Individual cells
B. Individual organisms
C. Interactions among cells
D. Interactions among organismsWhich of the following is an abiotic factor that may affect the population of organisms?
A. Parasites
B. Predators
C. Food availability
D. Extreme temperaturesWhich of the following is an example of changes in abiotic factor?
A. Air
B. Soil
C. Water
D. WildfireWhich of the following is affected by the abiotic factors in the ecosystem?
I. migration of organisms
II. size of populations of organisms
III. the temperature of an ecosystem
IV. amount of light the sun producesA. I and II only
B. I, II, and III only
C. II, III, and IV only
D. I, II, III, and IVWhich of the following is an example of abiotic factors affecting an ecosystem?
I. quantity and quality of water
II. amount of light available
III. nitrogen fixing bacteria
IV. quantity of mineralsA. I and II only
B. I, II, and III only
C. I, II, and IV only
D. I, II, III, and IVWhich of the following scenario show/s change/s in abiotic component in an ecosystem?
I. A farmer used to pump water from a well to irrigate a piece of land.
II. A tiger and a lion fighting for their territory near a lake.
III. Grasses grow and spread faster during rainy season.
IV. Animals inhales oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide.A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and IV only
D. I, II, III, and IVHuman activities are considered as the most destructive interference in the ecosystem? How does human activity affect an abiotic factor negatively?
A. Tree planting activities to avoid flash flood and soil erosion.
B. Using of reusable bags instead of disposable plastic containers.
C. Online campaign act about solid waste management to avoid littering and promote recycling.
D. Inventions of automobiles that contributes to a large amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere pollutes the air.In December 2004, a tsunami (giant wave) destroyed many of the marine organisms along the coast of the Indian Ocean. What can be expected to happen to the ecosystem that was most severely hit by the tsunami?
A. The organisms in the ecosystem will become extinct.
B. Ecological succession will no longer occur in this marine ecosystem.
C. The ecosystem will change until a new stable community is established.
D. Succession will continue in the ecosystem until one species of marine organism is established.Which of the following are adaptations of organisms in avoiding unfavorable condition due to a change in abiotic factor?
A. Migration of birds due to change in seasons.
B. Hibernation of a snake from September to December.
C. Plants die due to lack of water and high temperature.
D. Body temperature regulation of polar bears during winter.
There you go! Now, may I ask you, what do you think will happen if plants do not receive water for several weeks? Or what will happen if there are too much greenhouse gases in our atmosphere? Do you think this will affect us? In the previous module you have learned that the environment is a collection of biotic and abiotic components. Biotic components interact with each and with other abiotic factors in order to survive. Each component contributes a significant role in maintaining the balance in our ecosystem. Any changes in abiotic factors will affect the whole ecosystem. That is why, we will find out more about the significance of the non-living components in our ecosystem in this lesson.
What’s In
[illustration: two hands joining puzzle pieces icon]
What’s New
[illustration: hand holding a sprouting plant icon]
Hello there! I need your help. I want to find out the abiotic components present in our ecosystem. Can you help me? All you have to do is read and understand the context below to find out. Are you ready? Let’s start!
The world where we live in is a place made up of both living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) factors, which refer to the organisms that interact directly or indirectly. Organisms interact with one another in the ecosystem in order to receive the resources they need to survive. All organisms in an ecosystem are interdependent. Interdependence is the reliance of every life form on other organisms and the environment.
Ecosystem can be as small as the community of insects living in a single tree or as large as the entire planet. While ecosystems appear very different from one another they all contain biotic and abiotic components. These components make up our ecosystem.
Look around you. What do you see? Everything you see is part of our ecosystem. From the air that we breath, the swaying of trees caused by the wind, the burrowing worms in the soil, the hot temperature caused by the sun rays and the splashing of water in a stream are some of the biotic and abiotic components in our ecosystem.
Changes in the environment specifically in abiotic factors can disrupt the natural balance in the ecosystem. Human interaction has been the cause of many changes in the environment. That is why we need to take care of our environment to maintain its ability to support varied forms of life.
List down in the circles below the abiotic factors in the ecosystem.
[chart: concept web; untitled. Center circle reads “Abiotic Factors”. Five outer circles are blank, to be filled in by the learner.]
What is It
Ecosystem refers to communities interacting with each other and to the physical environment. It can be a pond, a dessert, an ocean, a forest or your neighborhood.
Two Components of Ecosystem
- Biotic Components – are the living components of ecosystem, including various organisms.
- Abiotic Components – are the non-living components of an ecosystem.
Look at the figures below. Can you identify which of them is an example of abiotic factor? Write the letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
A [illustration: bird perched on a branch] B. [illustration: rain cloud with falling raindrops]
Major Abiotic Factors & their Effects on the Ecosystem
1. Air (Atmosphere)
The atmosphere provides living things with oxygen. It consists of 78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen and 1% Carbon Dioxide and other gases. This also protects organisms from certain harmful rays from the sun.
However, a change in the number of gases present in our atmosphere can cause global warming. For example, if humans keep on burning fossil fuel as well as cutting of trees, this may lead to the increased amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Too much of these gases can cause Earth’s atmosphere to trap more and more heat leading to global warming and it is one of the reasons why some animals or plants die because they cannot adapt to too much heat
2. Water
Water is one of nature’s most important factors that support life. Essential to life processes, an organism’s survival depends on water in order to grow and reproduce.
What do you think will happen to plants and animals if there is no water? Try to imagine life without water. Do you think life would still exist? Due to various reasons, some oceans, lakes or rivers become polluted which may cause death of some aquatic animals. These kill organisms like fishes and dolphins that depend on these bodies of water.
3. Sunlight
The sun provides light and warmth and is the energy source for almost all ecosystems on Earth. Sunlight powers photosynthesis of plants which are the main producers in terrestrial ecosystems.
Our climate is strongly affected by the amount of solar radiation received by the Earth coming from the sun.
4. Soil
Soil is made up of bits of rocks, water, air, minerals, and the remains of once living organisms. The structure and chemical makeup of soil and rock in an area affect the types of plants that grow there.
In aquatic environments, the characteristics of the underlying sand or rock affect the types of plants and algae that grow. This in turn influences other organisms found there. Soil is important because it provides water and nutrients for plants and is a home for many organisms.
Continuing decline in soil moisture can increase the need for irrigation in agriculture and lead to smaller yields and even desertification, with potentially dramatic impacts on food production in the ecosystem.
5. Temperature
All organisms are adopted to survive between a minimum and maximum range of temperature. The earth’s surface has different temperatures in different areas while some animals and plants can bear extreme cold and some survive well in moderate temperature ranges. There are animals whose body temperature fluctuates in different environmental conditions.
Due to climate change, the average global temperature increases. High temperature causes damage not only directly but also because they are usually accompanied by low humidity and draught. This causes dehydration of the plant and results to death. If this happens, the population of organisms tend to decrease due to lack of food and water. Plants will also be damaged if temperature drops to 0°C. Some organisms may adapt to the change in temperature but some tend to migrate just like birds. Birds move from one region or habitat to another according to seasons.
6. Wind
Many plants use wind to disperse seeds over relatively long distances. Dispersal can be defined as the movement of individuals away from others of the same species. One common reason why organism disperse is to find new habitats rich in needed resources. Strong winds can also destroy things in many places.
[chart: flowchart; untitled. Center box reads: “Changes in abiotic factor due to climate change and natural disasters affect the population of organisms. Some plants and animals become extinct while others migrate and adapt in order to survive.” Arrows connect the center box to five labeled photographs:]
- Extreme Temperature: [photo: cracked dry ground with sparse grass]
- Flood: [photo: flooded area with a leafless tree and partly submerged objects]
- Volcanic Eruption: [photo: volcano emitting smoke]
- Water Pollution: [photo: polluted water surface with debris]
- Wild Fire: [photo: smoky forest]
- Soil Erosion: [photo: deep eroded gully with a person standing beside it]
What’s More
All the components in the ecosystem work together in balance to keep communities healthy. These components include both abiotic and biotic factors. Living organisms rely on both of these factors to sustain life. Humans, plants and animals rely on abiotic factors in order to survive. A major difference between biotic and abiotic is that a change in any of the abiotic factors affects the biotic factors, but changes in biotic factors do not necessarily result in changes to the abiotic factors.
Directions: Determine the effect of changes on abiotic factor/s in the ecosystem depicted by the pictures below. Write your answers in a separate sheet of paper.
[photo: dried, withered crops in a barren field under a cloudy sky] [photo: smoke rising over a burning field]
- What are the main abiotic factors that cause drought and forest wildfires?
- What do you think will be the effects of drought and wildfires in the plants and animals?
What I Have Learned
Directions: Read the paragraph carefully and identify the correct words to complete the given sentences. Choose your answer from the box. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Abiotic Factor Air Balance Biotic Factor Ecosystem Migrate Soil Sunlight Temperature Water
A/An (1) _____ is made up of a community of organisms and the non-living environment. The living components of the ecosystem are called (2) _____, which include plants, fish, invertebrates and single-celled organisms. The non-living components or (3) _____ include the physical and chemical components in the environment. Any change in these non-living components can cause harm to both plants and animals. Example of a non-living component is (4) _____ where it provides living things with oxygen or carbon dioxide. Both the living and non-living components influence each other to maintain (5) _____ in the ecosystem.
Plants need (6) _____ in order to grow and reproduce. They also need (7) _____ to make their own food in a process called photosynthesis, but the abiotic factor that provides the plants with nutrients and water is the (8) _____. The effect of changes in abiotic factor can lead to climate change and extreme weather conditions where some populations of organisms decrease. For example extreme high (9) _____ due to global warming causes dehydration of the plant tissue and results to its death. Organisms become extinct for the reasons that they cannot adapt to any changes of abiotic components in the ecosystem while others tend to (10) _____ from one region to another in search of food and new habitat.
What I Can Do
Directions: Observe the interactionsof the living and non-living components in your surroundings and give at least five importance of abiotic components in our ecosystem. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Example: Plants need water in order to survive. Without water as an abiotic component, life would not exist.
[transcriber’s note: the answer box below the directions is empty]
| Category | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy & Content | All of the answers are correct. Completely relates to and expands the ideas based on the lesson. | Most of the answers are correct. Related ideas cover what we have on the lesson. | Some of the answers are correct. Somewhat related ideas, but does not add to what we have on the lesson | None of the answers are correct. Ideas are not related to what we have on the lesson. |
| Neatness & Completion | Work is done orderly and incredibly neat with no erasures or smudges. | Work is done orderly and neat with few erasures or smudges. | Work is done orderly and neat with several erasures or smudges. | Work is done orderly with many erasures or smudges. |
| Spelling & Grammar | All spelling and grammar are correct. | Most of the words and grammar are spelled correctly. | Some of the words are spelled correctly and some grammars are correct. | Spelling and grammar errors are frequent. |
Assessment
Directions: Read each question carefully. Write the letter of your choice on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What do you call the physical factors such as light, temperature, and moisture that can affect an organism’s life and survival?
- A. Ecosystem
- B. Niche
- C. Biotic environment
- D. Abiotic environment
2. Which of the following sets includes only abiotic factors?
- A. Minerals in soil, plants, rainfall amounts
- B. Plants, animals, average daily temperature
- C. Animals, rainfall amounts, soil composition
- D. Rainfall amount, average daily temperature, minerals in soil
3. Which statement about abiotic components is TRUE?
- A. Abiotic component consists of all living organisms.
- B. Any changes in biotic components greatly affect the abiotic components.
- C. Changes in abiotic factor due to climate change and natural disaster affect the population of organisms.
- D. In a marine ecosystem, abiotic components include salinity, fishes, algae and other aquatic organisms.
4. Which of the following refers to a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment?
- A. Biome
- B. Biosphere
- C. Ecosystem
- D. Environment
5. Which of the following is NOT an example of changes in abiotic factor?
- A. Drought
- B. Flash flood
- C. Temperature
- D. Volcanic Eruption
6. Which of the following is an example of how an abiotic component affects a community?
- A. A fungus infects a population of bats and many dies
- B. A stagnant water in a creek leads to an increase in the frog population.
- C. A beetle from another continent kills a population of trees.
- D. An increase in flies leads to an increase in the swallow population.
7. Water is pumped from a well and used to irrigate a piece of land. What kind of change is this?
- A. Community
- B. Population
- C. Biotic factor
- D. Abiotic factor
8. Which of the following abiotic factors is made up of bits of rocks, water, air, minerals, and the remains of once living things.?
- A. Atmosphere
- B. Soil
- C. Sunlight
- D. Water
9. Which of the following abiotic factors provides living things with Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide and other gases?
- A. Atmosphere
- B. Sunlight
- C. Soil
- D. Water
10. Which of the following scenario shows an ecosystem affected by a change in abiotic factor/s?
I. Two lions are fighting over a fresh kill.
II. Extinction of plants and animals due to wildfires.
III. Plants die because of extreme temperature and lack of rainfall.
IV. Birds sit on a horse’s back and eat the insects that bite the horse.
A. I and II only
B. I and IV only
C. II and III only
D. II, III and IV only
11. Global warming affects many processes in biological ecosystems due to a change in abiotic factor/s. Which of the following changes in natural ecosystems are caused by the ongoing global warming process?
I. Different species of plants and animals change their habitats and geographical areas.
II. Plants and animals become extinct because of climate change and pollution.
III. Some animals hibernate during winter season to survive.
IV. Forest areas dry out and turn into steppes and desserts.
A. I and II only
B. I, II and III only
C. I, II and IV only
D. I, II, III and IV
12. On November 8, 2013, Typhoon Yolanda made its first landfall in the central Philippines, bringing strong winds and heavy rains that have resulted in flooding, landslides, and widespread damage. How does this typhoon affect the ecosystem?
I. Livestock and other domesticated animals suffer when man-made shelters collapse.
II. Typhoons maintains the balance of the ecosystem by providing water to plants and animals.
III. Habitats can be destroyed and farms lose all crops to the winds and flood
A. I and II
B. I and III
C. II and III
D. I, II, and III
For question number 13
Volcanic eruptions can be extremely damaging to the environment, particularly because of several toxic gases present in pyroclastic materials. A Sulphur dioxide causes environmental problems because they are the main cause of acid rain. On a global scale, volcanoes play a role in recycling carbon dioxide from the Earth’s interior to the atmosphere, thus helping maintain the Earth’s natural greenhouse effect and volcanic ash weathers rapidly releases plant nutrients.
13. Volcanic eruption is considered as one of a change in abiotic factor in the ecosystem. Which of the following is/are the effect of volcanic eruptions in the ecosystem?
I. Volcanic eruption can produce fertile soil and plant nutrients excellent for farming.
II. Volcanic eruption causes acid rain which can be harmful to fish and other wildlife.
III. Volcanic eruption occurring close to human settlements may destroy lives and property.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II, and III
14. Human activities have triggered a change in abiotic factor such as climate change, soil erosion, poor air quality, and undrinkable water. Which of the following poses a positive human impact on the ecosystem?
- A. Humans being dependent on coal and fossil fuels for energy.
- B. Cutting of trees to build stores, houses, and other buildings.
- C. Reducing fuel emissions associated with motor vehicles.
- D. Throwing of plastics and other wastes in the river.
15. Which of the following scenario triggers a change in abiotic factors on the ecosystem?
- A. Kyle plants Red Mulberry trees on their farm to attract birds.
- B. John burns their household garbage every week to maintain cleanliness in their area.
- C. Anne conducts a campaign in their community about solid wastes management.
- D. Emma uses bicycle as a mode of transportation in going to school to reduce the use of fossil fuels in the environment.
Additional Activities
Yes, you made it! Below are the changes in the abiotic factors that can possibly affect the population of an organism. Identify the changes in abiotic factors by picking the right words that describe the picture. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper. Let’s start!
- A. Extreme Temperature D. Volcanic Eruption
- B. Flood E. Water Pollution
- C. Soil Erosion F. Wild Fire
[illustration: forest with smoke and fire among tall trees] (1)
[illustration: person standing at the edge of a deep eroded gully] (2)
[illustration: cracked dry ground beside dry grass] (3)
[illustration: polluted water with floating debris] (4)
[illustration: flooded area with a submerged tree and objects in water] (5)
[illustration: volcano erupting with ash plume] (6)
Answer Key
[transcriber’s note: the answer key panels on this page are printed rotated 180 degrees; they are transcribed here in upright reading order]
What’s More
1. Water and Temperature 2. Drought and wildfires can affect the population of organisms. Because of these changes in abiotic factors some animals might lose their habitats as a result, they might become extinct.
What’s New
Air Wind Soil Temperature Water
What I Know
1. D 2. D 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. D 9. D 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B
Assessment
1. D 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B
Additional Activities
1. Wilf fire 2. Soil erosion 3. Extreme temperature 4. Water pollution 5. Flood 6. Volcanic Eruption
What I Have Learned
1. Ecosystem 2. Biotic Factor 3. Abiotic Factor 4. Air 5. Balance 6-7. Water/ Sunlight 8. Soil 9. Temperature 10. Migrate
References
A. Books
Asuncion, Alvie J., Maria Helen D. Catalan, Leticia V. Catris, and Marlene B. Ferido. 2017. Science Learners Material 7. Pasig City: FEP Printing Corporation.
Laurente, Jomar Aries T., Ryan John G. Garcia, Faith Celeste B. Ole, Von Anthony G. Torio, and Arnie C. Osabel. 2015. Science for the 21st Century Learning 7. Makati City: Diwa Learning Systems Inc.
B. Online Resources
A, Vella. Slideshare: Abiotic Components of the Environment. September 9, 2016. https://www.slideshare.net/Antoinevella/abiotic-components-of-theenvironment (accessed June 10, 2020)
S, Nayak. Slideshare: Abiotic Components and Biotic Components. July 31, 2013. https://www.slideshare.net/shreyanshnayak16/abiotic-components24803802 (accessed June 10, 2020)
Sekuhar. Slideshare: Ch 18-1 Abiotic Factors. March 13, 2015. https://www.slideshare.net/sekuhar/ch-181-abiotic-factors (accessed June 10, 2020)
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dead_Sea_Coastal_Erosion_March_2012.JPG
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