This is the Grade 5 English Quarter 3 Module 1 self-learning module, Distinguishing Text Types According to Purpose and Features. It was developed by DepEd Region VIII (First Edition, 2020) for learners studying at home with the help of a parent, facilitator, or teacher. After this module, learners should be able to tell four common text types apart, explain what each is for, and write a paragraph using one of them.
On this page 6 sections
What learners will learn
The module states that learners will be able to:
- distinguish text types such as classification, explanation, enumeration, and recount;
- determine the purpose of the text types; and
- write a paragraph using a particular text type.
What the module covers
The module has one lesson, Lesson 1: Distinguishing Text Types According to Purpose and Features. It follows the usual self-learning module parts:
- What I Know: a pretest with four short texts to identify
- What’s In: matching each text type to its purpose
- What’s New: word puzzles for naming the text type and its signal words
- What Is It: the main discussion with examples
- What’s More: sorting eight topics into the four text types
- What I Have Learned: a summary of the lesson
- What I Can Do: a clippings activity
- Assessment and Additional Activities, followed by the answer key
The four text types at a glance
The module explains that text types are any pieces of writing you read or create, from novels and newspaper reports to recipes and game instructions. Each type has its own purpose and language features.
| Text type | Purpose | Signal words from the module |
|---|---|---|
| Classification | Shows groupings and categories | first, finally, to begin, next, in addition, on the other hand, for example, then |
| Explanation | Shows how things work and why things happen | first, after, then, next, finally |
| Enumeration | Lists ways, types, parts, and other information | the following, first, next, and so on, in many ways, such as |
| Recount | Retells events in the correct time order | then, after |
Classification text
A classification text sorts items or ideas into groups based on what they have in common. The writer gives the overall idea, then splits it into parts. The module’s example sorts dogs into wild or domesticated, by breed (Poodle, Bulldog, Chihuahua), and by role (pet, guard, or hunter). Its signal words are on the other hand, categorized, and classified. Another example groups food into Go Foods (energy, like rice), Grow Foods (body building, like eggs and meat), and Glow Foods (protection from disease, like fruits and vegetables).
Explanation text
An explanation text goes beyond retelling what happened. It tells how or why something happens. It usually opens with a general statement of the topic. The module’s example, “How Does the Rain Form?”, explains that water from oceans, seas, rivers, and lakes evaporates in the sun’s heat, cools and condenses in the sky, and falls back as rain. Another example explains why vitamin C keeps the body healthy.
Enumeration text
An enumeration text lists the kinds, characteristics, parts, ways, or groups of something. It starts with a general subject and breaks it into parts. These may be introduced by signal words or listed one by one. The module’s example lists ways to avoid COVID-19: washing hands regularly, using sanitizer and alcohol, wearing a mask around others, avoiding crowded areas, and observing social distancing.
Recount text
A recount retells an experience or event in the order it happened. It may inform, entertain, reflect, or evaluate. In the module’s example, a child waits for their father to come home to taste the cookies they baked. The words then and after show the time order.
How to use this module
- Learners: Start with the pretest in What I Know, then work through each part in order. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper, not on the module. At the end, answer the Assessment. For Part B, you will write about your first day of school during the pandemic using any of the four text types. Check your work with the answer key honestly.
- Parents and facilitators: Help your child read the example texts aloud and spot the signal words. For What I Can Do, help them find clippings of each text type to paste on bond paper and label.
- Teachers: The What I Can Do, Assessment Part B, and Additional Activities have open answers (“answers vary”), so plan to check these yourself. The Additional Activities ask learners to list their favorite weekend activities and write two to three paragraphs about a day spent doing what they love.
If learners have questions or find a task hard, the module asks them to consult their teacher or facilitator.
Frequently asked questions
What grade and quarter is this module for?
It is for Grade 5 English, Quarter 3, Module 1.
What four text types does the module teach?
Classification, explanation, enumeration, and recount (also called time order). Each one has its own purpose and signal words.
What is the difference between a classification and an enumeration text?
A classification text sorts ideas into groups based on what they have in common, such as wild and domesticated dogs. An enumeration text lists the kinds, parts, or ways of something, such as a list of health protocols.
What is a recount text?
A recount retells an experience or event in the order it happened. Signal words like then and after show the time order.
Does the module have an answer key?
Yes. Answers are given for the pretest, activities, and assessment. The open writing tasks are marked answers vary.
Full text of the module
The text below is a transcription of the PDF above, as printed.
English Quarter 3 – Module 1: Distinguishing Text Types According to Purpose and Features
CO_Q3_English 5_Module1
English – Grade 5 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 3 – Module 1: Distinguishing Text Types According to Purpose and Features First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Mary Clare B. Ignacio
Editors: Rustum D. Geonzon and Jovy Y. Salinas
Reviewers: Josefina F. Dacallos and Mark C. Geraldo
Illustrator: Marilou A. Bacay
Layout Artist: Janssen Louel C. Dabuet and Gibson J. Gayda
Management Team:
Ma. Gemma M. Ledesma
Arnulfo M. Balane
Rosemarie M. Guino
Joy B. Bihag
Ryan R. Tiu
Dean Ric C. Endriano
Carmela R. Tamayo
Moises D. Labian Jr.
Antonio F. Caveiro
Josefina F. Dacallos
Faustino M. Tobes
Rustum D. Geonzon
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Department of Education – Regional No. VIII Office Address: Government Center, Candahug, Palo, Leyte Telefax: 053 – 832-2997 E-mail Address: region8@deped.gov.ph
[transcriber’s note: this page repeats the module cover (the number 5, the title “English / Quarter 3 – Module 1 / Distinguishing Text Types According to Purpose and Features”) and the DepEd logo, so it is not transcribed again]
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
Reading and writing may be very complex. There are lots of different text types that you may encounter while reading a story book you prefer. You may scan pictures on a magazine, write your diary, or read comments and messages on your Facebook account. Text types differ in use and purpose.
In this module, you will learn how each text type works, so have fun exploring and learning new things!
In this module you will learn to:
- distinguish text types such as classification, explanation, enumeration, and recount;
- determine the purpose of the text types; and
- write a paragraph using a particular text type
What I Know
Let’s check what you already know with the lesson. Identify whether the text given is an example of classification, explanation, enumeration, or recount.
| Mammals | Birds | Reptiles | Amphibians | Fish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Have hair or fur Warm-blooded Have a more complex brain than other animals | All birds have wings, although not all birds fly All birds have beaks Have feathers and all birds lay eggs | Their bodies are completely covered with scales They are cold-blooded All species of reptiles have at least one lung | Their skin is smooth and slimy Breath through their skin, as well as their lungs in some cases Carnivores | Swim bladders Water habitat Cold-blooded |
- What is the text about? _______________
- What does the text present? _______________
- What type of text is this? _______________
- Do you want to know what causes tsunami? Let’s look at how the sentences are organized in order to explain what causes tsunami.
WHAT IS A TSUNAMI?
A tsunami is a fast-moving giant wave traveling towards a coastline which can destroy structures and objects along its way. It sometimes happens during a very strong earthquake located out in the sea. Depending on its size, the height of a tsunami may be as tall as an average person or as high as an electric post. No one really knows how big it can grow. A tsunami may also take place during powerful storms such as super typhoons. As strong storms approach, they may push waves to form a tsunami. Because of the destructive power of a tsunami, people must be alert and ready for them.
(Ignacio n.d.)
- What is the text about? ___________
- What does the text present? ____________
- What type of text is this? __________
- Let us study the next paragraph. What is it trying to say or give? Is it giving only a single thing or is it saying more than thing?
What does it take to be able to sing well? Singing is clearly something that everyone can do, but singing well is something that may only be possible for a few people. In order to be able to sing well, one must consider the following: good sense of hearing, beautiful voice, time to practice, good enunciation, and correct emotion. If one element is missing, good singing will remain difficult.
(Ignacio n.d.)
- What is the paragraph about? _________
- What things are enumerated in order to be able to sing well? _________
- What is this text type called? _______________
- Read the text below and answer the following questions.
It is already seven o’clock in the evening. You have been waiting for your father to arrive. You are excited to tell your father about your baked cookies—of course with the help of your mother. Then, suddenly the doorknob creaks and you hurriedly run to the door. After telling him how you’ve made them, he then tastes them, and you are happy just with his facial expression. “You are very good at baking. Now, I am happy to see that you’re learning new things.”
(Ignacio n.d.)
- What text type is presented above? ___________
- How are the details arranged?
- What transitional/signal words used?
Lesson 1 Distinguishing Text Types According to Purpose and Features
What’s In
Text Types and Their Purpose
Directions: Match Column A with Column B. Write the letter of your answer in your notebook.
| Text Type (A) | Purpose (B) |
|---|---|
| _____ 1. Classification | a. shows how things work and why things happen |
| _____ 2. Explanation | b. presents ideas by listing or enumerating the ways, types, and other information |
| _____ 3. Enumeration | c. shows groupings and categories |
| _____ 4. Recount | d. retells events in correct time order |
What’s New
Identify what text types are the given in the texts below by completing the puzzle below each item.
- My first experience in cooking rice was funny. I remember putting four cups of rice in a cauldron or “kaldero” and completely filling it in with a water. Then I left to play outside. When I remember about what I was cooking about an hour later, I was shocked to see and smell something strange in the kitchen.
_____T TEXT
What signal word is used?
- Batibot was a very popular children TV show in the 80’s. Children loved it especially because of its unforgettable characters which include Pong Pagong, Kikong Matsing, Kuya Derms, Noli De Casio, Irma Daldal, Manang Bola, and the curious aliens named Sitsiritsit and Alibangbang.
E_________ TEXT
What signal word is used?
- Why is vitamin C important to the body? People have seen that those who eat a lot of fruits that are rich in Vitamin C are healthier and seldom get sick than those who do not eat them. This is because Vitamin C makes the immune system stronger and protects the body against many diseases.
_______O TEXT
What signal words are used?
- Foods can be classified into three groups based on how they function in the body. These are “Go Foods, Grow Foods, and Glow Foods.” Go Foods provide our body with energy so we can move and work. An example of this is rice. Grow Foods, on the other hand, allow our bodies to build muscles and fats and repair tissues. Eggs and meat are good examples in this type. The third type, Glow Foods, help protect the body against diseases and keep it health. Fruits and vegetables, which are rich in nutrients, belong to Glow Foods.
I_____ TEXT
What are the signal words used?
[transcriber’s note: the puzzle boxes are drawn as grids; the blanks above show the printed letter positions, and the number of blank boxes is approximate]
What Is It
Text types are any pieces of writing that you read or create. These can be anything from novels, newspaper reports, and textbooks to recipes, movie reviews, and game instructions. When you read an advertisement, an email from a friend, or a research article, for example, the kinds of words, phrases, grammatical patterns, writing styles, and structures you encounter differ. In other words, text types differ in features and purpose.
There are different text types that you usually encounter or use. Each one has its own purpose and specific language features. In this module, we will discuss only the four most-commonly used text types: classification, explanation, enumeration, and time order or recount.
A. CLASSIFICATION TEXT
Classification text, also known as text tagging or text categorization, is the process of categorizing text into organized groups. In this type of text, items or ideas are sorted according to commonalities. Also, in this type of text, the writer presents the overall idea then splits it into parts to provide clarity and description.
Readers can recognize classification text through signal words such as: first, finally, to begin, next, in addition, on the other hand, for example, or then.
Study the examples below.
Dogs can be categorized into many groups. Dogs may be wild or domesticated. Wild dogs are those which live independently in their natural habitat like the forest. Domesticated dogs, on the other hand, are those which have been living with humans for generations. Dogs can also be classified by breed like Poodles, Bulldogs, Pomeranian, German Shepherd, Chihuahua, etc. Likewise, dogs may also be considered as a pet, a guard, or even a hunter depending on their breed.
(Ignacio n.d.)
The text presented above is a classification text type.
The details are classified into categories of dogs such as being wild or domesticated, having a particular breed, and serving a specific purpose.
The signal words used are on the other hand, categorized, and classified.
B. EXPLANATION TEXT
Explanation text provides descriptions to looking at things like causes and reasons. They move beyond retelling of what happened, such as in a simple report, to address the why and how of what happened.
Explanatory texts usually tell how or why things occur with a general statement that introduces the topic to be explored Time connectives used such as first, after, then, next, and finally.
Study the example below.
HOW DOES THE RAIN FORM?
Have you ever asked yourself where rain comes from? Rain is actually part of the water cycle. We see rain falling from rainclouds. But rain doesn’t really come from them.
Let us see how rain forms. At first, we have a very huge body of water from the oceans, seas, rivers, and lakes. Water from these sources evaporate because of the sun’s heat. As it reaches the sky, the water cools and condenses into rain or snow. When all the water gets heavy enough, it starts falling back into the earth in the form of rain. The rainwater is then collected at the rivers and oceans, and the cycle starts again.
(Ignacio n.d.)
The text presented above is an explanation text type.
The details are presented in a series of sentences that explains why and how the rain forms.
C. ENUMERATION TEXT
Enumeration text is one which presents ideas by listing the kinds, characteristics, classes, types, parts, ways, groups, and other information of a certain thing. It usually starts with the statement of the general subject that is broken down into parts, classes, etc.
These parts are introduced by signal words such as the following, first, next, and so on; or they may be listed using commas or enumerated one by one like what is shown in the example below.
There are actually many ways by which people can avoid getting sick with COVID 19. All they need to do is to get serious in following the health protocols or practices that ensure the protection of the community and prevention of the disease. These activities include:
✓ Washing hands regularly ✓ Using sanitizer and alcohol often ✓ Wearing mask in places in the presence of other people ✓ Avoiding crowded areas ✓ Observing social distancing
[transcriber’s note: the text layer of this page also lists “English textbook, Joy in Learning English p. 273” and “(Place this inside the box.)”, but these lines do not appear on the rendered page and are not transcribed]
D. RECOUNT TEXT
When the text presents events that are arranged in their order of occurrence in time, this text is called recount.
A recount retells an experience or an event that happened in the past. A recount may inform, entertain, reflect, or evaluate.
A recount may focus on a specific section of an event or retell the entire story. A recount should always be told in the order that things happened.
Study the example below.
It is already seven o’clock in the evening. You have been waiting for your father to arrive. You are excited to tell your father about your baked cookies—of course with the help of your mother. Then, suddenly the doorknob creaks and you hurriedly run to the door. After telling him how you have made them, he then tastes them, and you are happy just with his facial expression. “You are very good at baking. Now, I am happy to see that you’re learning new things.”
(Ignacio n.d.)
The text type presented above is a recount text.
The details are arranged in chronological order.
The transitional/signal words used are then and after.
What’s More
Directions: Complete the table below by writing in the appropriate column the texts listed in the box.
- How climate affects the environment
- An unforgettable experience
- Types of orchids
- The importance of values education
- Kinds of musical instrument
- Parts of the digestive system
- My first day in school
- Ingredients for baking a cake
| TEXT TYPES: Classification text | Explanation text | Enumeration text | Recount text |
|---|---|---|---|
What I Have Learned
Texts are written for a variety of forms and purposes. These forms of writing are known as text types. This module discusses four text types such as classification, enumeration, explanation, and recount.
Classification text, also known as text tagging or text categorization, is the process of categorizing text into organized groups. In this type of text, items or ideas are sorted according to commonalities. Also, in this type of text, the writer presents the overall idea then split it into parts to provide clarity and description.
Readers can recognize classification text through signal words such as: first, finally, to begin, next, in addition, on the other hand, for example, or then.
Explanatory text provides descriptions to looking at things like causes and reasons. They move beyond retelling of what happened, such as in a simple report, to address the why and how of what happened.
Explanatory texts usually tell how or why things occur with a general statement that introduces the topic to be explored. Time connectives used are first, after, then, next, and finally.
Enumeration text is one which presents ideas by listing the kinds, characteristics, classes, types, parts, ways, groups, and other information of a certain thing. These parts are introduced by signal words such as the following, first, next, and so on, in many ways, and such as.
Recount text presents series of events that happened in the past or present in a chronological order. A recount retells an experience or an event that happened in the past. A recount may inform, entertain, reflect, or evaluate.
Now that you already know the difference between text types, always remember the transitional/signal words that may be used to show order, steps, sequence, list, and classification. These includes first, second, third, next, then, before, finally, after, during, thus, meanwhile, most importantly, in addition, in many ways, such as, etc.
Keep learning and have fun!
What I Can Do
Gather some clippings showing examples of the four different text types. Paste these on a sheet of bond paper then label with the correct text type.
Assessment
A. Directions: Read the text and complete the table that follows.
- The first thing I do when I walk my dog is put on its comfortable leash. Then, we walk out the door after settling down all the necessary things that we need. Next, I decide the route to take from one place to another. Finally, we spend time walking together.
| Type of text | |
|---|---|
| How the details are arranged | |
| Transitional/signal words used |
- The water cycle describes how water moves through Earth’s land, oceans, and atmosphere. For example, water always exists in all three places in different forms. It is found in lakes and rivers, glaciers and ice sheets, oceans, and seas. It is also present underground. It is a gas in the air and clouds.
| Type of text | |
|---|---|
| How the details are arranged | |
| Transitional/signal words used |
B. Directions: Following any of the four text types, write about your first day of school experience during the pandemic.
Additional Activities
Directions: Complete the tasks below. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
- Make a list of your favorite things to do on weekends.
- In two to three paragraphs, write on how you spend your day doing what you love to do.
Answers Key
What I Know
- The text is all about kinds of animals. The text presents different groups of animals. It is classification.
- The text is about a tsunami. The text explains what causes a tsunami. It is an explanation.
- The text is about being able to sing well. Good sense of hearing, beautiful voice, time to practice, good enunciation, and correct emotion. It is an enumeration.
- Recount. Chronological or time order. Then, after.
What’s In
- c
- a
- b
- d
What’s New
- Recount, then
- Enumeration, which include
- Explanation, why, this is because
- Classification, classified into, groups, third type, on the other hand
What’s More
CLASSIFICATION TEXT
- Types of orchids
- Kinds of musical instrument
EXPLANATION TEXT
- How climate affects the environment
- The importance of values education
EXPLANATION TEXT
- Parts of the digestive system
- Ingredients for baking a cake
EXPLANATION TEXT
- An unforgettable experience
- My first day in school
[transcriber’s note: the rotated answer key prints the heading EXPLANATION TEXT above both the digestive system and baking items, and a separate block above the two recount items; the headings and their placement are transcribed as they appear on the rotated page]
What I Can Do
Answers vary.
Assessment
A.
Type of text: Recount
- How the details are arranged: Time/ chronological order
- Transitional/signal words used: first, then, next, after, finally
Type of text: Explanation
- How the details are arranged: Arranged according to location r places where water is found
- Transitional/signal words used: For example
B. Answers vary.
Additional Activities
Answers vary.
References
“Myworksheets.Com -&Nbspthis Website Is For Sale! -&Nbspmyworksheets Resources And Information.”. 2021. Myworksheets.Com. Accessed May 18. http://www.myworksheets.com/language%20arts/sequence/ver1.
“Story Sequence | Classroom Strategy | Reading Rockets”. 2021. Reading Rockets. Accessed May 18. https://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/story_sequence.
“Text Types And Purposes – Central Rivers AEA”. 2021. Central Rivers AEA. Accessed May 18. https://www.centralriversaea.org/curriculum/literacy/text-types-purposes/.
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)
Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985
Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph
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