English 5 Quarter 1 Module 2 Lesson 2: Inferring the Meaning of Words with Affixes Using Context Clues

English Quarter 1 – Module 2 Lesson 2: Inferring the Meaning of Words with Affixes Using Context Clues

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English – Grade 5 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 2, Lesson 2: Inferring the Meaning of Words with Affixes Using Context Clues First Edition, 2020

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Writer: Joel V. Tapil Editors: Rustum D. Geonzon, Ramil R. Magdua, Dean Ric M. Endriano, and Maria Celeste L. Vincoy Reviewers: Mailyn D. Labine, Airra Mae A. Dacut, and Sherry Mae O. Somooc Illustrators: Leovin G. Labian and Mery Ezel C. Guande Layout Artists: Janssen Louel C. Dabuet and Gibson J. Gayda

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Carmela R. Tamayo
Moises D. Labian Jr.
Antonio F. Caveiro
Josefina F. Dacallos
Faustino M. Tobes
Rustum D. Geonzon

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English Quarter 1 – Module 2 Lesson 2: Inferring the Meaning of Words with Affixes Using Context Clues

Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) has been created so that you can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pretests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. These will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the posttest to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Good luck and happy learning!

What I Need to Know

In this module, you will learn how to infer the meaning of unfamiliar words (affixes) based on given context clues (synonyms, antonyms, word parts) and other strategies.

Specifically, you will learn to:

1. define and describe affixes;
2. identify words formed by affixes; and
3. infer the meaning of words that contain affixes with the help of context clues (synonyms, antonyms, word parts) and other strategies.

What I Know

Directions: Read each sentence carefully. Try to identify the meaning of the underlined word with the help of the context clues in the sentence. Write only the letter which corresponds to the correct answer in your notebook.

1. Many kings and emperors in the olden times were untouchable. Despite the cruelty people suffer, nobody wanted to say anything against them out of fear. To be untouchable means __________.
   a. afflicted with an incurable disease
   b. cannot be criticized or talked about
   c. hidden in their chambers
   d. possessing a very fair and sensitive skin

   
   

2. Playing some games in your smart phone for long periods of time can cause some fatigue and discomfort.
   a. sleepless nights
   b. hallucination
   c. slight pain
   d. nice feeling

   
   

3. Do you know why some old people want to keep a list of things they need to do during the day? The list serves as their constant reminder in case they forget. A reminder is __________.
   a. something that helps a person remember
   b. a set of guidelines that people need to follow
   c. a signal that tells you to do something
   d. something that stands for another thing

   
   

4. When I tried calling up my friend who went out for some hiking on the mountains, he was already unreachable.
   a. very rich and famous
   b. out of phone coverage
   c. very far
   d. gone

   
   

5. Aga Mulach’s “Miracle in Cell No. 7” is a remake of a South Korean film bearing the same title.
   a. pirated version of the original movie
   b. movie downloaded from the internet
   c. stage play adapted from a movie
   d. movie that has been filmed again

   
   

Did you get all items correctly? How did you figure them out? Did something help you find the correct answer? Great! Now, let’s do the next activity.

Lesson 2: Inferring the Meaning of Words with Affixes Using Context Clues

What’s In

Activity 1

Directions: Study this puzzle and match two words that are related to each other. The first pair of related words has been identified as an example. Write your answers in your notebook.

[chart: word puzzle; Activity 1 word boxes] Words in the puzzle: Beauty; Undesirable; International; Permit; Nation; Beautiful; Color; Rebuilding; Discoloration; Build; Permissible; Desire; Internet.

Example: Color – Discoloration

1. _____ – _____
2. _____ – _____
3. _____ – _____
4. _____ – _____
5. _____ – _____

Activity 2

Directions: Were you able to match the words? What was your basis in matching the words? Are they related? Do they have something in common? Complete the paragraph by using the words given below to clarify this point.

In the puzzle, the words were matched according to a similarity or likeness in their word structure or (1) _____. Each of the (2) _____ words being matched shares a common base word or root word. One of the words is (3) _____ while the other is much longer. It appears that the shorter word or the root becomes longer when something is (4) _____ to it. The new word parts may be added at the beginning or at the (5) _____ of the word. There is something about these new, added word parts that I should know more.

• added
• pattern
• unfamiliar
• shorter
• end
• two

What’s New

Activity 1

Directions: Read the selection and take note of the underlined words.

Tarangban Falls

by Joel V. Tapil

Calbayog City is known to be “The City of Waterfalls” in the island of Samar. Because of its charming waterfalls, even the local excursionists love to visit the place over and over again.

The majestic view of Tarangban Falls stood out among the falls. It is located in the mountainous area of Brgy. Tinaplacan, Calbayog City. The breathtaking view of Tarangban Falls can be found upon trekking over a steep hill for 45 minutes or an hour depending on your fitness – and that will surely make you sweat. It is best to

trek when the sun is out, since it is slippery during rainy season. Locals will assist you and lead you to this place. It is one of a kind, as the water rushes down directly where you could actually shower beneath it. Upon enjoying the panoramic view, you will also be mesmerized by the beauty of its landscape and love the natural massage from the cold and fresh waterfalls. For adventure-seekers, hike to the top of Tarangban Falls and enjoy the circular pond where you can go swimming and even diving.

Activity 2

Directions: You may have noticed some underlined words in the selection. Do you know what they mean? Which of the choices has the same meaning as the underlined word? In your notebook, write only the letter which corresponds to your answer.

1. charming – a. lovely b. popular c. expensive
2. excursionists – a. motorists b. tourists c. scientists
3. majestic – a. low b. magnificent c. shabby
4. mountainous – a. hilly b. bottom c. dark
5. breathtaking – a. amazing b. boring c. ugly
6. trekking – a. hiking b. biking c. staying
7. directly – a. opposite b. indirectly c. straight
8. panoramic – a. wide b. awesome c. distant
9. mesmerized – a. turned off b. disgusted c. fascinated
10. natural – a. foreign b. different c. common

What Is It

Your knowledge about words will get wider and deeper as you study more about things. The words you have encountered in the previous activities include words that have been formed by affixes.

An affix is added to the root of a word to change its meaning. An affix added to the front of a word is known as a prefix, while the one added to the back is known as a suffix. Sometimes, a word may have both a prefix and a suffix at the same time. It is also common to see prefixes which are hyphenated. To illustrate, here are examples of affixes:

[chart: diagram; Affix (Prefix and Suffix)] impassable prefix (a type of affix) suffix (a type of affix)

Easy Examples of Affixes

Here are some examples of affixes:

• incapable (The affix is the prefix in.)
• ex-President (The affix is the prefix ex-.)
• laughing (The affix is the suffix -ing.)

Real-Life Examples of Affixes

The four most common prefixes are dis-, in-, re-, and un-. (These account for over 95% of prefixed words.) Here they are in some short quotations.

• He has all of the virtues I dislike and none of the vices I admire. (Prime Minister Winston Churchill)
• I inspire myself. (American actor Tommy Wiseau)
• May your choices reflect your hopes, not your fears. (South African President Nelson Mandela)
• What consumes your mind controls your life. (Unknown philosopher)

The four most common suffixes are -ed, -ing, -ly, and -es. (These account for over 95% of suffixed words.) Here they are in some short quotations.

• Normality is a paved road: it’s comfortable to walk but no flowers grow. (Artist Vincent van Gogh)
• Wanting to be someone else is a waste of who you are. (Singer Kurt Cobain)
• To live will be an awfully big adventure. (Peter Pan)
• Many foxes grow gray but few grow good. (“The First American” Benjamin Franklin)

A List of Common Prefixes

Here is a list of common prefixes with some examples:

Prefix	Meaning	Example
a-, an-	without	amoral, atypical
ante-	before	antecedent, antenatal
anti-	against	anti-establishment
auto-	self	autopilot
circum-	around	circumvent
co-	with	co-conspirator, co-pilot
com-, con-	with	companion, contact
contra-	against	contradiction
de-	off	delist, devalue
dis-	not	disappear
en-	put into	enclose, envelop
ex-	out of, former	extract, ex-governor
extra-	beyond, more than	extracurricular

[transcriber’s note: table continued from the previous page]

Prefix	Meaning	Example
hetero-	different	heterosexual
homo-	same	homonym, homophone
hyper-	over, more	hyperactive
il-, im-, in-, ir-	not, without	illegal, impractical, inconsiderate, irresponsible
in-	into	insert
inter-	between	internet, intersection,
intra-	inside	intranet, intravenous
macro-	large	macronutrients
micro-	small	microscope
mono-	one	monocle
non-	not, without	nonentity, nonstarter,
omni-	all, every	omnipresent, omniscient
post-	after	post-mortem
pre-, pro-	before, forward	precede, project
sub-	under	submarine, substandard
syn-	same time	synchronize
super-	above	supervisor, superhuman
trans-	across	transmit
tri-	three	tripod, triceratops

[transcriber’s note: table continued from the previous page]

Prefix	Meaning	Example
un-	not	undone, unfinished,
uni-	one	unicorn, unilaterally

A List of Common Suffixes

Here is a list of common suffixes with some examples:

Suffix	Meaning	Example
-able, -ible	can be done	comfortable, passable
-al, -ial	having the characteristics of	personal
-ed	past-tense verbs (weak verbs)	danced, jumped
-en	made of	golden, wooden
-er	comparative	tidier, nicer
-er, -or	one who	actor, narrator, worker
-est	superlative	nicest, greatest
-ful	full or full of	cupful, careful
-ic	having characteristics of	linguistic, sarcastic
-ing	verb form (present participle and gerund)	dancing, singing
-ion, -tion, -ation, ition	act or process	attraction, attrition
-ity, -ty	state of	humility, infinity
-ive, -ative, itive	adjective form of a noun	expensive, plaintive

[transcriber’s note: table continued from the previous page]

Suffix	Meaning	Example
-less	without	topless, fearless
-ly	adverb ending	nicely, quickly
-ment	action or process	enjoyment, entrenchment
-ness	state of, condition of	eagerness, kindness
-ous, -eous, -ious	possessing the qualities of	erroneous, joyous
-s, -es	plural	tables, foxes
-y	characterized by	fatty, happy, jumpy

If you still can’t figure out the meaning of the new words through the word structure that contain affixes, there are context clues that can always help you. Context clues are the surrounding words used in the same sentence or nearby sentences that give you an idea of what the unfamiliar words actually mean. In the previous activities, context clues helped you identify your answers. These clues may give a synonym, an antonym, an illustration, or simply some examples of an event.

What’s More

Activity 1

Directions: Study each sentence carefully. See if you can find words that contain affixes. Write the word in your notebook.

1. The coronavirus is a deadly disease.
2. There are those who dislike to be vaccinated.
3. Let us all be prayerful and strong against COVID-19.
4. People are still doubtful about the existence of the virus.
5. The new variant of COVID-19 is spreading the country.

Activity 2

Directions: Now that you can recognize affixes, figure out the meaning of the underlined word to which an affix is added. Use also other strategies such as context clues to further unlock its meaning. Write only the letter which corresponds to the correct answer in your notebook.

1. Arvin was unresponsive to the doctor’s question because he was embarrassed to tell the truth.
   • a. not acting
   • b. not moving
   • c. not listening
   • d. not reacting
2. When Rita regained her consciousness, she saw people surrounding her bed.
   • a. sight
   • b. strength
   • c. composure
   • d. awareness
3. He could never forget his painful encounter with bullies.
   • a. aching
   • b. exciting
   • c. unpleasant
   • d. violent
4. The boxer was disqualified because he was overweight.
   • a. The boxer’s weight exceeded the maximum weight for the fight.
   • b. The boxer has underlying health issues because of his weight.
   • c. The boxer has consumed a heavy meal prior to the fight.
   • d. The boxer’s belly grew bigger because he became fat.
5. Harry doesn’t talk much. He is a very reserved person.
   • a. proud
   • b. silent
   • c. selective
   • d. indifferent

What I Have Learned

• Affixes are word parts that are added to a base word to make a new word. They carry their own special meanings and they can change the meanings of the original words to which they are added.
• There are two types of affixes: prefixes and suffixes.
• Prefixes are affixes that are added at the beginning of the base or root word, while suffixes are those that are added at the end of the base or root word.
• A prefix and a suffix may be added to one base word at the same time.
• To unlock the meaning of new and unfamiliar words, context clues may be used.
• Context clues are hints implied in the sentence/s where they appear. They help the reader understand unfamiliar words without the use of a dictionary.
• Context clues may be presented by means of word structures, synonyms, antonyms, illustrations, or even examples.

What I Can Do

Directions: Give the meaning of the underlined words using context clues. Write only the letter which corresponds to your answer in your notebook.

1. I still can’t believe that I do act childish sometimes!
   • a. good-looking
   • b. clueless
   • c. immature
2. Window cleaners on high-rise buildings can’t be careless or they might fall.
   • a. daring
   • b. negligent
   • c. sleepy
3. It is irresponsible for us to share unverified information because it still needs confirmation.
   • a. unconfirmed
   • b. unknown
   • c. untrue
4. To say that the movie “Once Upon a Time” was good is an understatement. In fact, it was great!
   • a. information that intentionally hides the truth
   • b. statement that makes something less than what it is
   • c. words that are designed to insult and belittle somebody
5. Renz Angelo was a generally unpopular choice to be the basketball team captain and I don’t like him either.
   • a. not liked
   • b. unknown
   • c. confusing

Assessment

Directions: Below is a selection that features some words formed by affixes. These words that contain the affixes have been underlined to test you if you can figure out their meanings using context clues. Read the selection carefully, then identify the meanings of the underlined words using the choices given below the selection. Write only the letter which corresponds to the correct answer on your answer sheet.

Darna is a (1)fictional Filipino comics superheroine created by (2)writer Mars Ravelo and artist Nestor Redondo. The character’s first (3)appearance was in Pilipino Komiks (Ace Publications, Inc) #77 on May 13, 1950. Darna is a (4)retooling of Ravelo’s earlier character, Varga, whose stories he wrote and (5)illustrated himself. This character first appeared in Bulaklak Magazine, Volume 4, #17 on July 23, 1947. Ravelo left Bulaklak Magazine due to differences with the publication’s editors. One of the most popular Filipino superheroes, Darna has appeared in many films and several television series through the decades which have far (6)overshadowed her actual comic’s tenure. The 2003 Mango Comics miniseries (7)revealed that Darna is a deceased extraterrestrial warrior (8)magically manifesting herself through a woman from Earth named Narda who summons her by shouting her name. As Darna, she stands up for those who cannot fend for themselves. She fights against common criminals as well as greater forces of evil, like the (9)famous snake–haired supervillain Valentina. She is often accompanied by her younger brother Ding. Several alternate versions of Darna have been characterized over the years.

Darna’s appearance is distinctive and (10)iconic: she usually wears a red bikini or shorts with a gold star in each brassiere cap; red helmet with ruby encrusted gold winged medallion belt with a loincloth in the middle; and red boots. Darna is widely considered as a Filipino cultural icon and the most celebrated superhero character in the Philippines. Source: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darna

1. fictional – a. imaginary b. natural c. animated
2. writer – a. author b. encoder c. director
3. appearance – a. photograph b. departure c. coming
4. retooling – a. copying b. breaking c. destroying
5. illustrated – a. drawn b. complicated c. hidden
6. overshadowed – a. failed b. eclipsed c. forgotten
7. revealed – a. hid b. confessed c. kept
8. magically – a. ordinarily b. enchantingly c. normally
9. famous – a. rich b. admired c. well-known
10. iconic – a. exemplary b. ugly c. funny

Additional Activities

Directions: Scan some articles for words formed by affixes and find five examples of such words. Copy the sentence where a word formed by an affix or affixes appears and underline it. To help you see how you write the answers, an example has been given below.

Example:

War of the Worlds features how a band of survivors finally defeated a race of aliens who almost conquered the planet.

1. 
   
2. 
   
3. 
   
4. 
   
5. 
   

Answer Key

What I Know

1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. D

What’s In

Activity 1

(In any order)

• Permissible – Permit
• Beautiful – Beauty
• International – Nation
• Desire – Undesirable
• Rebuilding – Build

Activity 2

1. pattern
2. two
3. shorter
4. added
5. end

What’s New

Activity 2

1. A
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. A
6. A
7. C
8. A
9. C
10. C

What’s More

Activity 1

1. deadly
2. dislike
3. prayerful
4. doubtful
5. spreading

Activity 2

1. D
2. D
3. C
4. A
5. B

What I Can Do

1. C
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. A

Assessment

1. A
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. A
6. B
7. B
8. B
9. C
10. A

References

Affix | What are Affixes. Accessed on August 1, 2021, https://www.grammarmonster.com/glossary/affixes.htm

“Darna,” Wikipedia – The Free Encyclopedia. Accessed on July 27, 2021, https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darna

Thesaurus. Accessed on July 28, 2021, https://www.thesaurus.com

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