This is the Empowerment Technologies Quarter 1 Module 6 self-learning module, “Imaging and Design for Visual Message Using Infographics.” It is a Senior High School Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) module from DepEd National Capital Region, First Edition, 2020, with one lesson: Principles of Visual Message Design Using Infographics. It teaches learners what infographics are, which graph fits which kind of data, and how to build and style a chart in Microsoft Excel.
What learners will learn
The module is built on this learning competency:
- Use image manipulation techniques on existing images to change or enhance their current state to communicate a message for a specific purpose (CS_ICT11/12-ICTPT-Ie-f)
After the module, learners are expected to:
- understand infographics or similar graphs and their importance in showing information;
- identify which infographic or graph is most appropriate for a particular set of information; and
- create infographics or similar graphs using a spreadsheet application.
What infographics are and why they matter
The module explains that “infographics” is a portmanteau, or combination, of the words information and graphics. Pictures and images can carry a lot of information, especially when they have context. The opening activity, “Two Pictures, One Word,” shows this: learners look at pairs of pictures (for example, a sun and a pair of sunglasses) and figure out the word they represent.
The module’s sample infographic is a bar graph of population figures from 1945 to 2015. The bars and a trend line let the reader see the change at a glance. The key point: the main purpose of an infographic is to engage the audience and make understanding easier. Infographics are not meant just to make a document look attractive. They are graphical elements that help an idea be understood quickly and easily.
Types of graphs and charts
Graphs and charts represent data, mostly numbers, through graphics. Which one to use depends on what you want to show.
| Graph or chart | Best used for |
|---|---|
| Bar graph | Comparing sets of data, showing the difference between values and the rate of change over time |
| Line graph | Similar to a bar graph, but better for showing trends |
| Pie chart | Showing proportion or percentage in a circle |
| Forest graph | Showing values within a group and comparing them with other groups |
| Radial graph | Similar to a forest graph, but presented in a circle |
Creating an infographic in Excel
The module walks learners through making a chart from a sample table of monthly sales, January to December.
- Create a document named “Sales Data” on the desktop, and save often with Ctrl + S.
- Copy the sales data into the worksheet, with the months in row 1 and the values in row 2.
- Drag select cells A1 to L2: click A1, hold Shift, then click L2.
- On the ribbon, click Insert, then in the Charts section pick a chart, such as Insert Column Chart.
- In the 2-D Column section, choose Clustered Column.
- To rename the chart, double-click its title and type the new name.
- To resize it, click the chart and drag any of the eight handles on its edges.
- To move it, click and drag the chart to where you want it.
- To use it in another Microsoft Office application, copy with Ctrl + C and paste with Ctrl + V.
The module notes that renaming, resizing, and moving were covered earlier, in Module 2.2, “Working with Spreadsheets.”
Formatting the graph for your audience
A graph should suit its target audience. To change its look, select the graph so that Chart Tools appears on the ribbon, with the Design and Format tabs. Under Design, click More in the Chart Styles section to see many chart styles. The module uses Style 14 as a demonstration, but learners are encouraged to try each style and compare them.
Activities in the module
- Activity 1.1 Two Pictures, One Word: guess the word shown by each of five picture pairs.
- Activity 1.2 Graph the Data: in groups of five, create an Excel file named “ICT in the Philippines Data” with two tabs, and graph the given population and percentage data.
- What I Have Learned: explain the importance of infographics and which graph works best for showing change over time.
- Activity 1.3 Survey Graphing: survey at least 25 people on their favorite color (red, yellow, blue, green, violet, or orange), record the results in a “Data” tab, and make a bar graph in a “Graph” tab of a file named “Color Survey Data and Graph.”
- Additional Activity, Graphing the Graph: make a line graph from the same survey data, ask at least 10 people which graph is better for comparing data, graph their answers in a pie chart, and write up the findings in a Word document named “Graph Survey.”
How to use this module
- Learners: Start with the pretest (What I Know) to check what you already know. Work through the parts in order, and write all answers on a separate sheet of paper, not on the module. Finish with the 15-item multiple-choice Assessment, then check your work with the answer key at the end. Be honest when using the key.
- Parents: You will need a computer with Microsoft Excel for the graphing tasks. Help your child run the color survey with family and neighbors, and contact the teacher if your child has trouble with a task.
- Teachers and facilitators: Activity 1.2 is a group task of five learners. The survey activities produce Excel and Word files that can be collected as outputs. Some Assessment items review spreadsheet skills such as formulas and the Formula Bar from earlier modules.
Frequently asked questions
What grade and quarter is this Empowerment Technologies module for?
It is a Senior High School Quarter 1 module, Module 6. Its competency code (CS_ICT11/12-ICTPT-Ie-f) shows it is for Grade 11 or Grade 12 Empowerment Technologies.
What does infographics mean?
Infographics is a combination of the words information and graphics. It means presenting information through graphics like charts and graphs so that it is engaging and easier to understand.
Which graph is best for showing trends?
The module says line graphs are more suitable for showing trends. Bar graphs are mainly for comparing sets of data, and pie charts show proportions or percentages.
How do you make a chart in Excel according to the module?
Select the data cells (for example A1 to L2), go to the Insert tab, choose a chart in the Charts section, such as Clustered Column under 2-D Column, then rename, resize, and style it as needed.
Does the module have an answer key?
Yes. The answer key for the pretest (What I Know) and the 15-item Assessment is at the end of the module.
Full text of the module
The text below is a transcription of the PDF above, as printed.
Empowerment Technologies Quarter 1- Module 6: Imaging and Design for Visual Message Using Infographics
[illustration: cover art of students studying outdoors and indoors with a teacher, a globe, and a child reading by a lamp]
CO_Q1_Empowerment Technologies SHS Module 6
Empowerment Technologies
Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1- Module 6: Imaging and Design for Visual Message Using Infographics First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writers: Kiel Ajello Z. Pecjo Editor: Lorena J. Mutas Reviewers: June Rose A. Estrada Illustrator: Kiel Ajello Z. Pecjo Layout Artist: Kiel Ajello Z. Pecjo Management Team: Malcom S. Garma, Director IV Genia V. Santos, CLMD Chief Dennis M. Mendoza, Regional EPS In Charge of LRMS Micah S. Pacheco, Regional ADM Coordinator Loida O. Balasa, CID Chief Grace R. Nieves, Division EPS In Charge of LRMS Lorena J. Mutas, Division ADM Coordinator
Printed in the Philippines by
Department of Education – National Capital Region Office Address: Misamis St., Bago Bantay, Quezon City
Telefax: 02-929-0153 E-mail Address: depedncr@deped.gov.ph
Empowerment Technologies Quarter 1 – Module 6: Imaging and Design for Visual Message Using Infographics
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check you’re learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
I can’t transcribe pages 5 to 8 yet because they aren’t in this message. The attachment contains only four page images, labeled 1 to 4, and they show the module’s first four pages (the title page, “What I Need to Know,” “What I Know,” and the start of Lesson 1). Nothing from pages 5 to 8 came through.
Please re-upload the PDF pages 5 to 8 of the module. Once I have their images, I’ll transcribe them as Markdown with page markers <!-- page 5 --> through <!-- page 8 -->, following the same conventions as before.
What’s New
Activity 1.1 Two Pictures, One Word
With each item in the table below, figure out what each pair of images represent. Write your answer on a separate Answer Sheet.
| No. | First image | Second image |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | [illustration: flame] | [illustration: silhouette of a standing person] |
| 2 | [illustration: sun] | [illustration: pair of sunglasses] |
| 3 | [illustration: heart] | [illustration: letter L] |
| 4 | [illustration: pair of eyes] | [illustration: jar of cream] |
| 5 | [illustration: star] | [illustration: fish] |
[transcriber’s note: the numbers 3 and 4 are printed at the top right of the cells for items 1 and 2 in the picture; the pairs above follow the item numbers.]
What is It
Infographics is the portmanteau or combination of the words ‘information’ and ‘Graphics’, meaning, information from graphics. Like what you did with the activity earlier, graphics, pictures and images can convey a lot of information especially when it has context. Infographics can greatly enhance the way you present your information. (see Figure 2.1)
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1945 | 70,024 |
| 1955 | 80,032 |
| 1965 | 99,209 |
| 1995 | 126,630 |
| 2005 | 123,639 |
| 2015 | 110,095 |
[chart: bar graph with a dashed trend line; Figure 2.1: Sample Infographic, a Bar Graph] Vertical axis labels: 0, 50,000, 100,000, 150,000. Horizontal axis labels: 1945, 1955, 1965, 1995, 2005, 2015. Values are not labeled on the chart.
As seen in Figure 2.1, the graph through the use of shapes and lines, gives the reader a visual interpretation of the data. The main purpose of an infographic is to engage and to make understanding easier. Remember that infographics are not used to make documents more appealing, but the use of graphical elements that will improve how quickly and easily an idea or information is presented.
Graphs and Charts as Infographics
Graphs and charts are representation of data (mostly numeric) through graphics. There are many types of charts. Their uses depend on what you want to show or report. The following are some of the charts and their uses.
Bar graphs – These are primarily used in comparing sets of data. They visualize the difference between values in a table and show rate of change over time. (Figure 2.1 is an example of a Bar graph)
Line graphs – These are similar with bar graphs in terms of use, with a difference that line graphs are more suitable in showing trends.
Pie charts – These are circular statistical graphical representation of proportion or percentage.
Forest graphs – These graphs are used to visually represent values within a group and compare them to other groups.
Radial graphs – These are similar to a forest graph in many aspects but are presented using a circle.
[chart: forest graph (left) and radial graph (right); Figure 2.2: Forest and Radial Graph] Forest graph labels: A, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, B, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 (as printed in the boxes). Radial graph labels: A, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, B, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 (as printed around the rings; the smallest labels are [?]). Legend: A, B.
Creating Infographics using Excel
- In your desktop, create a document named ‘Sales Data’. (Always remember to save your progress by pressing Ctrl + S.)
[chart: sample sales table; Figure 2.3: Sample Sales Table]
| January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,000 | 4,100 | 4,030 | 5,200 | 6,600 | 9,320 | 8,560 | 9,420 | 7,530 | 10,190 | 11,900 | 13,010 |
[transcriber’s note: the spreadsheet shows column letters A to L above the cells and January to December in row 1, with the values in row 2.]
In your work area, copy the set of data. (see Figure 2.3)
Drag select A1 to L2, then in the ribbon press Insert then in the charts section, click the desired chart. For example, click Insert Column Chart or Area Chart. (See Figure 2.4)
NOTE: Drag Selection You drag select by clicking on the first cell then while pressing shift, click the second cell specified. Particularly in this example, click on A1 then press shift and L2.
[illustration: Excel ribbon showing the Insert tab and the Charts group; callouts 1 (Insert tab) and 2 (Insert Column or Bar Chart button)]
Figure 2.4: Inserting a Chart
- A dropdown window will appear as seen in Figure 2.5, in the 2-D Column section, select Clustered Column. It will create a graph as seen in Figure 2.6.
[illustration: chart type dropdown showing the 2-D Column options with the Clustered Column tooltip; Figure 2.5: Line Graph Selection]
To rename, double click the name of the graph then type the “Sale Rending Graph” (Steps 5 to 7 are already tackled in earlier modules. You may refer to Module 2.2 “Working with Spreadsheets” for more detailed instructions)
To resize, click the graph then click and drag any of the eight handles in the edges of the graph.
To reposition the graph, click and drag the graph to the desired position.
You can copy and paste the graph to other Microsoft Office application. To copy press Ctrl + C then press Ctrl + V to paste.
[chart: sample column chart; Figure 2.6: Sample Column Chart] Chart title: Chart Title. Vertical axis labels: 0, 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000, 10000, 12000, 14000. Horizontal axis labels: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December. Values are not labeled on the chart.
Infographic Image and Graphical Formatting
The visual preference of people when it comes to gathering data must not be discounted. When making an infographic specifically a graph, it is necessary it is tailored to our target audience. In MS excel there are options in editing, manipulating and formatting visual elements in our graph.
Design Tools
- To access the Chart Tools where Design and Format Menu tools can be found you must first select any Graph that you want to edit. In the ribbon. The said Menu tools will be available as seen on figure 2.7
[illustration: Chart Tools contextual tab showing the TEAM, DESIGN and FORMAT tabs; Figure 2.7: Chart Tools]
- Click on Design, In the Chart Styles section click More (as seen on figure 2.8). It will expand and display multiple Chart Styles options as seen on Figure 2.9.
[illustration: Chart Styles gallery with the More button marked; Figure 2.8: More button]
[illustration: expanded gallery of Multiple Chart Styles options; Figure 2.9: Multiple Chart Styles Option]
- In the Multiple Chart Styles you can choose different types of styles that can accommodate different styles requirements or preference. Click and explore any of each to see their differences. For the purpose of demonstration, click Style 14 as seen on figure 2.10.
[illustration: expanded Chart Styles gallery with Style 14 selected and a column chart titled CHART TITLE below it; Figure 2.10: Multiple Chart Styles Option]
CO_Q1_Empowerment Technologies SHS Module 6
[transcriber’s note: the cover and the title of the module are not on these pages, so the title above is the running footer text]
What’s More
Activity 1.2 Graph the Data
With a group of five (5) students, create an excel document and name it “ICT in the Philippines Data”. Create two tabs. Name the first one as Line Graph, the second one as Pie Graph. In the Bar Graph tab, create a bar graph using the data in Population Data below. In the Pie Graph tab, create a bar graph using the data in Percentage Data.
Population Data
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2006 | 5,028,346 |
| 2009 | 5,028,346 |
| 2010 | 23,259,726 |
| 2016 | 44,478,808 |
Percentage Data
| Category | Percentage |
|---|---|
| With Internet | 5,028,346 |
| No Internet | 5,028,346 |
What I Have Learned
- What are the importance of infographics in presenting data or information?
- Which graph works best in showing change over time? Compare the graphs used.
What I Can Do
Activity 1.3 Survey Graphing
Survey at least 25 people on which color from red, yellow, blue, green, violet and orange do they prefer. Record the result of your survey.
Create an excel document and name it “Color Survey Data and Graph”. Create two tabs. Name the first one as Data, the second one as Graph. In the Data tab create a table following the format below and write the results in your table. In the Graph tab, create a Bar Graph based on the data from the Data tab.
| Color | Red | Yellow | Blue | Green | Violet | Orange |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Favoring Respondents |
Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
Which of the following is NOT the purpose of infographics in the presentation of data?
a. It helps people interpret data visually.
b. It engages audience in your presentation.
c. It helps the presentation to be more visually attractive.
d. It improves people understanding in data gathering.Which is an example of infographics?
a. Graphics
b. Illustration
c. Pictures
d. Charts and GraphsWhich of the following is considered the most important in creating a table in excel?
a. There must be a data table in excel.
b. There must be a reason to use infographic.
c. There must have PowerPoint installed.
d. There must have an image ready for your infographic.Which is the main use of line graph?
a. To visually present the data.
b. To see trend of data change.
c. To compare difference between data.
d. To show hierarchy between data sets.Which should be done first in making a graph in excel?
a. In the ribbon, click Insert > Charts.
b. Press right click then click insert table.
c. Select the drag cells needed for the chart.
d. In the Insert tab click Table then click the desired table.How do you resize a column or width?
a. Select the cell the press right click, select format cell then change height and width values.
b. In the Formula bar type (h[value]:w[value]).
c. Click the cell then in the ribbon select format cell then change height and width values.
d. Click and drag the column or row heading.What is the formula that will add the contents of the cells C1 and C10?
a. C1 + C10
b. = C1 + C10
c. C1 + C10 =
d. SUM (C1:C3)How do you resize a graph?
a. Click the graph then click and drag any of the eight handles in the edges of the graph.
b. Select the table then press right click, a window will appear, select the Width change the value desired then select height change the value desired.
c. Select the table the press Ctrl + Arrow Keys.
d. You can’t change the size of graphs.How do you rename a graph into “First Data” in Microsoft Excel?
a. Press right click then select rename, a window will appear then type “First Data”.
b. Press Ctrl + A then Ctrl + R, rename the chart to “First Data”
c. Double click the name of the chart and type “First Data”.
d. Graph names can’t be changed as they follow the name from the selected data.What is the purpose of the Formula Bar?
a. It allows an easy to see input box for formula in a cell
b. It is a selection of shortcuts different formula in Microsoft Excel
c. It is the formula that allows computation of values from different cells.
d. The Formula Bar is a label below the cell that indicates the result of a formulaWhich Ribbon Menu is needed to be selected to change the font?
a. Home
b. Insert
c. Page Layout
d. Cell FormattingHow do you assign which cell the formula = (A1 + A2) + A3 will be displayed on?
a. On the formula bar type cell address
b. Press right click then select Cell Format then click on the Formula tab, type which cell you want that formula will be displayed
c. In the ribbon click Cell Formatting then select the formula then type where it will displayed.
d. Type the formula where you want it to be displayed on.Which Ribbon Menu is needed to add a Chart?
a. Home
b. Insert
c. Page Layout
d. Cell FormattingWith this formula = Expense!C12, what does the Expense! part means?
a. It a variable that allows quick reference of a value.
b. It is formula label, allowing the user to manage all the formula.
c. It indicates that the c12 to be displayed is on the sheet Expense
d. This is not a proper use of the formula.How do you change formula style in a sheet?
a. Click Insert > Cell Formatting > Table Format > Table Style
b. Click Home > Format as Table > Table Style
c. Click Cell Formatting > Format Table > Table Style
d. You have to select each cell then add cell borders to each of them
Additional Activities
Graphing the Graph
Following the instruction for Survey Graphing activity. Make a line graph with the same data used in the previous activity. Show both graphs to at least 10 people then ask which graph is best used in comparing data. Record the result then make a Pie Graph. Create a Word document and named it “Graph Survey“. Copy and paste your graph with a brief description regarding your findings.
Answer Key
Assessment
- A
- B
- B
- B
- D
- D
- B
- A
- C
- A
- A
- D
- B
- C
- B
What I Know
- B
- B
- D
- D
- C
- A
- D
- B
- B
- B
- A
- C
- A
- D
- C
[transcriber’s note: the Assessment and What I Know answer boxes are printed upside down on the page; the answers above are read from the rotated text]
References
Rethmeyer , Emily. “NOT ALL GRAPHICS ARE INFOGRAPHICS: GETTING BACK TO BASICS”. Last Modified October 16, 2017. “https://mbbagency.com/blog/notgraphics-infographics-getting- back-basics/
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)
Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985
Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph
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