TLE Agri-Fishery Arts 6 Module 4: Preparing Layout Design for Orchard Garden

Technology and Livelihood Education

Agri-Fishery Arts

Module 4: Preparing Layout Design for Orchard Garden

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CO_TLE-AFA6_ Module4

TLE – Agri-Fishery Arts – Grade 6 Alternative Delivery Mode Module 4: Preparing Layout Design for Orchard Garden First Edition, 2020

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Development Team of the Module

Writer: Kim T. Campaner

Editors: Reynaldo P. Evangelio Fatima M. Solis

Reviewer: Roselyn V. Geñega

Photos and Illustration: Kim T. Campaner, Learesa G. Amban

Layout Artist: Jarrett Irvin C. Gayosa, Alfaith G. Poblete

Management Team: Ramir B. Uytico Pedro Escobarte Jr. Elena P. Gonzaga Donald T. Genine Reynaldo G. Gico Michell L. Acoyong Grace T. Nicavera Mylene D. Lopez Reynaldo P. Evangelio Jarrett Irvin C. Gayosa Helen Grace S. Poderoso Helen Grace S. Poderoso

6

Technology and Livelihood Education

Agri-Fishery Arts

Module 4: Preparing Layout Design for Orchard Garden

Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you learn and master the skill in preparing layout design of an orchard garden.

You will need a map and plenty of paper to sketch your plan so when planting day comes, you will know exactly where everything is going and how many trees to order and be confident that every single one of them is going to bear fruit.

This module will cover the different layout design of an orchard garden and how to prepare layout design of an orchard garden using the information gathered.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

• Identify the different layout design of an orchard garden.
• Prepare layout design of an orchard garden using the information gathered.

[photo: mango plantation with rows of trees along a dirt path]

¹A picture of a Mango Plantation

¹ Pauk, Free Royalty, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mango_Plantation_near_Sasan_Gir,_Gujarat.jpg

What I Know

To begin your lesson in this module, please answer the following statements.

Write TRUE if the statement is correct and GIVE THE CORRECT ANSWER if it is FALSE and then write it on your answer sheet.

_____ 1. System of layout refers to the design of planting the tress.

_____ 2. It is desirable to have the trees planted in a systematic way because it makes supervision easier and more effective.

_____ 3. In square system, the trees are planted in six corners for keeping the same distance between rows and from plant to plant in the same row.

_____ 4. Less number of trees planted is one of the advantages in rectangular system.

_____ 5. In this system, the number of trees planted in the same area is almost doubled is called rectangular system.

_____ 6. In the hexagonal system, the trees are planted at the corners of an equilateral triangle.

_____ 7. Quincunx is an imaginary line connecting all points of equal elevation across a slope.

_____ 8. Measuring the land is one thing to be considered for layout procedure.

_____ 9. Layout means fixing the position of trees, roads, building, etc in an orchard being planted.

_____ 10. Choosing the type of trees to be planted is necessary in preparing the orchard layout design.

Module 4: Preparing Layout Design for Orchard Garden

[photo: Santol plantation with tall trees and undergrowth]

A picture of Santol Plantation at Provincial Nursery and Demonstration Farm Technology Center, Brgy. Carabalan, Himamaylan City, Negros Occidental

You will need a map and plenty of paper to sketch your plan so when planting day comes, you will know exactly where everything is going and how many trees to order and be confident that every single one of them is going to bear fruit.

The layout design of the orchard is an essential operation. By this, it accommodates the requisite number of plants per unit area and the arrangement of fruit plants in the plot is carefully done to put the plants to be properly placed as it developed creating an aesthetic view of the orchard. Proper layout of the orchard is influenced by factors like, planting distance and system of planting of fruit species to have uniform growth and easy orchard operation such as cultivation, intercropping, irrigation, spraying and harvesting. Further, it helps in proper management and supervision of the orchard.

What’s In

Direction: Arrange the following scrambled letters inside the box to form a word or words base on the given definition above it, and then write it on your answer sheet.

1. In this farm, trees are grown for the purpose of fruit production.

triuf drohcra

2. It is where nut trees are grown for a massive production of nut.

ntu rdcraoh

3. An intensively managed or maintained plantation of trees to produce genetically improved seeds resulting in mass production.

sdee hcroadr

4. It is an area where fruit-bearing trees or shrubs are suited to be planted and it is greatly managed or maintained for production.

dcroarh mraf

5. Locating the position of trees, roads and buildings in the orchard are being established.

toylau

What’s New

[photo: rambutan plantation with rows of shrubs and trees on a sloping field] A picture of Rambutan Plantation owned by Lorenzo D. Laja Jr. at Sitio Sig-ang Brgy. Carabalan, Himamaylan City, Negros Occidental

If you are the owner of the farm being shown in the picture, what layout would you make in this kind of farm?

In order to know if your layout design is suitable to this kind of farm, study the next activities.

What is It

Different Layout Designs of Orchard

Planting fruit trees has five systems where trees are all planted in rows. Distances between rows and plants varies with the kind of system, type of fruit trees and their varieties, bigger canopy requires a wider distance between planted trees.

1. Square System

Square system keeps the same distance between rows and plants in the same row where trees are planted in four corners. The advantages in this system are an easy farm operation to include harrowing, cultivating, plowing, spraying, harvesting.

Since this system is the simplest way of planting trees, anyone can easily get a view of the whole orchard from one end to another. Thus, better supervision of the plantation using straight irrigation channels and paths can be done. However, this system comparatively has lesser number of tress being accommodated in given area and the distance between plant to plant and row to row remains the same as such, certain amount of space in the middle of four trees is wasted.

[illustration: six fruit trees placed at the corners of connected rectangles drawn with dashed lines] Illustrated by Learesa G. Amban

2. Rectangular System

Trees in rectangular system are planted similarly with square system aside from distance between rows are more than the distance between plants in the same row. Four adjacent trees comprise the rectangular system design and irrigation channel will have the advantage of length and breadth while having a better supervision and intercultural operations as easily as possible.

On the other hand, a large area of the orchard is consumed by using this system with smaller number of trees that are planted. Such, intercropping should be practiced, maximizing any harvest that can be produced from the available area for planting.

[illustration: six fruit trees placed at the corners of a long rectangle drawn with dashed lines] Illustrated by Learesa G. Amban

3. Quincunx or Diagonal System

In this system, a tree is planted in the center of each square making the number of planted trees to double while distance between trees is reduced. Trees with shorter life space are chosen for the center and are called filler crop. Trees planted in the four corners of the square are the main crops that upon reaching their full-grown size, the central trees have already finished their life cycle.

There are some advantages in this system like additional income can be earned from the filler crop till the main crop comes into bearing, the number of trees can be double compared to square and rectangular system and the maximum of utilization of land is possible.

The disadvantages in this system are inter/filler crop can interfere with the growth of the main crop, intercultural operations become difficult, and skill is required to layout the orchard.

[illustration: seven fruit trees, six at the corners of a rectangle and one at the center of the pattern, with dashed lines] Illustrated by Learesa G. Amban

4. Hexagonal System

Hexagonal system uses the equilateral triangle as pattern in planting trees. Every corner of the hexagon is to be planted with a tree to have six trees being positioned in all corners while the seventh tree is planted at the center of the pattern. All these trees are arranged in three rows.

The distance between tree to tree in six directions from the central tree remains the same. The advantages in this system are more income can be obtained, the trees can be planted is 15% compared to square system and it is an ideal system for the fertile and irrigated land.

However, skill played a vital role to layout this orchard and intercultural operations become difficult

5. Contour System

There are instances that orchard areas are located on hills such that the slope may cause soil erosion and irrigation system becomes difficult. In this situation, contour system should be the design to use in planting trees. It minimizes land erosion, conserve soil moisture and make the slope fit for growing fruit trees.

The flow of water in the irrigation channels should be made slow to allow soil penetration without causing erosion.

The advantages in this system can be adopted in hilly regions and in leveled land, it can control soil erosion, and it helps simultaneously in the conservation of water.

On the other hand, laying out of contour lines is difficult and time consuming. Special skill is required to layout the system and special instruments are also required for making contour lines. These are some of the common disadvantages in contour system.

[illustration: rows of fruit trees arranged in a triangular pattern with diagonal lines along the sides] Illustrated by Learesa G. Amban

Procedure in Preparing for Layout Design of Orchard

For the layout procedures for different system, a few common steps can be identified.

1. Prepare all the materials needed.
2. Measure the land.
3. Decide the types of trees to be planted.
4. Follow the planting distance and the system of planting.
5. Prepare a plan on the paper marking all details.

All the Illustrations on this page were made by Learesa G. Amban

What’s More

Independent Activity

In this activity, you are tasked to study the picture collage of layout design of orchard below and answer the questions that follow.

[chart: picture collage; five numbered illustrations of orchard layout designs, labeled 1 to 5]

Independent Assessment

Direction: Answer the following questions based on the collage of layout design of orchard then write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

1. ______________ This is the simplest and easiest system of plantation.
2. ______________ In this system, the trees are planted at the corners of an equilateral triangle.
3. ______________ It is a layout design that is generally followed on places that are hilly and with high slopes.
4. ______________ This system is the same as square system except for the addition of a tree in the center of each square.
5. ______________ Four adjacent trees in this system make a rectangular design.

What I Have Learned

• The five system of planting fruit trees are _________, _________, __________, ____________, and ___________.

  
  

• Trees are planted in four corners of a square keeping the same distance between rows and from plant to plant in the same row. This is the simplest and easiest system of plantation, it is called ________.

  
  

• ________________ is a system where trees are planted in the same way as in a square system except that the distance between rows will be more than the distance between plants in the same row.

  
  

• This system is the same as square system except for the addition of a tree in the center of each square. In this system, the number of trees planted in the same area is almost double. __________________.

  
  

• ______________ the trees are planted at the corners of an equilateral triangle.

  
  

• A system which is generally followed on the hills with high slopes. It particularly suits to a land with undulated topography, greater danger of erosion and irrigation of the orchard is difficult. _________.

  
  

• What are the few common steps in preparing for the layout design of orchard?

  
  

What I Can Do

To apply your understanding on the content of this module, complete the table below following the steps in preparing layout design in planting fruit trees in your small orchard garden based on the given system of planting.

System of Planting	Materials Needed	Measurement of the Land	Types of Plant	Planting Distance	Remarks
Square System
Rectangular System
Hexagonal System
Quincunx or Diagonal System
Contour System

Assessment

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer then write it on your answer sheet.

1. This is the simplest and easiest system of plantation. The trees are planted in four corners to keep the same distance between rows and from plant to plant in the same row.
   a. Contour system
   b. Hexagonal System
   c. Rectangular system
   d. Square system

   
   

2. Below are the advantages of a square system, which of the following is not included?
   a. Better supervision of the orchard is possible.
   b. Certain amount of space in the middle of four trees is wasted.
   c. Irrigation channels and paths can be made straight.
   d. Operations like plowing, harrowing, cultivating and harvesting becomes easy.

   
   

3. It is a system where trees are planted in same way as in a square system except that the distance between rows will be more than the distance between plants in the same row.
   a. Hexagonal system
   b. Quincunx system
   c. Rectangular system
   d. Square system

   
   

4. It is desirable to have the trees planted in a systematic way due to the following reasons:

   
   

   I. Orchard operations like intercultural and irrigation are carried out easily.
   II. It makes possible the distribution of areas equally for each tree.
   III. It makes supervision easier and more effective.
   IV. It is well-arranged and nice to look at

   
   

   a. I & II
   b. II, III & IV
   c. III & IV
   d. I, II & III

   
   

5. It is an imaginary line connecting all points of equal elevation across a slope.
   a. Contour system
   b. Hexagonal system
   c. Quincunx system
   d. Square system

   
   

6. The following are few common steps in the layout procedure for different system except one.
   a. Measure the land
   b. Prepare a plan on the paper marking details
   c. Decide the types of trees to be planted
   d. Conduct a survey

   
   

7. Basically, this system is the same as the square system except for the addition of a tree in the middle of each square. The number of trees planted in the same area is almost double.
   a. Hexagonal system
   b. Quincunx system
   c. Rectangular system
   d. Square system

   
   

8. Which of the following is the disadvantage of contour system?
   a. Laying out of contour line is difficult and time consuming.
   b. Contour system can control the soil erosion
   c. It helps simultaneously in the conservation of water.
   d. It can be adopted in hilly regions and in leveled land.

   
   

9. A system where the trees are planted at the corners of an equilateral triangle.
   a. Contour system
   b. Hexagonal system
   c. Quincunx system
   d. Square system

   
   

10. What do you call the additional tree in the center of a quincunx system?
    a. Filler
    b. Grower
    c. Filter
    d. Shelter

    
    

Additional Activities

This time, kindly get a short size bond paper and draw the different layout designs of an orchard listed below.

1. Contour system
2. Hexagonal system
3. Quincunx system
4. Rectangular system
5. Square system

Answer Key

[illustration: answer key in three boxed columns, printed upside down (rotated 180°)]

What’s More

1. Square system
2. Hexagonal system
3. Contour system
4. Quincunx system
5. Rectangular system

What I Know

1. T
2. T
3. F- Hexagonal system
4. F- Disadvantage system [?]
5. F- Quincunx system
6. T
7. F- Contour system
8. T
9. T
10. T

Assessment

1. D
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. D
7. B
8. A
9. B
10. A

[transcriber’s note: the answer key columns are printed rotated 180 degrees; the entries above are read in upright orientation.]

References

Learning and Living in the 21st Century 6, pp. 124-126.

“Lesson 3”. 2020. T.L.E Learning Module. https://gltnhs-tle.weebly.com/lesson-32.html.

“The Orchard Project – Bringing Community Orchards To Cities And Towns.”. 2020. The Orchard Project. https://www.theorchardproject.org.uk/

“SWCS: Lesson 9. Open Channel Flow”. 2020. Ecoursesonline.Iasri.Res.In. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=2177.

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