Personal Development Quarter 2 Module 8: Make a Genogram and Trace Physical, Personality, or Behavioral Attributes through Generations

Personal Development Quarter 2 – Module 8: Make a Genogram and Trace Certain Physical, Personality, or Behavioral Attributes through Generations

Senior High School

Personal Development

Quarter 2 – Module 8: Make a Genogram and Trace Certain Physical, Personality, or Behavioral Attributes through Generations

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CO_Q2_Personal Development SHS Module 8

Personal Development Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 8: Make a Genogram and Trace Certain Physical, Personality, or Behavioral Attributes through Generations First Edition, 2021

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Development Team of the Module

Writers: Minerva B. Villan

Editors: Genalin V. Ceballo

Reviewers: Sherelyn N. Mijares, Jean L. Reyes, Jerome C. Hilario, Jesusa L. Partosa, Aira Myr T. Marbibi, Priscilla V. Salo

Illustrator: Gilbert R. Esguerra

Layout Artist: Diana F. delos Santos, Rosanito S. Paras

Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas, Job S. Zape Jr., Ramonito Elumbaring, Reicon C. Condes, Elaine T. Balaogan, Fe M. Ong-ongowan, Christopher R. Diaz, Juan R. Araojo Jr., Cristina C. Salazar, Priscilla V. Salo, Bernadette B. Patag, Rosanito S. Paras, Rochene I. Garcia

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Personal Development

Quarter 2 – Module 8: Make a Genogram and Trace Certain Physical, Personality, or Behavioral Attributes through Generations

Senior High School

Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

What I Need to Know

[illustration: hand pressing a button]

This material was produced to give you, learners, the right amount of assistance you need to absorb and acquire all the necessary concepts and nature comprising oneself. Lessons are bounded on the performance and content standard, learning competencies and level of the learners. This material is very appropriate to the understanding of the varied types of learners like you. Sequence of the lessons adhered to the arrangement of the competencies as reflected on the DepEd’s curriculum guide for this course.

This module is entitled “Make a Genogram and Trace Certain Physical, Social, and Emotional Personality, or Behavioral Attributes through Generations”. (EsP-PD11/12FSL-IId-e11.2)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define genogram;
2. Appreciate the importance of family genogram; and
3. Make a family genogram and trace physical, social, emotional, or behavioral attributes through generations.

What I Know

[illustration: hand holding a pencil]

Before you proceed to discover this module, you are given two sets of activity to check your own understanding.

Activity 1. Multiple Choices

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. This is a graphic representation of a family tree that displays detailed data on relationships among individuals. It goes beyond a traditional family tree by allowing the user to analyze hereditary patterns and psychological factors that punctuate relationships.

   • A. Biogram
   • B. Heregram
   • C. Genogram
   • D. Radiogram

2. One of the advantages of describing family relationships through illustrations is to include some basic data found in traditional family tree. Which among the group is NOT included?

   • A. Chronic illness
   • B. Gender
   • C. Family relationships
   • D. Social events

3. Every member of the family should consider one’s emotion because this affects family relationships. The emotional relationships provide an in-depth analysis of how these individuals in the family relate to one another. These statements are

   • A. False
   • B. Maybe
   • C. True
   • D. Irrelevant

4. It is a special symbol used to describe relationships, major events, and the dynamics of a family over multiple generations. Which shape symbolizes male member of the family?

   • A. Circle
   • B. Diamond
   • C. Square
   • D. Triangle

5. It is a special symbol used to describe relationships, major events, and the dynamics of a family over multiple generations. Which shape symbolizes female member of the family?

   • A. Circle
   • B. Diamond
   • C. Square
   • D. Triangle

Activity 2. Illustration analysis

Directions: Study the diagram below and identify the symbol and its meaning base on your own understanding. Refer to the assigned letters.

Symbol	Meaning (Choose one) brother, daughter, husband, sister, son, wife,
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

[chart: genogram diagram; Activity 2. Illustration analysis. Shows labeled symbols A through F: A (square) and B (square with a cross through it) joined by a horizontal line that connects down to C (square); C is joined by a horizontal line to D (circle) with two slanted marks crossing the line between C and D; C and D have a line descending to a point that connects to E (square) and F (circle), with a horizontal line joining E and F. Values are not labeled on the chart.]

Lesson 8: Make a Genogram and Trace Certain Physical, Personality, or Behavioral Attributes through Generations

“When a picture depicts thousand words.”

Grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, son, daughter, aunt, uncle, cousin, niece, and nephew are but just of the few words you will use in making family genogram. You will be able to identify various family members in your family as well as other members of your kin when illustrating your family genogram.

In this lesson, let us learn more about how your family genogram will help you trace physical, personality, or behavioral attributes through generations. As a student, you will be able to recognize your family members and describe each of them. You need to do some activities in this lesson. Also, medical, social, emotional and mental relationships in the family will be represented to help you focus on the family information you want to know and further evaluate.

Let us begin this lesson by letting you assess your learnings about the previous topics on family structures.

What’s In

[illustration: hand holding a puzzle piece]

Let us begin this lesson by letting you assess your learnings about the previous topics on family structures.

The Three-Coded Column Chart

Directions: Identify what family structures are described in the sentences below by decoding the symbol in each item placed before the number. Each symbol corresponds to the family structures as shown in the column below. Write only the letters of the chosen answer on a separate sheet of paper.

[illustration: smiley face symbol]	[illustration: heart symbol]	[illustration: star symbol]
A. Blended	B. Multi-racial	C. Adoptive
D. Step	E. Single parent	F. Immigrant
G. Extended	H. Foster	I. Migrant
J. Conditionally separated	K. Nuclear	L. Gay or Lesbian

_____1. A family unit consisting of at most a father, a mother and a dependent child or children.

_____2. A family consisting of parents and children, along with grandparents, grandchildren and other relatives.

_____3. Two families brought together due to divorce, separation, and remarriage.

_____4. This can be either a father or a mother who has that sole responsibility of raising a child or children.

_____5. A family where one or more of the children has been adopted.

_____6. A family that consist of members from two previous family.

_____7. A family member separated from the rest of the family due to employment and military service.

_____8. A family where one or more of the children is legally a temporary member of the household. The “temporary” period may be as short as few days or as long as the child’s entire childhood.

_____9. A family where parents have gone to other country as adults while the children may stay in the country of origin.

_____10. A family that moves from one place to another due to employment. The whole family members do the movement.

[transcriber’s note: a heart, smiley, or star icon is printed before each blank; these are decorative and are not transcribed]

What’s New

[illustration: hand-drawn black-and-white family with the word “family”, a sun, a heart-shaped balloon, and a dog]

Tracing our family history may not only give us ideas of who are the prominent individuals who belong to our family tree but most significantly, it will help us grow better. You will not only learn who your family is but how everyone is connected. For instance, a family genogram can tell you who is married, widowed, divorced, and the like.

The V-Chart

To begin a genogram, you will need to follow different steps to document your family history. Wise choice of symbols could lead to a well-illustrated family genogram.

However, you are going to do the following activities first before going further with the lesson.

Activity 1: The V-CHART

Directions. Think about your traditional family tree. Make a comparison between a family tree and family genogram. Refer to the pictures and write your description according to your own understanding. You can use a separate sheet of paper.

[illustration: black-and-white family tree drawing with blank name boxes on its branches and trunk]

[chart: genogram diagram; Activity 1: The V-CHART, with a V-shaped line between the two sides]

Labels printed in the genogram diagram: A; B (crossed out); C; D (with a double slash on its connecting line); E; F.

The Family Tree	The V-Chart	The Family Genogram
1.____________________ _____________________	[illustration: V-shaped line]	1._____________________ _______________________
2.____________________ _____________________		2._____________________ _______________________
3.____________________ _____________________		3._____________________ _______________________
4.____________________ _____________________		4._____________________ _______________________
5.____________________ _____________________		5._____________________ _______________________

Process Questions:

1. How do you feel about the activity?
2. How do you compare family tree from genogram?
3. How is genogram made? Are you ready to explore one? Do you like to make your own family genogram?

What is It

Genogram Defined

A genogram (pronounced: jen-uh-gram) is a graphic representation of a family tree that displays detailed data on relationships among individuals. A genogram is a more complex family tree because it describes not only the family’s physical and social relationships, but also the emotional connections and other family attributes.

Genograms were first developed and popularized in clinical settings by Monica McGoldrick and Randy Gerson through the publication of a book in 1985. Genograms are now used by various groups of people in a variety of fields such as medicine, psychology, social work, genealogy, genetic research, and education.

A genogram is also known as a McGoldrick–Gerson study (Jolly et al., 1980). It goes beyond a traditional family tree by allowing the user to visualize hereditary patterns and psychological factors that punctuate relationships. It can be used to identify repetitive patterns of behavior and to recognize hereditary tendencies (Friedman et al., 1988).

Murray Bowen invented the concept of the genogram as part of his family systems model in the 1970s. Genograms were later developed and popularized in clinical settings by Monica McGoldrick and Randy Gerson through the publication of a book titled Genograms: Assessment and Intervention in 1985. Genograms are now used by various groups of people in a variety of fields such as medicine, psychiatry, psychology, social work, genetic research, education, and many more. Some practitioners in personal and family therapy use genograms for personal records and/or to explain family dynamics to the client.

Genogram Symbols

A genogram is a family tree or map or history that uses special symbols to describe relationships of family members over multiple generations. Like any other graphic organizer, genogram makes it easy for a person to present and comprehend certain information.

Figure 1. Basic Genogram Symbols

[illustration: square] Male symbol [illustration: circle] Female symbol [illustration: triangle] Pregnancy [illustration: circle with a downward-pointing triangle inside] Gay symbol [illustration: square with a downward-pointing triangle inside] Lesbian symbol

[illustration: line] Married [illustration: line with a single diagonal slash] Separated [illustration: line with a double diagonal slash] Divorced X Death [illustration: square joined to circle by a zigzag line] Conflictual relationship [illustration: square joined to circle by a double line] Very close relationship [illustration: square joined to circle by a dotted line] Distant relationship

Additional genogram symbols

[chart: additional genogram symbols; Figure 2. Emotional Relationships Genogram Symbols]

Labels printed under the symbols, from left to right: Death; No Gender; Pet; Adopted child; Foster child; Pregnancy; Miscarriage; Abortion; Fraternal twins; Identical twins.

Figure 2. Emotional Relationships Genogram Symbols

[chart: emotional relationship line symbols; no figure number or title printed]

Labels printed in the chart, in reading order (left column, then right column):

• Hate
• In Love
• Distrust
• Best Friends
• Violence
• Physical Abuse
• Emotional Abuse
• Sexual Abuse
• Manipulative
• Controlling

Figure 3. Medical Genogram Symbols

[chart: medical genogram symbols; Figure 3. Medical Genogram Symbols]

Labels printed under the symbols, from left to right: Heart Disease; Breast Cancer; Diabetes; Alzheimer Disease; Down Syndrome; Depression; Smoking; Substance Abuse.

How to Draw Genogram: Steps

1. Know your reason for making a genogram to help you determine the type of family information you want to indicate.
2. Name all the members of your family kinship that you wanted to include in your genogram.
3. Organize questions to gather facts and figures about your relatives to be included in the genogram
4. Write down notes how everyone in your family is connected. Solicit information starting with the oldest generation down the line.

What’s More

Learning the Skill: Understanding Genogram

Activity 1: Worded Problem

Directions: Make a family genogram using the situation below. Use another sheet of paper if needed.

Juan, 48 years old, had been married to Maria, 42 years old, since 2000. They were blessed with two children, Fe and Jose. Fe, 22 years old, was the eldest and Jose, 20 years old, was the youngest. However, as time went by, problems and misunderstanding of the couple had caused them to divorce their marriage. Eventually, due to the divorced of their parents, Fe had decided to get married to Mateo, 26 years old, last 2019. Later, they were blessed with twins named Noel and Noela. On the other hand, Maria then found her long-distance relationship to Nena, a 40-year-old lesbian. While at present, Jose is living alone with his favorite pet, Lassie.

[transcriber’s note: a large empty ruled box for the answer follows; it is not transcribed]

Activity 2: Illustrated Problem

Directions: Study the family genogram below and describe the family relationships in the form of an essay. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

[chart: Burgos Family Genogram; no figure number printed]

Labels printed in the chart: Burgos Family Genogram (title); Joel Burgos; Lita Burgos; Jaime Burgos; Joseph Burgos; Lita Madrigal. Joel Burgos and Lita Burgos are joined by a line that connects down to Jaime Burgos and Joseph Burgos. Joseph Burgos is joined to Lita Madrigal by a dotted line.

[transcriber’s note: seven ruled answer lines follow]

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Process Questions:

1. How did you feel about the activity?
2. What are the genogram symbols that you used?
3. Is making genogram a good idea to describe one’s family relationships? Why?
4. How do making your family genogram affect your life as an adolescent?

What I Have Learned

Activity 1. Filling the Blanks

Directions: Carefully analyze each developmental concept about genogram. Fill in the blanks with the letter of the correct answer. Choose your answer from the list of words inside the box.

Letter	Word	Letter	Word
A.	circle	F.	Graphic
B.	symbols	G.	Murray Bowen
C.	psychology	H.	Genograms
D.	1970	I.	medicine
E.	Family	J	square

Genogram is a (1) representation of a family tree that displays detailed data on relationships among individual member of the (2)_. Genograms were first developed and popularized in clinical settings by Monica McGoldrick and Randy Gerson through the publication of a book in 1985.

Genogram is also known as a McGoldrick–Gerson study.

(3)_ invented the concept of the genogram as part of his family systems model in the (4). (5)___ are now used by various groups of people in a variety of fields like (6)__, psychiatry, (7), social work, genetic research, education and many more.

Genogram is a family tree or map or history that uses special (8)___ to describe relationships of family members over multiple generations.

Genogram is represented by different symbols to identify family members like (9)___ for male, (10)____ for female, and many more.

Activity 2. Mnemonics

Directions: Rearrange the following steps from 11-15 in making family genogram by considering the beginning of the sentences to form the mnemonic. Write A for the first step and E for the last step.

_____ 11. Write down notes how everyone in your family is connected.

_____ 12. Organize questions to relatives to solicit family information.

_____ 13. Name all the members of your family kinship that you wanted to include in your genogram.

_____ 14. Know your reason for making a genogram to help you determine the type of family information you want to indicate.

_____ 15. Solicit information starting with the oldest generation down the line.

[illustration: hand holding hexagon nuts, icon beside the “What I Can Do” heading]

What I Can Do

Let us try to examine how well you have learned from this lesson by doing the activity below.

Activity 1: Family Genogram

Directions: Make genogram of your family by using the symbols that you have learned. Consider the family physical, social and emotional relationships, and other family attributes.

[chart: genogram example; no title printed]

The printed example shows these symbols and letters:

• A: square
• B: square with an X through it
• C: square
• D: circle
• E: square
• F: circle

Lines: A and B are joined by a horizontal line, from which a vertical line descends to C. C and D are joined by a line with two slashes across it. C, E, and F are linked by a line descending to E and F, with E and F joined by a horizontal line.

[illustration: empty frame for the learner’s own family genogram]

Assessment

A. Multiple Choice

Direction. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is this graphic representation of a family tree that displays detailed data on relationships among the individual member of the family?
   a. Genocide
   b. Genogram
   c. Genealogy
   d. Generation

   
   

2. Genograms were first developed and popularized in clinical settings by Monica McGoldrick and Randy Gerson through the publication of a book in
   a. 1985
   b. 1988
   c. 1995
   d. 1998

   
   

3. A genogram is also known as
   a. McCormick–Gerson study
   b. McGoldrick–Gerson study
   c. McJohnrick–Gerson study
   d. McPatrick–Gerson study

   
   

4. Who invented the concept of the genogram as part of his family systems model?
   a. Charles Bowen
   b. Harray Randell
   c. Marly Bowen
   d. Murray Bowen

   
   

5. Genograms are now used by various groups of people in a variety of fields like medicine, psychiatry, psychology, social work, genetic research, and
   a. culture
   b. education
   c. philosophy
   d. society

   
   

B. Identification

B.1 Directions: Study the genogram below and draw the symbols of the following identifiers from items 6-10.

6. Male _______________
7. Married _______________
8. Death _______________
9. Divorced _______________
10. Female _______________

B.2 Directions: Name the genogram symbols used below.

[chart: genogram for identification; no title printed. Callouts numbered 11 to 15 point to the following symbols: 11 to a crossed square at upper left; 12 to a square in the middle left; 13 to a circle at upper center; 14 to a circle at upper right; 15 to the double-slash line between the parents.]

11. _____ 14. _____
12. _____ 15. _____
13. 
    

Additional Activities

You have already learned a lot about family structure. This time, you are going to make a legwork. Try interviewing your relatives about your family history. You may begin with your parents then interview your grandparents for you to make ‘The Family Genogram’ of your clan.

Trace the history of your family considering the family relationships, emotional relationships, and medical history using the different genogram symbols. Consider a good layout in presenting your output. Include important details such as the complete name of your relative and their occupation or any legacy to where they become prominent. Then, write a short statement giving your assessment as to whom you have inherited some of your dominant characteristic traits. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Villan Family Genogram

[illustration: empty frame for drawing the Villan Family Genogram]

Answer Key

What I Know

1. B
2. D
3. C
4. C
5. A
   6-7. A is the husband of B
   8-9. B is the deceased wife of A
   10-11. C is the son of A and B
   12-13. D is the wife of C who had their divorced lately
   14-15. E are the twin children of C and D

What’s More

1. K
2. G
3. D
4. E
5. C
6. A
7. J
8. H
9. F
10. I

Assessment

1. B
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. B
   6-10. refer below
6. Death
7. Male
8. Female
9. Married
10. Divorced

Assessment answer key (6-10)

6. [illustration: square]
7. [illustration: square containing a triangle]
8. [illustration: diamond]
9. [illustration: circle containing a triangle]
10. [illustration: circle]

What I have learned:

1. F 6. C 11. D
2. E 7. I 12. C
3. G 8. B 13. B
4. D 9. J 14. A
5. H 10. A 15. E

What’s More

Activity 1

[chart: family tree; no title printed. Labels as printed: Juan (square) and Maria (circle) joined by a line with a divorce slash; Maria and Nena (circle with a downward triangle inside) joined by a dotted line; Maria’s children are Fe (circle) and Jose (square); Fe (circle) and Mateo (square) are joined by a line, with children Noel (square) and Noella (circle) below them.]

Activity 2

(Possible Answer)

Joel Burgos and Carlito Burgos had been married for 30 years. But due to circumstances, they got their divorced lately. However, they had their two children, namely, Jaime Burgos, 29 years old and Joseph Burgos, 24 years old. At present, Joseph is in a long-distance relationship with Jona, 24 years old.

References

Butler, John. The Family Diagram and Genogram: Comparisons and Contrasts. American Journal of Family Therapy. 36 (3): 169–180. doi:10.1080/01926180701291055,

Genogram Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genogram

Giants & Pilgrims. Family Tree.” Giants and Pilgrims. https://giantsandpilgrims.com/almanac-adventure-november-family-tree/

Introduction to the Genogram. GenoPro. https://www.genopro.com/genogram/

IU8 Author. “Family Members“. OER Commons. https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/23604

NDE Digital Learning. Art Bridges – Hildegard Center: Family Tree. OER Commons. https://www.oercommons.org/authoring/56498-art-bridges-hildegard-center-family-tree

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