Music 10 Quarter 2 Module 2: Afro-Latin American and Popular Music

Music

Quarter 2 – Module 2: Afro-Latin American and Popular Music

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[illustration: students reading and studying outdoors and at home, with a teacher, a student, and a globe, under a lantern]

ALTERNATIVE DELIVERY MODE

GOVERNMENT PROPERTY NOT FOR SALE

CO_Q2_Music 10_ Module 2

Music – Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 2: Afro-Latin American and Popular Music First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Sherween F. Cabrales Editors: Sherberk F. Cabrales, Luzviminda T. Sagario Regina Genelin C. Nagtalon Reviewers: Arsendio A. Cabacungan, Francis A. Domingo, Adelyn C. Domingo, Evangeline A. Cabacungan, Gina A. Amoyen, Editha T. Giron, Ernesto F. Ramos, Jr., John Paul M. Viernes

Illustrator: Abraham S. Salvador Layout Artists: Roger C. Vea, Armand D. Subingsubing Management Team: Tolentino G. Aquino, Vilma D. Eda, Arlene A. Niro, Arnel S. Bandiola, Editha T. Giron, Gina A. Amoyen, Juanito V. Labao, Arsendio A. Cabacungan

Printed in the Philippines by _____________________________

Department of Education – Region 1

Office Address: Flores St., Catbangen, City of San Fernando, La Union Telefax: (072) 607-8137/ 682-2324 E-mail Address: region1@deped.gov.p

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Music Quarter 2 – Module 2: Afro-Latin American and Popular Music

Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

The SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pretest is provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the posttest to self-check your learning. Answer key is provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. Read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

What I Need to Know

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This module provides you the foundation of Afro-Latin American and Popular Music. In your journey through the discussions and different tasks, you are expected to:

1. describe the historical and cultural background of Afro-Latin American and popular music (MU10AP IIa-g-2);
   describe the historical and cultural background of popular music and Philippine popular music;
2. analyze musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music through listening activities (MU10AP IIa-h-5);
   analyze musical characteristics popular music and Philippine popular music through listening activities;
3. explore ways of creating sounds on a variety of sources suitable to chosen vocal and instrumental selections (MU10AP IIa-7); and
4. perform selections of Afro-Latin Americans and popular music in appropriate pitch, rhythm, style and expression (MU10AP IIa-h-6); and
   perform selections of popular and Philippine popular music in appropriate pitch, rhythm, style and expression.

The module is divided into 3 lessons, namely:

• Lesson 3 – Jazz
• Lesson 4 – Popular Music
• Lesson 5 – Philippine Popular Music

Note to the Teacher

All audio tracks and videos used in the modules were uploaded in the google drive. Teachers and learners may access using this link https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1MzSh1Er5DZswDh0Dq4SF3jThedpVwlT?usp=sharing

What I Know

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Directions: Read the statements carefully and identify what is being described. Choose the letter that represents your best answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Its style was said to be a modification of the “marching mode.”
   a. Bebop
   b. Big Band
   c. Jazz Rock
   d. Ragtime

   
   

2. It is a musical style of modern jazz which is characterized by a fast tempo.
   a. Bebop
   b. Big Band
   c. Jazz Rock
   d. Ragtime

   
   

3. It is the specific genre of Frog I More Rag.
   a. Alternative
   b. Ballad
   c. Jazz
   d. Standard

   
   

4. It originated as an expressive folksong in narrative verse with text dealing typically, about love.
   a. Ballad
   b. Jazz
   c. Rock
   d. Standard

   
   

5. It was a genre of music that was introduced as early as 18th century by the poets.
   a. Ballad
   b. Jazz
   c. Rock
   d. Standard

   
   

6. It is used to denote the most popular and enduring songs from a particular genre or style.
   a. Ballad
   b. Jazz
   c. Rock
   d. Standard

   
   

7. He became popular because of his soothing baritone voice.
   a. Frank Sinatra
   b. Matt Monroe
   c. Nat King Cole
   d. Stevie Wonder

   
   

8. The following are songs of the Beatles in Rock n Roll except______.
   a. Get Back
   b. I Saw Her Standing There
   c. Let’s Go See the Stars
   d. While Guitar Gently Weeps

   
   

9. He is the King of Rock and Roll and became a fashion icon.
   a. Bruno Mars
   b. Elton John
   c. Elvis Presley
   d. Justin Bieber

   
   

10. It has amplified sound, emphatic beat and extremely diverse.
    a. Ballad
    b. Disco
    c. Rock
    d. Super Nova

    
    

11. She is a singer who became popular in the 70’s.
    a. Barbra Streisand
    b. Diana Ross
    c. Donna Summer
    d. Sharon Stone

    
    

12. A vocal duo group who performed “We’ve Only Just Begun” is ______________.
    a. ABBA
    b. Beatles
    c. Spice Girls
    d. The Carpenters

    
    

13. It is called rhythmically chanted words.
    a. Ballad
    b. Hip Hop
    c. Metal
    d. Rap

    
    

14. It is the birth year of Philippine Rock Music.
    a. 1970
    b. 1971
    c. 1972
    d. 1973

    
    

15. He is the “King of Pinoy Rap” and became one of the hosts of a noon time TV show.
    a. Andrew E.
    b. Bamboo
    c. Black Jack
    d. Francis Magalona

    
    

Lesson 3 – Jazz

Which Music did you enjoy the most from your previous lesson? Music of Africa or Music of Latin America? Always remember that these two continents may be different, but they are the same in some aspects. Latin-American music incorporates African music from slaves who were transported to the Americans by European settlers as well as music from the indigenous people of the Americans.

What’s In

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In the first module of the second quarter, you were able to learn the music and instruments of Africa and Latin America. Let’s see how well you remember the previous lesson. Name 3 instruments from Africa and Latin America.

AFRICAN MUSIC INSTRUMENTS	LATIN MUSIC INSTRUMENTS
_____	_____
_____	_____
_____	_____

Note to the Teacher

Please check the answers of the learner. If all answers are correct, the learner will proceed to the next part of this module. Otherwise, assist the learner to recall facts about the abovementioned periods for better understanding of the next lessons. Tracks of the music will be provided in a folder.

Before we proceed to our discussion, can you name title of a song classified as Popular Music? Can you sing a part of it?

What’s New

The next genre that we will discover is one of the most influential musical genres of all genres in the world. If you are familiar with saxophone as the main instrument used in this genre, you will be more entertained. It is one of the hardest genres to play because of the features. It is also considered a sexy music. Are you ready to discover this genre?

The arrival of the Jazz Music was an offshoot of the music of African slaves who migrated to America. As music is considered a therapeutic outlet for human feelings, the Africans used music to recall their nostalgic past in their home country as well as to speak out their sentiments on their desperate condition at that time. Since then, these gloomy beginnings have evolved into several more upbeat jazz forms which the world has adopted and incorporated into other contemporary styles.

What is Jazz Music?

Jazz Music is an American music developed especially from ragtime and blues which originated in the African-American Community.

Characteristics of Jazz Music:

a. syncopated rhythms (making part of music off-beat)

• Jazz musicians like to emphasize the notes that they play on the “upbeats”. Syncopation may be affected by affecting normally weak beats in a measure, by resting on a normal accented beat, or by tying over a note to the next measure
  b. Polyphonic (producing many sounds simultaneously)
  c. Improvisation (creative activity of immediate musical composition)
  distortion of pitch and timbre (often utilize complex sounds)

Different Forms of Jazz:

1. Ragtime – an American popular musical style mainly for piano, originating in the Afro-American communities in St. Louis and New Orleans. Its style was said to be a variation of the “marching mode”, where the effect is generated by an internally syncopated melodic line pitted against a rhythmically straightforward bass line. Foremost exponents of ragtime were Jelly Roll Morton who was an American ragtime and early jazz pianist and who composed Frog I More Rag. Scott Joplin composed the popular Maple Leaf Rag, Solace, and The Entertainer. Joplin is also known as the “King of Ragtime.”

   
   

2. Big Band – refers to a large ensemble form originating in the United States in the mid 1920’s closely associated with the Swing Era with jazz elements relying heavily on percussion, wind, rhythm section, and brass instruments with a lyrical string section to accompany a lyrical melody.

   
   

3. Bebop – a musical style of modern jazz which is characterized by a fast tempo, instrumental virtuosity, and improvisation that emerged during World War II. The speed of the harmony, melody, and rhythm resulted in a heavy performance where the instrumental sound became more tense and free.

   
   

4. Jazz Rock – a music of the 1960’s and 1970’s bands that inserted jazz elements into rock music. Jazz rock is a mix of funk and R&B which stands for “rhythm and blues”, where the music used amplification and electronic effects, complex time signatures, and extended instrumental compositions with lengthy improvisations in the jazz style.

   
   

What is It

Since the 1990s, jazz has been characterized by a pluralism in which no one style dominates, but rather a wide range of styles and genres are popular. Individual performers often play in a variety of styles, sometimes in the same performance.

Pianist Brad Mehldau and The Bad Plus have explored contemporary rock music within the context of the traditional jazz acoustic piano trio, recording instrumental jazz versions of songs by rock musicians. The Bad Plus have also incorporated elements of free jazz into their music. A firm avant-garde or free jazz stance has been maintained by some players, such as saxophonists Greg Osby and Charles Gayle, while others, such as James Carter, have incorporated free jazz elements into a more traditional framework.

What’s More

Below are links to access the music selections from the different forms of Jazz Music. You can also access the link at the Note to the Teacher. Listen carefully to all the included tracks in this activity.

Ragtime – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPmruHc4S9Q or Track 1 Big band – https://youtu.be/rVUPRarP6vM or Track 2 Bebop – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09BB1pci8_o or Track 3 Jazz Rock – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hwaqNS1k-yc or Track 4

What I Have Learned

Essay. Choose one question below and elaborate your answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What form of jazz music did you enjoy the most? Why?
2. Among the four tracks (sample tracks), which of them is close to your present situation? Why did you choose that style?

What I Can Do

One of the characteristics of Jazz music is the presence of syncopated rhythms. Syncopation is a deviation from a regular expected rhythmic pattern, often placing stress (through dynamic accents) on weaker beats or omitting stronger beats.

Example of Syncopated rhythmic pattern

[chart: music notation diagram; Off beat syncopation, with labels “Pulse” (above the staff) and “Off beat” (below the staff)]

Activity:

Create a 4-8 measures (16-32 counts) of syncopated rhythmic pattern. Perform the patterns through clapping, stomping, or using any available materials. Record your output in your cellphone. If you do not have cellphone, just write the pattern on a sheet of paper.

Lesson 4 Popular Music

[transcriber’s note: “Lesson” and the number “4” are printed in a box beside the title “Popular Music”]

What’s In

Remember that Jazz music is all about syncopation, improvisation and polyrhythms. Now, you are ready to explore the music genre that you are probably most familiar with, the Popular Music. I am sure that you want to know more about Popular Music. Continue to read and work on the activities of this module.

What’s New

Before moving on to the next lesson, let’s try to guess the title of the popular song. Below are lyrics of the most popular songs in popular music.

“Girl, you know I want your love, “Your love was handmade for somebody like me” “And now, the end is near” “I’ll be waiting for you, here inside my heart”

Who would not know the title of the songs? The first one is “Shape of You” by Ed Sheeran; the second song is “My Way” by Frank Sinatra; and, the last one is “To Love You More” by Celine Dion. You are now ready to enter the world of Popular Music.

What is It

Popular music literally means “music of the populace” which is similar to traditional folk music of the past. As it developed in the 20th century, pop music generally consists of music for entertainment of large number of people, whether on radio or in live performances.

Scholars have classified music as “popular” based on various factors, including whether a song or piece becomes known to listeners mainly from hearing the music (in contrast with classical music, in which many musicians learn pieces from sheet music), its appeal to diverse listeners, its treatment as a marketplace commodity in a capitalist context, and other factors. Sales of ‘recordings’ or sheet music are one measure.

BALLADS

Ballads originated as an expressive folksong in narrative verse dealing typically about love. The word is derived from both the medieval French chanson balladee and ballade which refer to a dancing song. It was used by poets and composers since the 18th century until it became a slow popular love song in the 19th century. Today, it refers to a love song in a slightly pop or rock style, with the following variations:

1. Blues Ballads – a fusion of Anglo-American and Afro-American styles from the 19th century that deals with the anti-heroes resisting authority. The form emphasizes the character of the performer more than the narrative content and uses a banjo or a guitar as accompaniment.
2. Pop Standard and Jazz Ballads – a blues style built from a single verse of 16 bars ending on the dominant or half-cadence, followed by a refrain/chorus part of 16 or 32 bars in AABA form. The B section acts as the bridge, and the piece normally ends with a brief coda.
3. Pop and Rock Ballads – an emotional love song with suggestions of folk music. This style is sometimes applied to strophic (verse-repeating) story-songs.

[photo: three black-and-white portraits of men, left to right; caption: “from topics.nytimes.com in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.71”; “from publicradiotulsa.org in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.71”; “from en.wikipedia.org in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.71”]

Some enduring pop standard and jazz ballads include “The Man I Love” (George Gershwin, above left), “Always” (Irving Berlin, above center), and “In a Sentimental Mood” (Duke Ellington, above right).

Below are links to access the music of Ballads from different artists. You can also access the link at the Note to the Teacher and open the folder Ballads.

The Man I Love (George Gershwin) – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ut4YnJ5Ebr0 Always (Irving Berlin) – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Biv0-jBYscU In a Sentimental Mood (Duke Ellington)- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7UKGc8J463k

STANDARDS

In music, the term “standard” is used to denote the most popular and enduring songs from a particular genre or style. Its style is mostly in a slow or moderate tempo with a relaxed mood. It features highly singable melodies within the range and technical capacity of listeners.

Among the foremost proponents of this style are the following:

[photo: Frank Sinatra, Nat King Cole, and Matt Monroe, side by side; caption: “from topics.nytimes.com in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.69 and70”]

Frank Sinatra. His genre was categorized as traditional pop and jazz. He was a successful singer, actor, producer, director, and conductor. His hit singles include “My Way” and “Strangers in the Night”.

Another well-loved standards singer was American balladeer Nat King Cole. He owes most of his popular musical fame to his soothing baritone voice. His famous hits include “L-O-V-E” and “Unforgettable”.

Matt Monroe was an English singer who became one of the most popular entertainers in the international music scene during the 1960s. His hit singles include “Portrait of My Love” and “Born Free”.

Below are links to access the music of Standards from different artists. You can also access the link at the Note to the Teacher and open the folder Standards.

My Way (Frank Sinatra) – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQzdAsjWGPg L-O-V-E (Nat King Cole)- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_HmF84G7ZY Born Free (Matt Monroe) – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lyzcHRIS6l8

ROCK AND ROLL

[photo: The Beatles (left) and Elvis Presley (right); captions: “from forbes.com in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.73” (The Beatles); “from alcaldehotel.com in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.73” (Elvis Presley)]

Rock and Roll is the combination of Afro-American forms such as the blues, jump blues, jazz, and gospel music with the Western swing and country music. The lead instruments were the piano and saxophone and were eventually replaced by modern instruments. This form came during the age when electric guitars were supplemented by amplifiers and microphones to raise the volume. Its name is derived from the motion of a ship on the ocean, “rock and roll.”

The greatest proponent of the rock and roll style was the legendary Elvis Presley. His hit songs such as “Heartbreak Hotel” and “Blue Suede Shoes” were complemented by his good looks and elaborate movements that included hugging the microphone as he sang.

Presley’s style was the precursor of the British band known as The Beatles, whose compositions further boosted rock and roll as the favorite genre of the times. Examples of The Beatles’ songs in this genre are “I Saw Her Standing There”, “Get Back” and “While My Guitar Gently Weeps”.

Below are links to access the Videos of Rock and Roll from different artists. You can also access the link at the Note to the Teacher and open the folder Rock and Roll.

Blue Suede Shoes (Elvis Presley)- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bm5HKlQ6nGM I Saw Her Standing There (The Beatles) – https://youtu.be/mwBdWVTR-o8

DISCO

Another form of pop music known as “Disco” rose in 70s. This type of music pertained to rock music that was more danceable, thus leading to the establishment of venues for public dancing also called discos. The term originated from the French word discotheque which means a library for phonograph records. The disco style had a soaring and reverberating sound rhythmically controlled by a steady beat for ease of dancing accompanied by strings, horns, electric guitars, and electric pianos or synthesizers.

[photo: ABBA (left) and Bee Gees (right); captions: “from en.wikipedia.org in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.75” (ABBA); “from en.wikipedia.org in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.75” (Bee Gees)]

Famous figures of the disco genre include ABBA, Donna Summer (“The Queen of Disco”), The Bee Gees and Gloria Gaynor, bringing us such hits as “Dancing Queen”, “Stayin’ Alive”, “Boogie Wonderland”, and “Hot Stuff”.

Below are links to access the music of Disco from different artists. You can also access the link at the Note to the Teacher and open the folder Disco.

Dancing Queen (ABBA) – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFrGuyw1V8s Stayin’ Alive (Bee Gees) – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Vj092UgKwQ

POP MUSIC

Parallel with the disco era, other pop music superstars continued to emerge. Among them were Diana Ross and the Supremes (“Stop in the Name of Love”), Olivia Newton John (“Hopelessly Devoted to You”), Elton John (“Skyline Pigeon”) and The Carpenters (“We’ve Only Just Begun”).

Pop superstars in more recent years were Celine Dion (“My Heart Will Go On”), Whitney Houston (“I Will Always Love You”), Mariah Carey (“Hero”), Beyonce (“Listen”), Lady Gaga (“Bad Romance”), and Bruno Mars (“Just The Way You Are”) and many more.

Michael Jackson, “The King of Pop”

[photo: Michael Jackson wearing dark sunglasses; caption: “from ocremix.org in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.76”]

Perhaps the most popular solo performer of all time is Michael Joseph Jackson who was born on August 29, 1958 and died on June 25, 2009. He was an American recording artist, entertainer, singer-songwriter, record producer, musical arranger, dancer, choreographer, actor, businessman, and philanthropist.

Jackson’s 1982 album “Thriller” remains the world’s best-selling album of all time, and four of his other solo studio albums are among the world’s best-selling records: “Off the Wall” (1979), “Bad” (1987), “Dangerous” (1991), and “History” (1995).

Today’s Pop Music Idols include music groups like Black Eyed Peas, My Chemical Romance, Fall Out Boys, The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus, Souja Boy, Train, Maroon 5, One Direction including popular Kpop like BTS, Blankpink and

Astro; and solo performers include Adele, Taylor Swift, Ed Sheeran, Rihanna, Chris Brown, Ariana Grande, Justin Bieber, Miley Cyrus, Katy Perry, Nikki Minaj, Selena Gomez, Charlie Puth, Jessie J and others.

[photo: BTS, seven men in white suits; caption: “from ROYALTY FREE NO COPYRIGHT IMAGES”; label: “BTS”] [photo: Ariana Grande; caption: “from ROYALTY FREE NO COPYRIGHT IMAGES”; label: “ARIANA GRANDE”] [photo: Charlie Puth; caption: “from ROYALTY FREE NO COPYRIGHT IMAGES”; label: “CHARLIE PUTH”] [photo: caption printed above the group of photos: “from clique.tv in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.77”]

HIP HOP AND RAP

Hip hop is a stylized, highly rhythmic type of music that usually includes portions of rhythmically chanted words called rap. Rap is characterized by the artist speaking along with an instrumental or synthesized beat. It has evolved into a subculture that encompasses music like rapping, DJ’ing, scratching and beatboxing. Among the early hip hop artists were LL Cool J and Run D.M.C. While recent popular names include Beastie Boys, Eminem and Kanye West.

Below are links to access Pop Music from different artists. You can also access the link at the Note to the Teacher and open the folder Pop Music.

Thriller (Michael Jackson)- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qJwxcYTa_VQ Story of my Life (One Direction) – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tEP2BB81Uug Diamonds (Rihanna)- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGZh6b-Fkxo Shape of You (Ed Sheeran) – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJ2rlci9PE0

What’s More

Directions. Complete the table below by identifying the artist and genre of the different songs. Write your answers on a sheet of paper.

SONGS	ARTIST	GENRE
Dangerous
Bogie Wonderland
I Saw Her Standing There
Heartbreak Hotel
Born Free

[transcriber’s note: the table prints “Bogie Wonderland” as the song title; the Disco section of this module prints “Boogie Wonderland”]

What I Have Learned

Essay. Choose one question below and elaborate your answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What specific genre in popular music would likely be your life soundtrack and why?
2. Who among the popular artists discussed in this lesson inspired you most? Support your answer.

What I Can Do

Now, it’s your time to apply what you have learned in Popular Music and showcase your talents. Since you are already well-equipped with the right amount of knowledge about this genre, performing it will be easy for you.

Choose one activity to perform from the list of activities below:

Sing-A-Long. Choose one particular song under Popular Music. Sing it and film your performance using your cellphone. It can be in an A Capella or with accompaniment (live or canned). You may perform as a soloist or invite your family members to perform with you.

Let’s Dance. Choose any song under the genre of Popular Music and dance with it. Record your act in your cellphone. You may perform in solo or invite your family members to perform with you.

Poem for Me. If you think you are not into singing or dancing, this option might be for you. Compose a poem with 3 to 4 stanzas which will serve as the lyrics of a song. Make sure that the format of your poem is singable. Think of a catchy title for your poem. Write your output on a sheet of paper and post it in your social media accounts.

Submit your output to your teacher thru social media like Messenger, Viber, Email or to your Barangay via Drop Box (In a CD or if it is a poem, write on a whole sheet of paper). Don’t forget to write your name, your school and the name of your teacher.

Guided Rubrics for Performances

Singing

CRITERIA	Very Good (4)	Good (3)	Fair (2)	Poor (1)
PITCH ACCURACY	Sings the entire song with correct pitch/tune.	Sings the entire song with almost correct pitch/tune.	Sings the entire song with some correct pitch/tune.	Sings the entire song with no correct pitch/tune.
TIMING	All entrances and timing are correct.	Almost all entrances and timing are correct.	Some of the entrances and timing are correct.	No correct timing at all
VOICE QUALITY	It is very pleasant to hear.	It is okay to hear.	It is not so good to hear.	It is not pleasant to hear.
SHOWMANSHIP	Impactful and energetic performance	Satisfying energy and presence	Not so impactful and lacks presence	No energy and presence at all

Dancing

CRITERIA	Very Good (4)	Good (3)	Fair (2)	Poor (1)
CHOREOGRAPHY	Steps are impressive and dance patterns are wellorganized.	Steps are okay and dance patterns are organized.	Steps are bit off and dance patterns are not organized.	Steps are not impressive and dance patterns are not organized.
TIMING and CORDINATION	Movements are well-coordinated including tempo and timing.	Movements are mostly coordinated with the music.	Moves generally with the beat but with some timing mistakes.	No correct timing and coordination
TECHNIQUE	Clean lines, precise movements	Good lines and correct movement	Mostly lines are not precise and not all movements are accurate.	No details and no precise movements
SHOWMANSHIP	Completely focused, expressive, and full of energy	With enough energy and expression	Not too focused and a bit inactive	No focus and inactive

Poem

CRITERIA	Very Good (4)	Good (3)	Fair (2)	Poor (1)
IDEAS AND CONTENT	With a great sense of ideas and content. Poem has been well thought out.	With enough sense of ideas and content. Poem is clear to understand.	Some ideas and content were good but lacks understanding.	No ideas and content at all
ORGANIZATION	Topic and format of the poem are clear and easily understood.	Topic is clear but poem format lacks description.	Topic is given but unclear and lacks description.	Topic is absent and not wellorganized.
FLUENCY	Lines and stanzas flow together and are singable.	Lines and stanzas flow together but not too singable.	Lines and stanzas are a bit off and not too singable.	Lines and stanzas are not coordinated and not singable at all.
THEME	The theme is relatable.	The theme is good enough.	The theme is not too clear.	The theme is not clear at all.

Lesson 5: Philippine Pop Music

What’s In

In Popular Music, you learned the different genres which includes Ballads, Standards, Rock and Roll, Pop Music, Hip Hop and RAP. Just to recall your knowledge about Popular Music: Who is the most successful entertainer of all time and also the “King of Pop”?

You got it right! It is none other than Michael Jackson. In our country, the Philippines, do we have also Popular Music? Let’s find out in our next lesson.

What’s New

From theater tunes to rock and roll, pop, standards, hip hop, rap, and contemporary ballads- whether in the West, in the Philippines, or anywhere else in the world- these all provided a rich and diverse musical background in the development of Philippine contemporary music.

The development of Philippine music was also influenced by the history of the country- from its pre-Spanish roots, through the Spanish and American periods, up to the present. It has since evolved to have its own rich and distinct identity.

Now, try to ask your parents who their most favorite artist is during 60’s, 70’s, 80’s or 90’s? What is their favorite song?

What is It

You have been hearing the term OPM in many entertainment portals but are you aware of its meaning? The acronym OPM stands for Original Pilipino Music which is a genre under Contemporary Philippine Music. It was originally used to refer to Philippine pop songs, particularly ballads, such as those popular after the collapse of its predecessor, the Manila Sound, in the late 1970s until the present.

OPM started in Manila where Tagalog and English are the dominant languages for its texts. However, other ethno-linguistic groups such as the Visayan, Bikol, Kapampangan, and Ilocano also began to sing and record their songs in their native dialects.

[photo: Rico J. Puno] Rico J. Puno

Pop music in the Philippines started as an adaptation or translation, if not complete imitation, of Western hits. It started with Bobby Gonzales’ “Hahabol-habol” (Hot Pursuit), a local version of the rock and roll songs of the 1950s, and Rico Puno’s “Luneta”, a local adaptation of “The Way We Were”. This immediately clicked with the youth and eventually gained wide acceptance even among the burgis (bourgeois or elite) crowd.

Here are the following artists in Philippine Pop Music by decades:

1960s-1970s – Nora Aunor, Pilita Corrales, Eddie Peregrina, Victor Wood, Asin, APO Hiking Society, and others were highly popular OPM singers.

1970s – 1980s. Major commercial Philippine pop music artists were Claire dela Fuente, Didith Reyes, Rico Puno, Ryan Cayabyab, Basil Valdez, Celeste Legaspi, Hajji Alejandro, Rey Valera, Freddie Aguilar, Imelda Papin, Eva Eugenio, Nonoy Zuñiga and many more.

[photo: Ryan Cayabyab] Ryan Cayabyab from getnetworth.net in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.77 (credit on photo) GARY V. from getnetworth.net in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.77 (credit on photo) MARTIN NIEVERA

1980s to 1990s. This is regarded as the “Golden Era of Philippine Ballads”. Among the classics that emerged were those created by Ryan Cayabyab, “Kay Ganda ng Ating Musika”; George Canseco, “Kastilyong Buhangin”; Willie Cruz, “Bituing Walang Ningning”; Jose Mari Chan, “Please Be Careful With My Heart”; and Gary Valenciano and Regine “Sana Maulit Muli”.

We also have Martin Nievera, Lea Salonga, Regine Velasquez, Sharon Cuneta, Vina Morales, Francis Magalona, Pops Fernandez, Janno Gibbs, Ogie Alcasid, Joey Albert, Leah Navarro, ZsaZsa Padilla and many other singers in this period.

1990s to Present. The famous solo artists and bands included The Eraserheads, Smokey Mountain, Donna Cruz, Ariel Rivera, Southborder, Afterimage, Andrew E., Jaya, Rivermaya, and Parokya ni Edgar. More recently, OPM stars also included Yeng Constantino, Sarah Geronimo, Aiza Seguerra, Eric Santos, Christian Bautista, Morissette Amon, Darren Espanto, Acapellago and international singers Arnel Pineda, and Charice Pempengco.

[photo: Sarah G.; Arnel Pineda; Charice] SARAH G. (from getnetworth.net in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.77) ARNEL PINEDA (from getnetworth.net in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.77) CHARICE (from getnetworth.net in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.77)

Philippine Jazz

Philippine musicians have also been inspired by jazz music. Among them are jazz pianist and recording artist Boy Katindig, who comes from the well-known clan of musicians that includes jazz piano legend, Romy Katindig and saxophonist, Eddie Katindig. The Katindig family pioneered Latin jazz in Manila. Other notable Filipino jazz musicians include Lito Molina, Angel Peña, Emil Mijares, and internationally known jazz pianist, Bobby Enriquez.

[photo: Lito Molina and the Jazz Friends; Eddie Katindig; Bobby Enriquez]

Philippine Rock

The year 1973 saw the birth of Philippine or “Pinoy” rock music which successfully merged the rock beat with Filipino lyrics. This new sound was introduced by the legendary Juan de la Cruz Band, with their song “Ang Himig Natin”.

Continuing this legacy of Pinoy rock today are vocal groups and bands that include River Maya, The Dawn, True Faith, The Eraserheads, Wolfgang, Bamboo, Parokya ni Edgar, Hale, Sandwich, SugarFree, Sponge Cola and others.

Philippine Alternative Folk Music

The Philippines also saw the rise of alternative folk music which was different from the traditional and popular form. This new form combined ethnic instrumentation with electronic accompaniment, while presenting themes or issues of society and the environment.

Some of the Filipino composers who championed this style were Joey Ayala, Grace Nono, and Edru Abraham. Among other Filipino composers whose styles ranged from folk to semi-ethnic were Freddie Aguilar “Anak”, Yoyoy Villame “Magellan”, and Florante “Ako’y Isang Pinoy”.

[photo: Freddie Aguilar] from philnews.ph in Sunico, et.al, 2015, p.83 (credit on photo)

Pinoy Rap

In the Philippines, rap was also made popular by such composers and performers as Francis Magalona “Mga Kababayan Ko”, “Watawat” and Andrew E “Humanap Ka ng Pangit”.

©HORIZONS Grade 10 Learning Materials

[transcriber’s note: a partial, overlapping fragment “Grade 10 Learning aterials” is also printed on this page]

[photo: Francis Magalona]

Francis Magalona is also known as Francis M., “Master Rapper,” and “The Man from Manila.” He was a Filipino rapper, songwriter, producer, actor, director, television host, and photographer. He is often hailed as the “King of Pinoy Rap” and is considered a legend in the Philippine music community. Magalona was the first Filipino rapper to cross over to the mainstream. He is also credited for having pioneered the merging of rap with Pinoy rock, becoming a significant influence on artists in that genre as well.

What’s More

Directions. Answer the following questions. Write your answers on a whole sheet of paper.

1. Differentiate the characteristics of Philippine pop, rock, and rap music.
2. Describe the “Manila Sound” in Philippine pop music.
3. Name six (6) well-known OPM performers and the title of their songs.

What I Have Learned

Write at least 10 titles from the Original Pilipino Music that you are familiar with.

What I Can Do

Directions: Choose any song from Philippine Pop Music. From its original lyrics, translate/modify or create your own lyrics using a different dialect or language. Sing or perform in Rap (highly recommended for non-singers) the lyrics you composed. Document your performance in video or audio file format. Upload or submit your video or audio performance to the Google Drive link that your teacher will provide or any online. If online submission or the use of gadgets is not possible, you may submit your written outputs through an intended drop box in your barangay.

Rap

CRITERIA	Very Good (4)	Good (3)	Fair (2)	Poor (1)
RHYTHM	Perfect timing and no stuttering of words	Good timing but some stuttering of words	Timing is not good with many stuttering.	Very poor timing and always stuttering
CLEARNESS	Words are very clear and synchronized.	Words are clear but not too synchronized.	Many words are not clear and not too synchronized.	No clear words and did not synchronize.
USE OF LOCAL DIALECT	All words were translated to their own dialect.	Almost all words were translated to their own dialect.	Some words were translated to their own dialect.	Did not translate at all.
PERFORMANCE	Impactful and energetic performance	Satisfying energy and presence	Not so impactful and lacks presence	No energy and presence at all

Singing

CRITERIA	Very Good (4)	Good (3)	Fair (2)	Poor (1)
PITCH ACCURACY	Sings the entire song with correct pitch/tune	Sings the entire song with almost correct pitch/tune	Sings the entire song with some correct pitch/tune	Sings the entire song with no correct pitch/tune
TIMING	All entrances and timing are correct.	Almost all entrances and timing are correct.	Some of the entrances and timing are correct.	No correct timing at all.
VOICE QUALITY	It is very pleasant to hear.	It is okay to hear.	It is not so good to hear.	It is not pleasant to hear.
SHOWMANSHIP	Impactful and energetic performance	Satisfying energy and presence	Not so impactful and lacks presence	No energy and presence at all

(transcriber’s note: this is printed page 22)

Assessment

Directions. Read the statements carefully and identify what is being described. Choose the letter that represents your best answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. The following are OPM artists during 60’s except
   a. Nora Aunor.
   b. Pilita Corales.
   c. Ryan Cayabyab.
   d. Victor Wood.

   
   

2. It features highly singable melodies within the range and technical capacity of the everyday listener.
   a. Alternative
   b. Ballad
   c. Birit
   d. Standard

   
   

3. He is the King of Pop and the most successful entertainer of all time.
   a. Justin Bieber
   b. Elvis Presley
   c. Michael Jackson
   d. Ed Sheeran

   
   

4. He was the first Filipino rapper to cross over to the mainstream.
   a. Andrew E.
   b. Bamboo
   c. Black Jack
   d. Francis Magalona

   
   

5. The speed of the harmony, melody, and rhythm resulted in a heavy performance where the instrumental sound became more tense and free.
   a. Bebop
   b. Big Band
   c. Jazz Rock
   d. Ragtime

   
   

6. The following are titles of Francis Magalona except
   a. Master Rapper.
   b. The Man from Manila.
   c. King of Pinoy Rap.
   d. Ultimate Rapper.

   
   

7. This new form combined ethnic instrumentation with electronic accompaniment, while presenting themes or issues of society and the environment.
   a. Philippine Alternative Folk Music
   b. Philippine Alternative Country Music
   c. Philippine Contemporary Folk Music
   d. Philippine Folkloric Music

   
   

(transcriber’s note: this is printed page 23)

8. It is the local adaptation of “The Way We Were”.
   a. Hahabol habol
   b. Luneta
   c. Manila
   d. Rizal

   
   

9. It is the combination of Afro-American forms such as the blues, jump blues, jazz, and gospel music with the Western swing and country music.
   a. Ballad
   b. Disco
   c. Pop Music
   d. Rock and Roll

   
   

10. A jazz pianist and recording artist in the Philippines
    a. Arnel Pineda
    b. Boy Katindig
    c. Moira Dela Torre
    d. Ainah Apple Frez

    
    

Additional Activities

The popularity of OPM is slowly declining. The proliferation of Kpop and Western Music is one of the factors for this. This leads to an alarming state of our very own music. One day, it is possible that our very own music will be lost in translation.

Give your reaction on the statement above. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Good luck!

(transcriber’s note: this is printed page 24. The page is printed upside down, and the parts below are placed in reading order. Some answer letters were read from rotated glyphs and are marked [?].)

Answer Key

(transcriber’s note: the table below has no visible heading in the scan)

PERFORMER/ARTIST	SONG
Garry V.	Sana Maulit Muli
Freddie Aguilar	Anak
Voyv Villame	Magellan
Francis M.	Mga kababayan ko
Andrew E.	Humanap ka ng pangit
Juan de la Cruz Band	Ang himig natin
Bobby Gonzales	Hahabol habol
Regine Velasquez	Sana Maulit Muli/ Kailangan Ko’y Ikaw

Lesson 5 What’s More

Genre	Description
PHILIPPINE POP	Adaptation or translation of western hits
PHILIPPINE ROCK	Rock beat with Filipino lyrics
PHILIPPINE RAP	Rap in Filipino and popularized by Francis M.

2. Most of these compositions made use of Western-type melody and harmony, while expressing uniquely Filipino emotions in moving poetic lyrics.

   
   

Lesson 4 What’s More

GENRE	ARTIST	SONGS
Pop Music	Michael Jackson	Dangerous
Disco	Bee Gees	Boogie Wonderland
Rock and Roll	The Beatles	I Saw Her Standing
Rock and Roll	Elvis Presley	Heartbreak Hotel
Standards	Matt Monro	Born Free

What I Know

1. d
2. a
3. c
4. a
5. b
6. d
7. a [?]
8. d [?]
9. c [?]
10. c
11. c
12. d
13. d
14. d
15. d

Assessment

1. c
2. d
3. c
4. d
5. a
6. d
7. c [?]
8. a [?]
9. d
10. b

(transcriber’s note: this is printed page 25)

Reference

Sunico, Raul M., Evelyn F. Cabanban, & Melissa Y. Moran. Grade 10 Learner’s Material. HORIZONS Music and Arts Appreciation for Young Filipinos. Philippines: Tawid Publications, 2015.

(transcriber’s note: this page has no printed page number)

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