This is the Grade 5 Science Quarter 3 Module 2 self-learning module, Conductors of Heat and Electricity, from the DepEd Alternative Delivery Mode series (First Edition, 2020). It was developed by DepEd Region VIII. It helps Grade 5 learners studying at home explore how materials let heat and electricity pass through them, and why metals are better conductors than non-metals.
On this page 8 sections
What learners will learn
After going through this module, learners are expected to:
- define conductors and insulators;
- describe the properties of materials that are good conductors of heat and electricity; and
- classify materials that are conductors and insulators.
Lessons in this module
- Lesson 1: Conductors and Insulators. Learners start with questions such as why you do not get shocked when you touch an electric cord, and how heat moves from one object to another. A crossword reviews the key terms conduction, insulator, heat, conductor, and electricity.
- Lesson 2: Properties of Good Conductors. Learners find out why some materials, mainly metals, carry heat and electricity well. They study the parts of a power cord and test whether salt water or tap water conducts electricity.
Key ideas: conductors and insulators
- A conductor is a material that allows heat or electricity to pass through it. Examples in the module include copper, aluminum, iron, gold, silver, brass, steel, and nickel. Stainless steel is an iron-based metal.
- An insulator is a material that does not allow heat or electricity to pass through it, such as rubber, plastic, wood, and cloth.
- Conduction is the transfer of heat from one place to another through direct contact. It is how heat moves through solids.
The module uses a power cord as an everyday example. Its inner wire is made of aluminum or copper, which is a conductor. The wire is covered by a layer of rubber or plastic and then a thick rubber or plastic outer layer, which are insulators. The covering keeps people from getting an electric shock when they plug in a wire. The same idea explains why cooking pots are made of metal but their handles are made of plastic.
Key ideas: why metals conduct well
Metals contain free electrons that move easily through the metal. These electrons gain energy when they bump into hot atoms and pass it on when they bump into cold atoms. When a metal is heated, its atoms and free electrons vibrate, so heat and electricity are carried faster. Non-metals do not have free electrons, so they are poor conductors.
Good conductors are solids whose atoms are packed very closely. The more compact the atoms, the better the conductor. The module compares them this way:
| Good conductors | Poor conductors |
|---|---|
| Gain heat quickly | Gain heat slowly |
| Increase in temperature quickly | Increase in temperature slowly |
| Lose heat quickly | Lose heat slowly |
| Decrease in temperature quickly | Decrease in temperature slowly |
| Conduct heat from a hot to a cold object quickly | Conduct heat from a hot to a cold object slowly |
| Can be hammered and are shiny | Are brittle |
Activities and safety
- Activity 1: Test for Conductors. Learners build a simple circuit with dry cells, small bulbs, copper wire, metal paper clips, and wooden skewers. They dip the clips into a glass of salt water and a glass of tap water to see which one lights the bulb.
- Activity 2. Learners decide what to do if they want to plug in a television while their hands are wet. The module’s answer: dry your hands first and wear something that insulates, like rubber slippers, because handling a plug with wet hands can give you an electric shock.
- What I Can Do. Learners classify everyday items as conductors or insulators, such as a sweater, frying pan, rubber slippers, kettle, towel, cooking pot, gloves, and wooden door.
How to use this module
The module follows the usual self-learning module parts: What I Need to Know, What I Know (a 10-item pretest), the lessons with What’s In, What’s New, What is It, and What’s More, then What I Have Learned, What I Can Do, the Assessment, and Additional Activities. An answer key is at the end.
- Learners: Take the pretest first to see what you already know. Then work through each part in order. Write all answers on a separate sheet of paper and do not mark the module. Check your work with the answer key honestly.
- Parents and facilitators: Activity 1 uses dry cells, wires, and bulbs. The module reminds learners to take safety precautions and ask an adult for help, so stay with your child during this activity.
- Teachers: Notes to the Teacher are included to guide home-based learning. Please review the answer key before sharing it with learners. Some printed answers do not match the lesson, for example in the Assessment items about electric wires being made of metal and about wood and plastic being conductors.
Frequently asked questions
What grade and quarter is this Science module for?
It is for Grade 5 Science, Quarter 3, Module 2. Its title is Conductors of Heat and Electricity.
What lessons does the module cover?
It has two lessons: Lesson 1, Conductors and Insulators, and Lesson 2, Properties of Good Conductors.
What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator?
A conductor lets heat or electricity pass through it, like copper or a metal spoon. An insulator does not let heat or electricity pass through, like rubber, plastic, or wood.
Why are metals good conductors of heat and electricity?
Metals have free electrons that move easily and carry energy through the metal. Their atoms are also closely packed. Non-metals have no free electrons, so they conduct poorly.
Does the module have an answer key?
Yes, answer keys for the pretest, activities, and assessment are at the end of the module. Teachers should check it first, because a few printed answers do not match the lesson.
Full text of the module
The text below is a transcription of the PDF above, as printed.
Science Quarter 3 – Module 2: Conductors of Heat and Electricity
5
Science Quarter 3 – Module 2: Conductors of Heat and Electricity
[illustration: students reading and studying outdoors and indoors, with a teacher, a globe, and a lamp]
CO_Q3_Science 5_ Module 2
Science – Grade 5 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 3 – Module 2: Conductors of Heat and Electricity First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Michelle O. Mallo
Editors: Carmen R. Lim, Florita L. Lee, Melanie P. Enriquez, Ryan R. Tiu
Reviewers: Rhea A. Alconaba, Nestor Allan M. Matutes
Illustrators: Kristina C. Aguirre, Elpidio S. Palacio Jr., Jose Marie E. Baculi
Layout Artist: Marjorie P. Gabumpa, Jecson L. Oafallas
Management Team: Ma. Gemma M. Ledesma, Arnulfo M. Balane, Rosemarie M. Guino, Joy B. Bihag, Ryan R. Tiu, Marilyn B. Siao, Roberto N. Mangaliman, Ma. Luz I. Orbe, Cecilia A. Arga, Eveliza S. Quinoñes
Printed in the Philippines by _____
Department of Education – Region VIII Office Address: Government Center, Candahug, Palo, Leyte Telefax: 053 – 832-2997 E-mail Address: region8@deped.gov.ph
5
Science Quarter 3 – Module 2: Conductors of Heat and Electricity
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
[illustration: bullseye target with an arrow]
This module was designed and written with you in mind. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of learners. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
Specifically, this lesson is to let you explore how materials conduct heat and electricity. However, for you to better understand the lesson, the module is divided into two lessons, namely:
- Lesson 1 – Conductors and Insulators
- Lesson 2 – Properties of Good Conductors
After going through this module, you are expected to:
- define conductors and insulators;
- describe the properties of materials that are good conductors of heat and electricity; and
- classify materials that are conductors and insulators.
What I Know
[illustration: pencil icon]
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
What do we call a material that allows electricity to pass through it?
A. conduction
B. conductor
C. insulator
D. metalWhich is an example of conductor?
A. book
B. cloth
C. copper wire
D. paper plateWhat do we call a material that does not allow the electricity and heat to pass through it?
A. conductor
B. insulator
C. iron
D. wireWhich is an example of insulator?
A. book
B. copper
C. metal fork
D. silverWhat do we call the transfer of heat in solid?
A. conduction
B. conductor
C. insulator
D. radiationWhy are cooking utensils made up of metal but the handles are made of plastic?
A. Metal is hard while plastic is soft.
B. Metal is expensive but plastic is cheaper.
C. Metal is not brittle while plastic is brittle.
D. Metal is a good conductor of heat while plastic is a poor conductor of heat.Which of the following consists of objects that are good conductors of heat?
A. steel, paper towel, paper
B. gold, pencil, tape
C. iron wire, thumb tacks, steel ruler
D. aluminum cup, wood, clothWhat is the difference between a conductor and an insulator?
A. An insulator is durable, while a conductor is not.
B. A conductor is durable, while an insulator is not.
C. An insulator allows heat to flow through it easily while a conductor does not.
D. A conductor allows heat to flow through it easily while an insulator does not.Which of the following is a good conductor?
A. cloth
B. metal
C. plastic
D. woodAll of the following statements are correct, EXCEPT one. Which one is it?
A. Metals are non-ductile while non-metals are ductile.
B. Metals are opaque while non-metals are transparent.
C. Metals are lustrous while non-metals are not lustrous.
D. Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity while non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
Lesson 1 Conductors and Insulators
Electricity is one of the important things in our lives. Our appliances and gadgets at home requires electricity to function. Have you ever wondered how does electricity reach your homes? Have you ever asked yourself why you don’t get electrically shocked when you touch an electric cord?
Have you also wondered why a material becomes hot whenever it gets near to fire or even just putting it to a hot object? How is heat transferred from one object to another?
What’s In
[illustration: jigsaw puzzle piece icon]
Directions: Solve the puzzle by using the clues below.
[chart: crossword puzzle grid; What’s In]
transcriber’s note: the grid is printed as a crossword with clue numbers 1 to 5 placed on the grid. The printed letters are N (in the row of clue 1, third cell from the left of the across entry), T and O (in the same across row), and T (in the row of clue 5). All other cells are blank.
Across
- heat transfer through direct contact
- the flow of electrical power or charge
Down 2. materials that do not transfer electricity and heat 3. a form of energy that keeps us warm 4. materials that allow electricity and heat to transfer
Lesson 2 Properties of Good Conductors
You have learned in the previous lesson the difference between a conductor and an insulator. Have you ever tried putting at the same time a metal spoon and a plastic spoon on a cup of hot water? What kind of spoon becomes hot quickly? Why is it that there are materials that are good conductors of heat and electricity?
In this lesson, you will learn what materials are good conductors of heat and electricity.
What’s In
Directions: Write C if the material is conductor and I if the material is insulator.
- Iron
- Glass
- Rock
- Plastic
- Silver
- Metal hair clip
- Metal spoon
- Cloth
- Nails
- Paper clip
What’s New
Directions: Study the picture below and answer the following guide questions.
[chart: diagram of a power cord with labels; untitled]
- ALUMINUM OR COPPER WIRE, CONDUCTOR (arrow to the innermost wires)
- RUBBER OR PLASTIC LAYER, INSULATOR (arrow to the colored layers; red, green, and blue bands)
- THICK RUBBER OR PLASTIC OUTER LAYER, INSULATOR
Illustrated by Jose Marie E. Baculi
Guide Questions:
- What material is used on the inner part of the wire?
- What material is used for the outer part of the wire?
- Why is copper commonly used in our electrical wirings?
- What do you think will happen if there is no plastic or rubber that covers the wire?
What is It
Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity. It contains free electrons where it moves through the metal easily. Electrons gain kinetic energy when it collides with hot atoms and pass on energy when they collide with cold atoms.
[chart: diagram of movement of atoms; Figure 4. Movement of atoms]
- Labels: Free electron; Metal atom
- Values are not labeled on the chart.
Illustrated by Jose Marie E. Baculi
Figure 4. Movement of atoms
When metals are heated, atoms and free electrons vibrates that causes the transfer of heat and electricity faster.
[chart: diagram of movement of atoms when heated in a metal material; Figure 5: Movement of atoms when heated in a metal material]
- Labels: Higher Temperature; Lower Temperature; Heat
- Values are not labeled on the chart.
Illustrated by Jose Marie E. Baculi
Figure 5: Movement of atoms when heated in a metal material
Copper and aluminum are metals so they are good conductors of heat and electricity. Stainless steel is an iron-based metal. Iron, gold, silver, brass, steel, copper, and nickel are also good conductors of heat and electricity.
Non-Metals do not have free electrons that is why they are not as good as metal when it comes to conduction of heat and electricity.
[chart: diagram of movement of atoms when heated in a non-metal material; Figure 6: Movement of atoms when heated in a non-metal material]
- Labels: insulator (top right); hot (bottom left); cold (bottom right)
- Values are not labeled on the chart.
Illustrated by Jose Marie E. Baculi
Figure 6: Movement of atoms when heated in a non-metal material
Good conductors are solids that have atoms that are very compact. The more compact the atoms the better conductors it will be.
| Good Conductors | Poor Conductors |
|---|---|
| • gain heat quickly • increase in temperature quickly • lose heat quickly • decrease in temperature quickly • conduct heat from a hot to a cold object quickly • can be hammered • shinny | • gain heat slowly • increase in temperature slowly • lose heat slowly • decrease in temperature slowly • conduct heat from a hot to a cold object slowly • brittle |
What’s More
Activity 1: Test for Conductors
Reminder: Take precautionary measures and ask assistance from an adult in doing the activity.
What you need:
- 1 glass with salt water (glass A)
- 1 glass with tap water (glass B)
- 2 wooden skewers
- 4 big metal paper clips
- 2 dry cells
- 2 small light bulbs
- Electrical wire (copper wire)
What to do:
- Put wire on one end of the dry cell and a light bulb to the other end.
- Use another wire and put one end of it in the same bulb then attach another end to the paper clip.
- Put another wire to the end of the dry cell and attach the one end of the wire to another paper clip.
- Hang the two clips on the wooden skewers and hang it across glass A. Make sure that the end part of the clips touches the water.
- Do the same with glass B.
Guide Questions:
- Which glass did the bulb light? Why?
- Which liquid is the best conductor of electricity? Why?
Activity 2
Directions: Analyze the situation below and answer the given question. Write your answer on another sheet of paper.
Suppose you are going to watch a movie on a television, but the wire is unplugged and your hand is wet, what are you going to do so that the electricity will not pass through your hand/body? What precautionary safety measures will you observe in handling the electrical appliances?
What I Have Learned
Let us take a look at the concepts that you have learned from this module:
- A conductor is a material that allows heat or electricity to pass through.
- An insulator is a material that does not allow heat or electricity to pass through.
- Copper, aluminum, iron, gold, silver, and steel are conductors of heat and electricity.
- Conduction is the transfer of heat from one place to another through direct contact.
- Non-metals do not have free electrons that is why they are not good conductors of heat and electricity.
- Since metals are good conductors of electricity, electric wires are made of metals like copper.
- Good conductors are solid materials that have atoms that are very dense.
- Electricity can easily flow through good conductors.
What I Can Do
A. Directions: Identify if the material is an insulator or conductor. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
[illustration: sweater, frying pan, bonnet or cap, rubber slippers, and kettle]
Illustrated by Kristina C. Aguirre and Jose Marie E. Baculi
1.sweater 2. frying pan 3.bonnet / cap 4.rubber slippers 5. kettle
[illustration: light bulb, towel, cooking pot, gloves, and wooden door]
Illustrated by Kristina C. Aguirre and Jose Marie E. Baculi
6.light bulb 7. towel 8. cooking pot 9. gloves 10. wooden door
B. Directions: Read each statement below. Choose and write the letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.
What do we call a material that allows electricity to pass through it?
a. conduction
b. conductor
c. insulator
d. metalYour mother wants to cook egg faster. Which of the following materials will she use?
a. Aluminum pot
b. Clay pot
c. Plastic pot
d. Rubber potWhy are cooking utensils made up of metal and the handles are made of plastic?
a. Metal is hard while plastic is soft
b. Metal is expensive while plastic is cheaper.
c. Metal is not brittle while plastic is brittle.
d. Metal is a good conductor of heat while plastic is a poor conductor of heat.Which of the following consists of objects that are good conductors of heat?
a. steel, paper towel, paper
b. gold, pencil, tape
c. iron wire, thumb tacks, steel ruler
d. aluminum cup, wood, clothWhich is a good conductor?
a. Fruits
b. Metals
c. Plastics
d. Wood products
Assessment
A. Directions: Write True if the statement is correct and False if not. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
- A plastic is a great conductor of electricity.
- Electricity can easily flow through conductors.
- Glass and air allow electricity to pass through them.
- Since metals are good conductors of electricity, electric wires are made of metals.
- Wood, plastic, glass and rubber are conductors. They allow electricity to flow through them.
B. Directions: Enumerate at least five (5) properties of good conductors. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Additional Activities
Directions: Define conductors and insulators. Give five examples for each. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
- Conductors-
Example: - Insulators-
Example:
Answer Key
[transcriber’s note: this page is printed rotated 180 degrees inside its box, and the crossword grid is rotated; the answers are listed below in reading order]
What I Know
- b
- c
- b
- a
- a
- d
- c
- d
- b
- c
Lesson 1
What’s In
[chart: crossword puzzle; What’s In, Lesson 1]
Across and down answers as printed:
- CONDUCTION
- INSULATOR
- HEAT
- CONDUCTOR
- ELECTRICITY
What’s New
(possible answers)
- The metal spoon became hot.
- The heat of the spoon came from the lighted candle.
What’s More
Activity 1:
Guide Questions: (Possible answers)
- Some of the materials became hot.
- Not all. Some of the materials became hot and some did not.
- Conduction
- Coin, metal paperclip, and metal fork are good conductors of heat.
- Rubber band, paper, toothpick, and pencil are insulators of heat.
Activity 2:
| Insulators | Conductors |
|---|---|
| cotton cement paper eyeglasses pencil | scissors water coins nails metal paperclip |
Lesson 2
What’s In
- C
- I
- I
- I
- C
- C
- C
- I
- C
- C
What’s New
- The copper is used in the inner part of the wire.
- A rubber is used in the outer layer of the wire.
- Copper is used because it is a good conductor of electricity.
- So that we will not be electrocuted while plugging a wire.
What’s More
Activity 2 (Possible answer)
It is dangerous to handle the plug of the television with wet hands. Doing this may result in receiving an electric shock. Therefore, hands must be dried first and something insulator like rubber slipper must be worn.
What I Can Do
- insulator
- conductor
- insulator
- insulator
- conductor
- conductor
- insulator
- conductor
- insulator
- insulator
What I Can Do
- B
- A
- D
- C
- D
Assessment
A.
- False
- True
- False
- False
- True
B. (Possible answers)
- Conductors gain heat quickly.
- It has high density.
- It is ductile.
- It is malleable.
- It has high melting point.
Additional Activities
(Possible answers)
A.
- Conductors are materials that allow the heat and electricity to pass through, example: steel, copper, metal spoon.
- Materials that do not transfer electricity. They are made up of atoms with electrons that are tightly bond. If the electrons can’t move, then no electricity is produced. Example: rubber, plastic, wood.
B.
- ✓
- ✓
- ✓
- X
- ✓
- ✓
- X
- ✓
- ✓
- ✓
References
Online Sources
“BEAM 4 Unit 6 DLP 45: How Heat Travels?”. 2014. Deped LR Portal. Accessed March 25, 2021. https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/6708.
“BEAM 5 DLP 32 – Classifying Materials into Conductors and Insulators”. 2014. Deped LR Portal. Accessed March 25, 2021. https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/6754.
“MISOSA 4: Methods of Heat Transfer”. 2014. Deped LR Portal. Accessed March 26, 2021. https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/6537.
“Proper Use of Electricity”. 2010. Deped LR Portal. Accessed March 26, 2021. https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/511.
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)
Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985
Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph
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