This is a self-learning module (SLM) for English 5, Quarter 1, Module 4, Lesson 2: Composing Descriptive Sentences Using Different Kinds of Adjectives. It was developed by DepEd Region VIII for home-based learning. It teaches Grade 5 learners what adjectives are and how to use three kinds of them, proper, compound, and predicate adjectives, to write clear, descriptive sentences.
What learners will learn
By the end of the module, learners should be able to:
- define adjectives;
- use adjectives to describe someone or something;
- identify and use different kinds of adjectives in sentences; and
- appreciate the use of appropriate words to describe a person, a thing, or an event.
What an adjective is
An adjective is a word that describes a noun or pronoun. Writers use adjectives to add information about a person, a thing, or an event. This gives readers a clearer picture of what the writer means.
The three kinds of adjectives in this lesson
| Kind | What it is | Examples from the module |
|---|---|---|
| Proper adjective | Formed from a proper noun, so it starts with a capital letter | Filipino food, Waray language, Hungarian sausage, Cebuano dialect |
| Compound adjective | Two words joined to make a new meaning, usually with a hyphen | two-day vacation, well-known singer, one-eyed monster |
| Predicate adjective | Comes after a linking verb and describes the subject | The dress looks elegant. The food tastes good. |
Proper adjectives
Proper adjectives come from the names of people, cities, countries, brands, and events. Like proper nouns, they are capitalized. For example, in “Mediana’s residence,” the word Mediana’s answers “Whose residence?”
Compound adjectives
Compound adjectives join two words, and the hyphen keeps the meaning clear. Examples: “Our family enjoyed the two-day vacation we had in Palawan” and “The good-looking actor has a new TV commercial.”
Predicate adjectives
A predicate adjective is a subject complement. It follows a linking verb or verb phrase such as is, am, were, taste, look, sound, have been, and did seem. It describes the subject, as in “Liza Soberano is pretty.”
Where adjectives go
Proper and compound adjectives usually come before the word they describe. Predicate adjectives come after a linking verb, away from the word they describe.
Parts and activities of the module
- What I Know (pretest): Learners mark words as adjectives (A) or not (N). Then they sort words such as Nike, nervous, Philippine, two-page, and second-hand into proper, compound, and predicate adjectives.
- What’s In: Learners supply an adjective for a description, for example “a chair made of wood” (wooden chair).
- What’s New: Learners write at least two adjectives about a role model, an event, a famous delicacy, and a tourist spot in their town, city, or province.
- What Is It: The discussion of the three kinds of adjectives.
- What’s More: Learners identify the kind of underlined adjective, complete sentences, and describe pictures.
- What I Have Learned: A summary of the lesson.
- What I Can Do: Learners describe people in their community using Japanese, excellent, Filipino, well-known, and well-behaved in sentences.
- Assessment: A five-item multiple-choice test, plus writing sentences with kind-hearted, magical, American, blue-eyed, and soft.
- Additional Activities: Learners write five sentences with different kinds of adjectives about a favorite food, place, movie, book, or teacher.
How to use this module
- Learners: Start with the pretest, then work through each part in order. Write all answers in your notebook or on a separate answer sheet, not on the module. Check your work with the answer key at the end, and be honest when you use it.
- Parents and facilitators: Help your child read the directions carefully. Many writing tasks have answers that may vary, so look for sentences that use adjectives correctly rather than one exact answer.
- Teachers: The answer key covers the pretest, What’s In, What’s More, and Assessment Activity 1. Before checking, review Assessment item 4. The key marks “handsome” in “Noel is a handsome boy” as a predicate adjective, but the word comes before the noun. You may want to discuss this item with your learners.
Frequently asked questions
What grade and quarter is this module for?
It is for Grade 5 English, Quarter 1, Module 4, Lesson 2, as printed on the cover and in the module code CO_Q1_English5_Module4_Lesson2.
What kinds of adjectives does the lesson cover?
It covers proper adjectives (formed from proper nouns, like Filipino), compound adjectives (two joined words, like well-known), and predicate adjectives (adjectives after a linking verb, like good in The food tastes good).
Does the module have an answer key?
Yes. The answer key covers the pretest, What’s In, What’s More, and Assessment Activity 1. The open-ended writing tasks are marked answers may vary.
What is a predicate adjective?
It is an adjective that follows a linking verb such as is, look, taste, or sound and describes the subject. In The dress looks elegant, elegant describes the dress.
Why are compound adjectives hyphenated?
According to the module, the hyphen joins the two words so the new meaning is clear and readers are not confused, as in two-day vacation.
Full text of the module
The text below is a transcription of the PDF above, as printed.
English Quarter 1 – Module 4 Lesson 2: Composing Descriptive Sentences Using Different Kinds of Adjectives
5
English Quarter 1 – Module 4 Lesson 2: Composing Descriptive Sentences Using Different Kinds of Adjectives
[illustration: students and a teacher at lessons outdoors and at home, with a globe and a lamp]
CO_Q1_English5_Module4_Lesson2
English – Grade 5 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 4, Lesson 2: Composing Descriptive Sentences Using Different Kinds of Adjectives First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that no copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writers: Belinda C. Mediana Editors: Maria Celeste L. Vincoy, Dean Ric M. Endriano, Rustum D. Geonzon, Gertrudes C. Mabutin, and Jovy Y. Salinas Reviewers: ReymarcJonvil F. Dacallos, Dina S. Superable, and Ronalene J. Añonuevo Illustrators: Mery Ezel C. Guande and Rosalinda C. Platino Layout Artists: Janssen Louel C. Dabuet and Gibson J. Gayda
Management Team:
Ramir B. Uytico Arnulfo M. Balane Rosemarie M. Guino Joy B. Bihag Ryan R. Tiu Dean Ric M. Endriano Teodorico C. Peliño Jr. Carmela R. Tamayo Moises D. Labian Jr. Antonio F. Caveiro Josefina F. Dacallos Faustino M. Tobes Rustum D. Geonzon
Printed in the Philippines by _____ Department of Education – Region VIII Office Address: Government Center, Candahug, Palo, Leyte
Telefax: 053 – 832-2997 Email Address: region8@deped.gov.ph
5
English Quarter 1 – Module 4 Lesson 2: Composing Descriptive Sentences Using Different Kinds of Adjectives
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) has been created so that you can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. These will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson.
At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Good luck and happy learning!
What I Need to Know
[illustration: target with an arrow]
In composing informative and creative texts, writers select the best words that will help them convey their ideas more clearly. They use descriptive words to give additional information about a person, a thing, or an event. These words are modifiers of nouns and pronouns. They are called adjectives.
In this module you will learn to:
- define adjectives;
- use adjectives to describe someone or something;
- identify and use different kinds of adjectives in sentences; and
- appreciate the use of appropriate words to describe a person, a thing, or an event.
What I Know
[illustration: pencil]
Activity 1
Directions: Analyze each word. Write A if it is an adjective and N if it is not. Write your answers in your notebook.
- book _____
- write _____
- clean _____
- begin _____
- pretty _____
- study _____
- happy _____
- leave _____
- delicious _____
- wonderful _____
Activity 2
Directions: Pick out the adjectives inside the box and place them on the column accordingly. The first three adjectives are already provided as examples.
Nike nervous Philippine two-page Tinikling warm-blooded sweet second-hand
| PROPER ADJECTIVES | COMPOUND ADJECTIVES | PREDICATE ADJECTIVES |
|---|---|---|
| Tinikling dance | warm-blooded animals | Kathryn is sweet. |
| culture | document | You look _____. |
| shoes | car |
Lesson 2: Composing Descriptive Sentences Using Different Kinds of Adjectives
[illustration: puzzle pieces]
What’s In
Directions: Think of an adjective that matches the description. Write the adjective in your notebook.
a car that has just been bought from a factory
– carcountries in Asia like the Philippines and Singapore
_______________ countriesan anniversary being celebrated on the 50th year
_______________ anniversarya chair made of wood
________________ chair
5. a building with ten floors _________________ building
What’s New
Directions: Identify a specific person, place, thing, or idea that is connected to your town, city, or province, then write at least two adjectives about it on the small square next to it.
[chart: graphic organizer; no number or title printed. A 2 by 2 grid of blank squares, with labels around it:]
- Top left (above a blank line): a role model
- Top right (above a blank line): an event
- Bottom left (above a blank line): famous delicacy
- Bottom right (above a blank line): a tourist spot
[illustration: leaf in a pot]
What Is It
An adjective is a word that is used to describe a noun or pronoun. It helps you express your ideas more clearly by allowing you to give additional information about words. Adjectives also help the readers to have a clearer picture of what the writer is talking about.
Recall your lesson on proper nouns. Remember that these are nouns that are capitalized and usually come from the names of people, cities, countries, brands, events, and the like. Like proper nouns, there are also adjectives that need to be capitalized; they are called proper adjectives. A proper adjective is a word that modifies nouns and pronouns and is formed from a proper noun.
Take a look at the words on the table.
| ADJECTIVE | NOUN | (Whose residence?) |
|---|---|---|
| Mediana’s | residence | Mediana’s |
| Filipino | food | (What kind of food?) Filipino |
| Waray | language | (What kind of language?) Waray |
[illustration: magnifying glass]
Mediana’s, Filipino, and Waray are proper adjectives.
On the other hand, some adjectives are formed by joining two different words to give a new meaning. These adjectives are called compound adjectives. They are usually hyphenated (-) to avoid confusion.
Consider the following examples:
- Our family enjoyed the two-day vacation we had in Palawan.
- Sarah Geronimo is a well-known singer.
Moreover, there are other adjectives that come after a linking verb and modify the subject of the linking verb. They are called predicate adjectives.
A predicate adjective is a subject complement, a word, or group of words that follows a linking verb or verb phrase such as is, am, were, taste, look, sound, have been, and did seem.
Study the following sentences:
[chart: sentence diagram; untitled]
- Labels above the boxes: subject, linking verb, predicate adjective
- Sentence 1 boxes: “The dress” | “looks” | “elegant.”
- Arrow labeled: modifies
- Sentence 1 caption: In this sentence, the word elegant modifies the dress.
- Sentence 2 boxes: “The food” | “tastes” | “good.”
- Arrow labeled: modifies
- Sentence 2 caption: In this sentence, the word good modifies the food.
So far, you have encountered three types of adjectives: proper adjectives, compound adjectives, and predicate adjectives. The first two are usually written before the word they modify.
Proper Adjectives I love Hungarian sausage.
Do you speak the Cebuano dialect?
Compound Adjectives A cyclops is a one-eyed monster.
The good-looking actor has a new TV commercial.
[transcriber’s note: curved arrows above or below each bolded adjective in the examples point to the word it modifies; the arrows are not transcribed]
The last one (predicate adjectives) are written far from the word they modify and placed after a linking verb.
Predicate Adjectives Liza Soberano is pretty.
Many doctors and nurses in our hospital are tired.
What’s More
A. Directions: Identify whether the underlined word is a proper adjective, a compound adjective, or a predicate adjective. Write only the letter that corresponds to your answer and write it in your notebook.
- My cousin prefers Filipino food over Italian food.
- A. proper adjective
- B. compound adjective
- C. predicate adjective
- A dog is a four-legged animal.
- A. proper adjective
- B. compound adjective
- C. predicate adjective
B. Directions: Complete each sentence by supplying the appropriate adjective. Select your answer from the box and write it in your notebook.
three -layered good four-wheeled Bicolano six-page
For example: Lina wants a three-layered cake. (compound adjective)
- Lara is a _____ girl. (predicate adjective)
- Do you enjoy spicy _____ food? (proper adjective)
- Cardo’s Aunt bought a _____ vehicle. (compound adjective)
C. Directions: Study each picture below. Then describe each using the kind of adjective being asked. Write your answer in your notebook.
- [photo: dancer in a traditional costume]
_____ dance (proper adjective)
(a dance originating in India)
- [illustration: circular arrows forming a cycle]
_____ cycle (compound adjective)
(a cycle that never ends)
- [photo: a black dress]
_____ dress (predicate adjective)
(a dress with a particular color)
- [photo: a stack of papers]
_____ document (compound adjective)
(a document that contains five pages)
- [illustration: smiling face holding a plate of food]
._____ food (Predicate adjective)
(food that you like because of its taste)
What I Have Learned
An adjective is a word that is used to describe a noun or pronoun. There are different kinds of adjectives, namely: proper adjective, compound adjective, and predicate adjective.
More specifically, proper adjectives are words that modify nouns and pronouns and are formed from a proper noun. On the other hand, some adjectives are formed by joining two different words to give a new meaning. These adjectives are called compound adjectives. They are usually hyphenated to avoid confusion.
Also, there are other adjectives that come after a linking verb and modify the subject of the linking verb. They are called predicate adjectives. A predicate adjective is a subject complement, a word, or group of words that follows a linking verb or verb phrase such as is, am, were, taste, look, sound, have been and did seem.
Overall, adjectives help us describe the qualities of the nouns and pronouns in writing. Likewise, they give the reader a complete picture of what you are writing about.
What I Can Do
Directions: Think of a person or people in your community. Then describe them using the following adjectives in a sentence. Write your answers in your notebook.
- Japanese
- excellent
- Filipino
- well-known
- well-behaved
Assessment
Activity 1
Directions: On your answer sheet, write only the letter that corresponds to your answer.
- The word that is used to modify a noun or a pronoun is called _____.
- A. an adjective
- B. a verb
- C. a preposition
- My father loves Filipino food. The underlined word is a _____.
- A. proper adjective
- B. compound adjective
- C. predicate adjective
- David bought a _____ car.
- A. two door
- B. two-door
- C. two doors
- Noel is a handsome boy. The underlined word is a _____.
- A. proper adjective
- B. compound adjective
- C. predicate adjective
- The owner of that big house has a _____ dog.
- A. well behave
- B. well-behave
- C. well-behaved
Activity 2
Directions: Use the following adjectives in a sentence. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
- kind-hearted
- magical
- American
- blue-eyed
- soft
Additional Activities
Directions: Compose five sentences using the different kinds of adjectives about any of the topics below. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
Favorite food _____
Favorite place _____
Favorite movie _____
Favorite book _____
Favorite Teacher _____
Answer Key
[transcriber’s note: this page is printed rotated 180 degrees; the sections are transcribed upright, one column at a time]
Additional Activities
Answers may vary.
Assessment
Activity 1
- A
- A
- B
- C
- C
Activity 2
Answers may vary.
What I Can Do
Answers may vary.
What’s More
- A
- B
- good
- Bicolano
- four-wheeled
- Indian
- never-ending
- black
- five-page
- delicious, tasty, yummy
What’s In
- brand-new, newly-bought, newly purchased
- Asian
- golden, fifty-year
- wooden
- ten-story, ten-floor
What I Know
Activity 1
- N
- N
- A
- N
- A
- N
- A
- N
- A
- A
Activity 2
Proper Adjectives
- Tinikling dance
- Philippine culture
- Nike shoes
Compound Adjectives
- warm-blooded animal
- two-page document
- second-hand car
Predicate Adjectives
- Kathryn is sweet.
- You look nervous.
References
“Adjective,” In Cambridge Dictionary. Accessed May 29, 2020. https://www.google.com/amp/dictionary.cambridge.org/amp/english/adjective.
“Clip art for Indian dancer, cycle, tasty food emoji,” Accessed June 12, 2020, clipartlibrary.com
Hernandez-Rivero, Clarissa. Comprehensive English Handbook.
“Predicative adjective”. In oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com. Accessed May 29, 2020. https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/predicative.
‘What Is a Compound Adjective?” Accessed June 12, 2020 https://www.fluentland.com/what-is-a-compound-adjective-definition-list-and-examples/.
[transcriber’s note: the URL for the last reference is split across two lines in the original, after “https://”; it is joined here]
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education –Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)
Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985
Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph* blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph
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