This is the Grade 9 Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) Housekeeping self-learning module for Quarter 2, Module 1: Select and Set Up Equipment and Materials. It was developed by DepEd Region IX for home-based learning. It teaches learners how to choose the right cleaning tools, machines, and chemicals for a job, and how to prepare and check them safely before cleaning.
The module is part of a Learning Kit that uses competency-based training (CBT) and competency-based assessment (CBA). CBT focuses on what a worker must be able to do at work, to the standard employers expect. CBA collects evidence to judge how well a learner can perform those duties.
On this page 8 sections
What learners will learn
After going through this module, learners are expected to:
- select appropriate cleaning tools and equipment with their proper uses and functions;
- follow safety and security measures when using cleaning tools and equipment; and
- identify and use dry and wet cleaning agents and chemicals for a particular task.
Lessons in this module
The module has one lesson, Lesson 1: Select and Set up Equipment and Materials. It covers large and small cleaning equipment, cleaning agents and the pH scale, personal protective equipment (PPE), rules for handling chemicals, and checks for defective cleaning tools.
Cleaning equipment
The module says commercial or industrial equipment is generally better than domestic equipment. It is sturdier, has a larger capacity, and is fitted with larger electric motors. Equipment is usually kept in a cleaning storeroom, and there are often legal requirements for storing cleaning chemicals.
Large equipment
- Vacuum cleaners: suck up dust and dirt from floors and drapes. Dry vacuums are for dry surfaces only. Wet vacuums pick up liquid spills. Backpack vacuums work well between tables and chairs.
- Carpet shampoo machines: shampoo, dry-clean, or steam clean carpets. Carpets may stay damp afterwards, which matters in high-traffic areas.
- Polishers: buffers are low-speed machines for stripping, scrubbing, and low-speed polishing. Burnishers are high-speed machines that give vinyl floors a high-gloss finish.
- Pads: colours vary by manufacturer. As a guide, black and green pads are for stripping; red, brown, and blue pads are for scrubbing; white and grey pads are for buffing.
- Floor machines: one machine that can scrub, polish, strip, and shampoo. These are common in smaller businesses.
- Sweepers, scrubbers, and pressure washers: used for large areas, hard surfaces, and high-pressure water cleaning of kitchens, driveways, car parks, building exteriors, and vehicles.
Small equipment
- Mops: dusting mops, polishing mops, and washing mops.
- Brooms and brushes: for example scrubbing, sink, wall, cobweb, and yard brooms. Yard brooms have stiff bristles for outdoor use.
- Cloths and sponges: sponges are for damp cleaning; cloths are for cleaning, polishing, and dusting.
- Buckets: hold water and cleaning agents. Mop buckets have rollers to remove excess water.
- Garbage receptacles and warning signs: warning signs alert customers or staff while an area is being cleaned.
- Ancillary items: extension cords, keys or cards, communication devices, trolleys and caddies, door stops, scouring pads, spray bottles, step ladders, and towels and rags.
Cleaning agents and the pH scale
The module advises keeping the number of cleaning chemicals to a minimum. Before choosing a chemical, think about the task, the surface, safety, how well it works, its smell, its labelling, and how it is dispensed and stored. The pH scale measures how acidic or alkaline a product is.
| Type | pH | Main use |
|---|---|---|
| General purpose detergents | 7 (neutral) | General cleaning on many surfaces |
| Acidic detergents | 1 to 6 | Ceramic surfaces |
| Alkaline detergents | 8 to 14 | Specialist tasks only; can be corrosive and harmful to skin |
Other agents covered:
- Solvents: dissolve heavy grease and oil. They are safe on metal but not on a lounge suite.
- Polishes: spirit-based polishes are for metal, windows, and mirrors. Oil-based polishes are for leather, wood, synthetic flooring, linoleum, and tiles.
- Abrasives: for scouring ceramic or enamel, such as toilet bowls. Do not use them on surfaces that scratch easily.
- Disinfectants: destroy disease-carrying micro-organisms. They have a strong scent, so use them only in toilets, bathrooms, and change areas, not in food areas.
- Deodorisers, pesticides, and sanitisers: sanitisers kill bacteria or reduce them to a safe level. Clean the surface with detergent first.
Safety: PPE, chemicals, and equipment checks
PPE includes overalls, aprons, gloves, breathing apparatus, rubber boots, goggles and face masks, ear protection, hard hats, and high-visibility vests. The module stresses that using PPE is mandatory, not optional.
The Golden Rule for chemicals is to always follow the manufacturer’s instructions. Other key rules:
- Never mix chemicals.
- Never store chemicals with food.
- Work in ventilated areas.
- Keep chemicals away from heat.
- Wash your hands after cleaning, even when you wore gloves.
Before cleaning, check your equipment:
- There are no sharp or jagged parts.
- Buckets do not leak.
- Electrical cords are not frayed.
- Battery-powered items are charged.
- You have enough items and attachments for the job.
The module ends the lesson with a 12-step preparation list. It starts with selecting large and small equipment and ends with never using unsafe equipment.
How to use this module
- What I Know: a 14-item matching pretest on housekeeping terms such as buffer, burnisher, MSDS, SOP, and stripping a floor.
- Lesson content: What’s In, What’s New, and What is It.
- What’s More: four portfolio tasks. Learners list equipment and their uses, identify chemicals for given jobs, list PPE, and write safety-check guidelines for one electrical machine. Learners submit this portfolio of written works to the teacher by the agreed date.
- What I Have Learned and Assessment: short written questions.
- What I Can Do and Additional Activities: an oral questioning task, rated Pass Competent (PC) or Not Yet Competent (NYC), and a dust mopping performance task.
For learners: write your answers on a separate sheet and do not mark the module. Use the answer key honestly.
For parents: help your child follow the steps in order, and encourage them to ask the teacher when they are stuck.
For teachers: use the oral questioning checklist and the dust mopping steps to assess competency, and set the portfolio deadline.
Frequently asked questions
What grade and quarter is this Housekeeping module for?
It is for Grade 9 TLE Housekeeping, Quarter 2, Module 1.
Does the module have an answer key?
Yes. It includes answers for the What I Know pretest, the What I Have Learned questions, and the Assessment.
What is the difference between a buffer and a burnisher?
A buffer is a low-speed machine for stripping, scrubbing, and low-speed polishing. A burnisher is a high-speed machine that gives vinyl floors a high-gloss finish.
Which pH levels do acidic and alkaline detergents have?
Acidic detergents have a pH of 1 to 6 and are used on ceramic surfaces. Alkaline detergents have a pH of 8 to 14 and are for specialist tasks only. A pH of 7 is neutral.
What do learners need to submit?
Learners complete a portfolio of written works from the What’s More tasks. They submit it to their teacher by the agreed date.
Full text of the module
The text below is a transcription of the PDF above, as printed.
Technology and Livelihood Education Housekeeping Quarter 2 – Module 1: Select and Set Up Equipment and Materials
9
[illustration: students studying under a tree and at a desk, with a globe, a lamp, and a child writing numbers]
CO_Q2_TLE9_Housekeeping_Module1
Housekeeping – Grade 9 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 1: Select and Set up Equipment and Materials First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writers: James B. De Los Reyes
Editors: Norviňa A. Tubongbanua
Reviewers: Laarni V. Miranda, Alma M. Beton
Layout Artist: James B. De Los Reyes
Management Team: Ruth L. Fuentes
Eugenio B. Penales
Sonia D. Gonzales
Roy C. Tuballa
Victoria D. Mangaser
Aida Coyme
Printed in the Philippines by _______________________
Department of Education – Region IX Office Address: Regional Center, Balintawak, Pagadian City E-mail Address: region9@deped.gov.ph
[transcriber’s note: this page repeats the cover title, with the number 9 and the DepEd logo; its text is not transcribed again]
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
Congratulations! This module is one part of a Learning Kit which is a resource provided to learners, teachers and assessors to help you become skilled and competent in various areas of Technical Vocational/ Technology and Livelihood Education.
The first thing you may notice is that this learning kit and the information you find in the Learner’s Manual seems different to the textbooks you have used previously. This is because the method of instruction and examination is different. The method used is called Competency based training (CBT) and Competency based assessment (CBA). CBT is a way of training that concentrates on what a worker can do or is required to do at work. The aim of the training is to enable trainees to perform tasks and duties at a standard expected by employers. CBT seeks to develop the skills, knowledge and attitudes (or recognize the ones the trainee already possesses) to achieve the required competency standard. CBA involves collecting evidence and making a judgement of the extent to which a learner can perform his/her duties at the required competency standard.
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master Housekeeping. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
- select appropriate cleaning tools and equipment with their proper uses and functions;
- follow safety and security measures when using cleaning tools and equipment; and
- identify and use dry and wet cleaning agents/ chemicals for a particular task.
What I Know
Match Column A (terms used to select and set up housekeeping equipment) with the correct answer on Column B (definitions and meanings). Write only the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet/ notebook.
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| _____1. Bio-waste | a. Personal Protective Equipment (and Clothing) |
| _____2. Buffer | b. Polishing |
| _____3. Buffing | c. Residual Current Device |
| _____4. Burnisher | d. Effort; hard work |
| _____5. Cleaning schedule | e. Level of acidity or alkalinity: 7 is neutral; 7 – 14 is alkaline; below 7 is acidic |
| _____6. Consumables | f. Items which are consumed/used a part of a process (and will need to be replenished) |
| _____7. Elbow grease | g. Removing wax (and dirt) from floor in preparation to re-sealing it |
| _____8. MSDS | h. Human waste |
| _____9. PPE | i. Work Instruction |
| _____10.Ph | j. List identifying when nominated itmes/areas must be cleaned |
| _____11.RCD | k. Standard Operating Procedure |
| _____12.SOP | l. Low-speed multi-purpose machine which can be used for stripping, scrubbing and low-speed buffing |
| _____13.Stripping a floor | m. High-speed floor polisher for providing high gloss finishes to vinyl floors |
| _____14.WI | n. Material Safety Data Sheet |
Lesson 1: Select and Set up Equipment and Materials
All cleaning tasks require the selection of the right equipment to complete the job. This lesson identifies a range of cleaning equipment and provides an indication of use and some relevant detail.
What’s In
Select the cleaning equipment to be used
[photo: person operating a floor buffer machine on a tiled floor]
All cleaning tasks require the selection of the right equipment to complete the job.
This section identifies a range of cleaning equipment and provides an indication of use and some relevant detail.
Overview
The type of cleaning equipment found in businesses will vary. Some have just the basics – many will have only ‘domestic’ cleaning equipment (that is, suitable/designed for homes) rather than commercial or industrial cleaning equipment.
Generally, commercial or industrial equipment is better because it is:
- Sturdier
- Larger capacity
- Fitted with larger electric motors (where applicable).
Other places boast an extensive range of the latest cleaning equipment with the ‘correct’ item for every cleaning job that needs doing.
The cleaning storeroom
[photo: cleaning trolley with mop buckets, wringers and mop handles]
Cleaning equipment is usually kept in a dedicated storage area – this may be a purpose-built cleaning storeroom where equipment, utensils, cleaning chemicals and protective clothing is kept.
Alternatively, equipment may be kept in an assortment of cupboards or other locations around the premises as space allows.
There are often legislated requirements applying to the storage of cleaning chemicals.
LARGE EQUIPMENT
Vacuum cleaners
[photo: grey canister vacuum cleaner with hose and floor nozzle]
Whatever the shape, size or style of vacuum cleaners, their job is to suck up dust and dirt off floor surfaces and drapes.
Most vacuum cleaners have a variety of attachments designed for specific purposes (such as crevice nozzles, extensions, brushes).
Dry vacuum cleaners can only be used on dry surfaces and to suck up dry material and not liquids/water.
Wet vacuum cleaners are designed to suck up liquid spills and can be used for wet cleaning of carpets.
Double-check the vacuum cleaner to verify it is designated as a ‘wet’ vacuum cleaner before using it on liquids: some vacuum cleaners are dual-purpose and can be used on wet or dry surfaces
‘Back pack’ vacuum cleaners are used in many situations where it would be difficult or time-consuming to use a machine that is pulled along the floor – such as when vacuuming between tables and chairs. A backpack style cleaner also reduces tripping hazards (although the cord still presents a hazard unless a battery-powered unit is being used).
Some companies refer to vacuum cleaners as ‘extractors’.
Carpet shampoo machines
Carpet shampoo machines can also come in a variety of shapes, sizes and styles.
As their name suggests they are used to shampoo, dry-clean and/or steam clean carpeted surfaces. They may also be referred to as ‘extractors’.
Remember carpets may be damp or wet after being shampooed (or steamed), so this needs to be taken into consideration before cleaning high traffic areas, both in terms of how the area will look and smell, and from a safety viewpoint.
All carpet shampoo machines must be used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
Polishers
Polishing a floor helps resist scratching and enhances appearance. Polishers may be:
- Buffers – these are low-speed machines (the pads revolve at relatively low speeds) suitable for multiple purposes such as stripping a floor, scrubbing and low-speed polishing
- Burnishers – these are high-speed machines (pads revolve at relatively high speeds) and they are used to provide the high-gloss finishes to vinyl floors.
[photo: floor scrubber machine on a store floor]
Pads
Polishers will use different pads depending on the type of job being done, and the weight and speed of the machine.
Each manufacturer can have their own colour-coding system for pads so check with the manufacturer to see what applies. As an indicator:
- Black pads and green pads may be used for stripping
● Red pads, brown pads and blue pads may be used for scrubbing ● White pads and grey pads may be used for buffing.
Floor machines
Many machines are available that combine the functions of different machines. These can be referred to as ‘floor machines’.
The one machine may, then, have the capacity to: ● Scrub ● Polish ● Strip ● Shampoo.
[photo: floor machine polishing a hallway floor]
These combination machines tend to be used in smaller businesses where there is no justification in buying a separate machine for each separate job.
Sweepers
Sweepers are mechanical items used for sweeping/removing litter and loose debris from large areas. They are available in a variety of shapes, sizes and styles.
Walk-behind (or ‘pedestrian’) machines may be electrically powered while ride-on and drive models may be battery, gas or petrol-driven.
Scrubbers
These are motorised ride-on or walk-behind pieces of equipment used to scrub hard surfaces to remove marks/dirt.
Some machines combine scrubbing and sweeping
Pressure washers
Pressure washers are used for high-pressure water cleaning of surfaces. They are commonly used: ● In kitchens to clean floors and help clean various items of equipment ● Outside to clean public areas such as driveways, car parks and building exteriors ● To clean exteriors of vehicles.
[photo: pressure washer cleaning a wet paved surface]
SMALL EQUIPMENT
Mops
Mops are generally made from cotton or cotton/polyester blends.
The three main types of mops are: ● Dusting mops – to clean skirting boards and polished surfaces ● Polishing mops – for buffing and polishing ● Washing mops – to wash floor surfaces or apply sealant to floors that have been stripped and need to be re-sealed.
Brooms and brushes
Brooms and brushes can be made from a variety of materials, ranging from straw to a synthetic coarse bristle-like material. Their purpose is to remove dust, dirt and grime from surfaces.
They can come in all sizes and shapes.
They should be sufficient in number and variety as required for the cleaning task or as dictated by the establishment: they must be clean, and sufficiently bristled.
The most common types of brooms and brushes are: ● Scrubbing brush ● Sink brush ● Wall brush ● Soft broom ● Speciality brushes ● Cobweb brush ● Vehicle wash brooms ● Gong brush ● Floor brooms ● Yard broom – stiff bristles for exterior use.
[photo: mop, dustpan, brush, bottles and sponges arranged on a table]
Not all businesses will require all types of brooms – it will depend on the facilities and areas to be cleaned.
A standard item is a dust pan and brush set for cleaning up small spills –some will use a small/portable, re-chargeable vacuum cleaner for this.
Cloths and sponges
[photo: gloves, cloths and sponges stacked together]
Cloths and sponges are used to clean a variety of surfaces.
Sponges are used for damp cleaning needs and cloths are used for cleaning, polishing and dusting.
They can be made from a variety of materials, but are generally lint-free.
They are used with a cleaning agent.
Some cloths are made from material and some are disposable/paper-based.
Buckets
Buckets are available in a variety of shapes, sizes and styles and are generally made from either galvanised steel or plastic.
Some buckets have wheels/castors for ease of mobility: others only have a handle. Buckets are used to hold water and cleaning agents.
Mop buckets feature rollers to remove excess water from the mop head prior to use.
[photo: grey mop bucket with wringer, labelled “CAUTION WET FLOOR”]
Garbage receptacles
Nearly all cleaning tasks will require gathering and disposing of debris, rubbish and waste so most cleaning tasks will necessitate the use of some form of waste receptacle.
A receptacle maybe: ● A solid item such as a bin ● A disposable plastic bag ● A bin liner placed inside a garbage receptacle that is built into a cleaning trolley/cart.
Warning signs
[photo: freestanding yellow wet floor warning sign with a triangle symbol]
These are safety signs used when a public area is being cleaned (to warn customers of the danger) or when nominated back-of-house areas are being cleaned (to warn staff, delivery drivers, repair people who are on the premises).
It may be standard procedures that they are displayed whenever cleaning duties are being undertaken, regardless of location and regardless of the type of cleaning.
Ancillary items
There may also be a need to use some or all of the following; ● Electrical extension cords ● Keys or cards – for accessing areas ● Communication devices – so others can advise of relevant information or new jobs ● Trolleys, caddies, carry-alls and baskets – for holding and transporting cleaning requisites to and from jobs ● Door stops – to keep doors open ● Scouring pads and scrapers ● Spray bottles – for dispensing cleaning chemicals and agents ● Step ladders – for high level cleaning ● Towels and rags.
[photo: woman in a dark blazer pointing upward]
What’s New
Before you attempt to provide housekeeping services to an area, there are several considerations that need to be made. You need to understand the scope of cleaning that is required, at what time you will be able to clean an area and the equipment and chemicals that you will need to complete the job. Cleaning equipment, tools and
materials covers a wide range of products and items. The following information is to help you decide which equipment, tools and machine you may need to use.
When selecting cleaning chemicals, ALWAYS try to restrict the number to a minimum. Cleaning chemicals, if used properly, make your job easier but, if not, can be both hazardous to your health and damage surfaces that you clean. It is important that you understand all aspects of each one including what they should be used for, and the safety precautions to take.
Firstly, determine: ● The cleaning tasks to be done ● The types of surfaces to be cleaned ● Consider the safety of using every chemical ● The ability of the chemicals to do the job required ● The smell of the chemical should be pleasant and fresh ● Labelling of containers. The quality of the label is important so that the instructions do not wash off and are clearly visible at all times ● Consider how the chemicals are dispensed and stored. If large drums have to be decanted, this may be dangerous. Most chemicals now can be purchased in concentrated form and used in conjunction with an automatic dispenser attached to a cold water supply. This is calibrated to the correct dilution rates.
Cleaning is a science and knowledge and understanding of cleaning chemicals is vital. You should have a basic understanding of the ph scale. The ph scale measures the intensity of acidity or alkalinity of a product.
pH Scale
[chart: pH scale diagram; pH Scale]
| Scale | More Acidic / Hazardous | Neutral | More Alkaline / Hazardous |
|---|---|---|---|
| Direction | More Acidic (arrow pointing left) | Neutral | More Alkaline (arrow pointing right) |
| 1 | Toilet Cleaner; Hydrochloric acid – concentrate; Oxalic acid | ||
| 2 | |||
| 3 | Acetic Acid Vinegar; Citric Acid Lemon Juice | ||
| 4 | Acetic Acid Vinegar; Citric Acid Lemon Juice | ||
| 5 | Metal Cleaners | ||
| 6 | |||
| 7 | Carpet Shampoos; Germicidal; Dishwashing Liquid; Window Cleaners; Aerosol Sprays; 80% | ||
| 8 | |||
| 9 | Bleaches | ||
| 10 | Soap; Ammonia; Toilet Soap; Soap Flakes | ||
| 11 | Soap; Ammonia; Toilet Soap; Soap Flakes | ||
| 12 | Alkalis; Grease Removal Agent; Caustic sodas | ||
| 13 | |||
| 14 | Heavy Duty Cleaners |
transcriber’s note: the chart places labels between the printed numbers, so the row assignment above is approximate; the labels are transcribed exactly as printed.
[chart: pH scale diagram; The Chemistry of Cleaning pH Scale (electrodry.com.au)]
| pH | Items shown above the scale | Items shown below the scale |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Battery acid | |
| 1 | Stomach acid | |
| 2 | Vinegar | |
| 3 | Orange Juice | |
| 4 | Urine | |
| 5 | Black coffee | |
| 6 | Milk | |
| 7 | Water | |
| 8 | Blood | |
| 9 | Baking Soda | |
| 10 | Stomach Tablets | |
| 11 | Ammonia Solution | |
| 12 | Soapy water | |
| 13 | Bleach | |
| 14 | Drain cleaner |
Scale labels: acidic (left), neutral (centre), alkaline (right).
Select the cleaning agents to be used
As well as selecting the correct cleaning items/equipment for the job there is also a need to select the appropriate cleaning agents.
This section identifies the range of cleaning agents available and gives an overview of their use.
General information
Chemicals may be provided in: ● Liquid form – used for most detergents, cleaners, sanitisers, and disinfectants ● Powder form – some detergents come in this dry form ● Aerosol form – many pesticides and deodorisers are supplied in this way ● Paste form – commonly used for polishes.
Liquid chemicals may be: ● Provided in small plastic bottles/containers (say, 500mls) ● Supplied in bulk (say, 20 – 25 litres) and hooked up to a sealed system where product is de-canted into smaller containers (such as spray bottles).
Business may elect to use: ● Products bought commonly at the supermarket and intended for domestic use ● ‘Commercial’ or ‘industrial’ chemicals – which are usually stronger (they have more and/or different ‘active ingredients’) and are far cheaper.
Where a ‘full clean’ of an area (carpet, fabric, wall, upholstery) is not required, ‘spot cleaning’ may be applied using a ‘spotter’ (spot cleaning agent) or simply wiping the affected area.
Cleaning chemicals
Cleaning agents may include:
Detergents
[photo: several plastic detergent bottles and gloves]
Detergents are chemical-based and can vary in strength so it is important to follow the correct dilution instructions when using this type of cleaning agent.
Detergents have different pH scales and it is the pH level of the detergent that informs the user of the type of surface it is best used on.
General purpose detergents
General purpose detergents are used in every business and as their name indicates can be used on a wide variety of surfaces and for a range of cleaning tasks.
A pH of 7 is a neutral pH level and these types of detergents are useful for general cleaning.
Acidic detergents
Acidic detergents (graded as having a pH of 1 to 6) should be used for cleaning ceramic surfaces.
Alkaline detergents
Alkaline detergents (graded as having a pH of 8 to 14) should be used only for specialist tasks, as they can be corrosive and have the ability to damage a surface. High alkaline detergents should be used only as directed and only on surfaces they were designed to clean. The surface they are used to clean should also be rinsed thoroughly to remove any harmful residue.
Remember high alkaline detergents can be harmful to the skin: they should be treated with care. Spillage should be avoided at all times – protective clothing should be worn when using high alkaline detergents.
Specialist detergents
Cleaning chemicals have been developed to address specific cleaning tasks – check what is available in the workplace/cleaning store and use them where appropriate.
These ‘specialty’ products have been developed for: ● A range of floor and carpet cleaning needs – specific for different surface types (tile, linoleum, vinyl, carpet, wood) and specific stains, dirt of types of damage. ● These include stripping and re-sealing products for hard floor surfaces ▪ Windows and glass ▪ Stainless steel ▪ Leather ▪ Aluminium ▪ Toilets ▪ Various laundry uses – for washing clothes and linen ● Cleaning specific equipment and areas – such as rubbish bins, smokehouses, vehicles, furniture polishes.
[photo: woman in an apron cleaning a window with a cloth]
Solvents
Solvent-based detergents will dissolve heavy grease and oil.
It is most important to realise not all surfaces can be cleaned with solvent detergents. For example, it would not be appropriate to remove oil spilt onto a lounge suite with a solvent detergent, however a metal surface could remain unharmed if cleaned with a solvent detergent.
Again, refer to the manufacturer’s instructions when using such a cleaning product. Remember solvent-based detergents may be harmful to the skin. They should be treated with care and spillage should be avoided at all times.
Surfaces cleaned with solvents must be rinsed thoroughly to remove any harmful residue.
Polishes
Polish protects surfaces and forms a barrier against liquids which may harm the surface.
Spirit-based polishes are generally used for metal surfaces as well as windows and mirrors.
Oil-based polishes are generally used for leather, wood, synthetic flooring, linoleum and tiles.
Surfaces can be slippery after they have been polished, so polish should be used with this in mind.
[photo: mop, broom, bucket and cleaning bottles]
Abrasives
Abrasive cleaning agents are available in powder, cream or paste forms. They are used for scouring and cleaning ceramic or enamel surfaces.
An example of such a surface is the toilet bowl or the shower basin: abrasive cleaners must not be used on surfaces that scratch easily.
Abrasives can be hard to rinse away, so it is important to wipe and rinse as soon as possible after application: if they are left to dry, abrasives can be much harder to rinse and clean away, and may leave behind a harmful residue.
Other chemicals
Depending on the job to be done, the following may be required:
Disinfectants
These: ● Are cleaning agents which destroy disease-carrying micro-organisms ● Should be diluted according to manufacturer’s instructions: if it is diluted too much the disinfectant will become ineffective ● Have a strong scent and so are not suitable for use in a kitchen or any food area ● Should be used only in the toilet, bathroom and change areas.
[photo: waste bin with cleaning items and a cloud of spray]
Deodorisers
Deodorisers are used to mask or eliminate unpleasant smells: ● They are commonly in aerosol form and should sprayed sparingly to achieve their aim but not dominate or over-power ● Urinal blocks are also used to mask smells in gents’ toilets: when using them follow the recommended dosage rate – do not simply throw handfuls of them into the trough/urinal! They are expensive and on their own they do not provide any cleaning function. ● There is still a need to clean the urinal even where these blocks are used.
Pesticides
These are used to: ● Kill flies and insects ● Deter flies and insects.
[photo: hand spraying an aerosol can toward an insect]
Sanitisers
Sanitisers are used to kill bacteria/micro-organisms and/or reduce their numbers to a safe level.
Surfaces should be cleaned with a detergent before a sanitiser is applied.
There may be a need for the sanitiser to remain in contact with the surface for a nominated period (X seconds) before it is removed/rinsed off.
Personal Protective Equipment
PPE may include: ● Overalls and jackets – which may be the standard ‘cleaning uniform’ or provided specially for use at designated times/for nominated cleaning tasks ● Aprons – which may include material aprons, leather aprons and PVC aprons ● Gloves – either thick rubber gloves, PVC gloves or longer and stronger gauntlets ● Cotton glove inserts ● Breathing apparatus ● Waterproof clothing and footwear/rubber boots ● Eye protection, goggles, safety glasses and face masks ● Ear/hearing protection ● Enclosed shoes and steel-capped boots ● Safety hats/hard hats, headwear and helmets – food handlers also use hairnets and beard nets ● High-visibility vests ● Uniform to be worn – which can include long trousers and long-sleeved shirts.
[photo: pair of clear safety goggles and rubber gloves]
Where staff are required to work outside in the elements, PPE can include sun hats/broad brimmed hats, sun glasses and sun protection as well as rain coats, warm clothing.
General rules for dealing with chemicals
It is important to adhere to the following when handling/using chemicals: ● Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions – this the Golden Rule when handling, using or otherwise dealing with chemicals or cleaning agents ● Never mix chemicals together – doing this can cause them to be ineffective, can cause them to give off toxic fumes, and can cause them to explode! ● Read the labels for all products ● Never apply chemicals directly to the surface unless the directions specifically recommend/advise this ● Dilute chemicals according to manufacturer’s instructions – most chemicals will require some degree of dilution ● Contact the supplier or supervisor if unsure about any aspect of using or dealing with any chemical ● Never store chemicals with food – it is illegal to do so
[photo: woman in an apron holding a clipboard]
- Avoid contact between bare skin, eyes, mouth and any chemical – this applies to direct contact, as well as indirect contact
- Follow the specific advice on the relevant MSDS if chemical is swallowed, or makes contact with eyes or skin
- Work in ventilated conditions when using chemicals
- Avoid contact between food items and chemicals
- Always wear/use the personal protective clothing or equipment provided by the employer when dealing with chemicals
- Do not handle chemicals until appropriate training has been provided either from a supervisor, an experienced staff member or a representative from the company that supplies the chemicals
- Only use the designated items to measure/weigh chemicals to be used – never use jugs or containers that could then be inadvertently used elsewhere in the property for food preparation/service purposes
- Treat the handling of chemicals with the seriousness it deserves – focus on the chemical handling task at hand; do not become distracted; no skylarking
- Some chemicals are flammable – so keep all chemicals away from heat or a naked flame
- Wash hands after using chemicals and after all cleaning duties – to remove chemicals, residue: this applies even when wearing protective gloves.
Provision and use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
The following requirements apply to personal protective equipment and clothing:
- Employers are required to provide necessary items and maintain them in safe, working condition
- Items must fit the person using/wearing them properly
- Items must be ‘fit for purpose’
- Employers must provide training in how to use the items
- Must wear/use items exactly the way shown/trained
- Must always wear/use items when directed to do – without exception: the use of PPE is not optional, it is mandatory.
Steps in Checking Defective Cleaning Tools
Equipment does not have any jagged parts or sharp edges – which can cause injury
Damage/normal ‘wear and tear’ to equipment has not affected its operational safety
Check and clean the exterior of cleaning equipment – to enhance presentation and project a positive image for the company when seen by patrons: cleaning equipment must be clean
Ensure mop head looks presentable – customers will be able to see these when working in public areas and may infer a lack of cleanliness in other parts of the establishment
Buckets should be free of leaks, not smelly and have secure handles
Check and clear around the rollers on mop buckets to avoid the build up of debris and fibres from the mop
Items to be used need to sufficient in number – there needs to be enough cleaning cloths, disposable gloves or other resources to get the job done
Items must be appropriate for task – many instances of damage or injury have resulted from trying to complete a cleaning job without the right tools
Make sure all necessary attachments (for vacuum cleaners, polishers, washers) are taken before leaving the cleaning store to enable all planned task to be completed – this saves time and effort
All electrically-powered and battery-powered items must be used strictly in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions – if this is unknown read the instructions or ask an experienced staff member to explain/demonstrate what to do
A standard check with any piece of electrical equipment is to ensure the electrical cord is safe to use – not frayed or broken and with no wires exposed
Make sure battery-operated equipment is adequately charged before using it – low battery power can adversely affect cleaning performance and causes time loss when the job has to be interrupted to remedy the situation.
What is It
When preparing to clean:
- Select the required small and large equipment
- Use industrial/commercial items where possible
- Attach the right pad to a polisher for the work to be done
- Consider loading a cleaning cart/trolley to carry the equipment/items
- Make sure there are rubbish containers for disposal of collected dirt/garbage
- Obtain necessary warning signs, ancillary equipment and PPE
- Select the required chemicals and cleaning agents
- Refer to Product Usage Charts, SOPs or WIs to identify chemicals required
- Know where the MSDS are located and what they contain
- Handle chemicals safely and with care
- Check all equipment is safe to use/operate
- Never use unsafe equipment/items.
What’s More
It is a requirement of this module that you complete a portfolio of Written Works as advised by your Teacher. You must submit documentation, suitable evidence or other relevant proof of completion of the tasks to your Teacher by the agreed date.
1.1 Prepare a comprehensive list of small and large cleaning equipment which may be found in an industry business related to housekeeping and identify what each item may be used for.
1.2. Identify the chemicals you would use to: Clean service counters, Polish wooden furniture, Deodorise the air in a room, clean windows, Kill flies and insects, Kill bacteria.
1.3. List the personal protective equipment (PPE) and clothing which may be needed by undertaking a wide range of ‘wet’, ‘dry’ and ‘pressure washing’ cleaning duties.
1.4. Identify one item of electrically-powered cleaning equipment and prepare a set of sample directions, instructions or guidelines which could be used by staff to check its operation and safety.
What I Have Learned
Answer the following questions. Write your responses on a separate sheet of paper.
- List three large items of cleaning equipment.
- List three small items of cleaning equipment.
- List four ‘ancillary items’ which may be needed to assist with cleaning activities.
- Give four examples of specialist/speciality detergents.
- What do solvent-based detergents do?
What I Can Do
Oral Questioning/ Performance Task No. 1
[transcriber’s note: the printed table has no header row; the column headings below are supplied for the table]
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| Student name | |
| Teacher | |
| Location/venue | |
| Unit of competency | Select and setup equipment and materials |
| Instructions | 1. Ask student questions from the attached list to confirm knowledge, as necessary 2. Place tick in boxes to reflect student achievement (Pass Competent ‘PC’ or Not Yet Competent ‘NYC’) 3. Write short-form student answer in the space provided for each question. |
| Questions | Response: PC | Response: NYC |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Identify five items of cleaning equipment you have used and explain what each item may be used for. 2. Name five cleaning agents identify what they may be used for and describe how each is/may be used. 3. Name three different cleaning tasks and identify the protective clothing and equipment needed to safely complete each. 4. For the five items of cleaning equipment, you identified in your answer to Question 1 describe how you would check them to ensure they are operating correctly and are safe to use. |
Assessment
Answer all the following questions. Compile your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
- What type of chemical has a strong scent and is used to destroy disease-carrying micro-organisms?
- What is the role of a sanitiser?
- Give five examples of PPE and clothing.
- Describe four examples of basic checks which should be made to ensure the safety and correct operation of cleaning equipment to be used.
- What three activities should be combined when assessing areas to be cleaned?
Additional Activities
Performance Task No. 2 – Dust Mopping
Prior toWork
- Remove loose rubbish and debris
- dust pan and brush
- protected hand (gauntlets)
- Take correct size, clean dust mop to area to be mopped
- Wear dust mask and protective gauntlets
Activity – Dust mopping
- Ensure mop is appropriate size for area to be mopped
- Start at one end (far end) of area to be mopped and work towards door/exit
- Hold mop at angle of approx 45” while mopping for ergonomics and efficiency
- Mop the hard surface
- Frequently shake the mop to remove/unload dust – over un-mopped are or outside
- Walk with mop in front for one complete ‘pass’/section of floor
- Turn at the end of a pass and mop in the opposite direction for another ‘pass’/section of the floor ensuring each pass overlaps approx 4 – 5 cms.
After activity (During shift)
- Return dust mop to trolley.
After activity – End-of-shift
- Clean dust mop in store room – dust mask must be worn
- Brush out and shake mop head – use bristle brush
- Inspect and replace head where necessary
- Return dust mop to cleaning store – hang on hook with head away from wall
- Wash hands when finished.
[transcriber’s note: this page is printed upside down; its boxes are transcribed in logical order]
Answer Key
What I Know
- h
- l
- b
- m
- j
- f
- d
- n
- a
- e
- c
- k
- g
- i
What I Have Learned
- List three large items of cleaning equipment.
- Vacuum cleaner
- Carpet shampooer
- Polisher
- Floor machine
- Sweeper
- Scrubber
- Pressure washer
- List three small items of cleaning equipment.
- Mops
- Brooms
- Brushes
- Dustpan
- Clothes
- Sponges
- Buckets
- List four ‘ancillary items’ which may be needed to assist with cleaning activities.
- Electrical extension cords
- Keys or cards
- Communication devices
- Trolleys, caddies, carry-alls and baskets
- Door stops
- Scouring pads and scrapers
- Spray bottles
- Step ladders
- Towels and rags
- Give four examples of specialist/speciality detergents.
- A range of floor and carpet cleaning needs detergents
- Stripping and re-sealing products for hard floor surfaces
- Windows and glass
- Stainless steel
- Leather
- Aluminium
- Toilets
- Various laundry uses
- Cleaning specific equipment and areas – such as rubbish bins, smokehouses, vehicles, furniture polishes
- What do solvent-based detergents do?
- Dissolve heavy grease and oil.
[transcriber’s note: this page is printed upside down; its content is transcribed in logical order]
Assessment
- Disinfectant
- Sanitisers are used to kill bacteria/micro-organisms and/or reduce their numbers to a safe level.
- Overall and jackets
- Aprons
- Gloves and gauntlets
- Cotton glove inserts
- Breathing apparatus
- Waterproof clothing and footwear/rubber boots
- Eye protection, goggles, safety glasses and face masks
- Ear/hearing protection
- Enclosed shoes and steel-capped boots
- Safety hats/hard hats, headwear and helmets – food handlers also use hairnets and beard nets
- High-visibility vests
- Uniform
- Equipment does not have any jagged parts or sharp edges – which can cause injury
- Damage/normal ‘wear and tear’ to equipment has not affected its operational safety
- Check and clean the exterior of cleaning equipment – to enhance presentation and project a positive image for the company when seen by patrons: cleaning equipment must be clean
- Ensure mop head looks presentable – customers will be able to see these when working in public areas and may infer a lack of cleanliness in other parts of the establishment
- Buckets should be free of leaks, not smelly and have secure handles
- Check and clear around the rollers on mop buckets to avoid the build-up of debris and fibres from the mop
- Items to be used need to sufficient in number – there needs to be enough cleaning cloths, disposable gloves or other resources to get the job done
- Items must be appropriate for task – many instances of damage or injury have resulted from trying to complete a cleaning job without the right tools
- Make sure all necessary attachments (for vacuum cleaners, polishers, washers) are taken before leaving the cleaning store to enable all planned task to be completed – this saves time and effort
- All electrically-powered and battery-powered items must be used strictly in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions – if this is unknown read the instructions or ask an experienced staff member to explain/demonstrate what to do
- A standard check with any piece of electrical equipment is to ensure the electrical cord is safe to use – not frayed or broken and with no wires exposed
- Make sure battery-operated equipment is adequately charged before using it
- What three activities should be combined when assessing areas to be cleaned?
- Looking at the area/job – visually inspecting the area
- Talking to people who have input to make about the area/items to be cleaned – or who have responsibility for the area
- Using personal knowledge and experience as key reference points for determining and evaluating what needs to be done
References
Online videos
The following provide demonstrations on wet cleaning techniques:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MgN_rsWOtCI – Floor Tech Wet Mopping: 4 mins 34 secs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3eF0whKP6EY – How to damp mop floors: 3 mins 54 secs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kl9X07UGyu0 – How to mop: 3 mins 9 secs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJo8HzhHNCY – How to clean a commercial restroom: 21 mins 4 secs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3vGCUaimsw – Restroom cleaning simple techniques: 10 mins 50 secs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fjCWhrgGis8 – Washroom cleaning training video: 8 mins 3 secs
Step by step guide for managing chemicals in the workplace https://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/60075/Managing_chemicals_in_Workplace.pdf.
ASEAN (2012) Project on “Toolbox Development for Priority Tourism Labour Division”
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