Personal Development Quarter 1 Module 5: Developmental Tasks and Challenges of Adolescence
SHS Personal Development Q1 Module 5 on the biological, psychological, social, and behavioral challenges of adolescence and Havighurst and Erikson tasks.
This is the Personal Development Quarter 1 Module 5 self-learning module, “Developmental Tasks and Challenges of Adolescence,” for Senior High School. It was prepared by DepEd Region IV-A (CALABARZON) as an Alternative Delivery Mode module (First Edition, 2021). It helps learners name the changes and challenges of the teenage years and understand the developmental tasks they need to accomplish on the way to adulthood.
The module defines adolescence as the period of development that begins at puberty and ends at emerging adulthood. It is the time when a child changes in body and thinking to take on a new role as an emerging adult. The word comes from the Latin adolescere, meaning “to grow up” or “coming to maturity.”
The module also cites the World Health Organization (WHO), which describes adolescence as a period of life with specific health and development needs and rights. It is a time to build knowledge and skills, learn to manage emotions and relationships, and gain abilities needed for adult roles.
To introduce the lesson, the module uses a scene from Alice in Wonderland, where Alice cannot tell the Caterpillar who she is because she has “changed several times” in one day. This mirrors how confusing rapid change can feel for teenagers.
Developmental challenges of adolescence
The module explains that a challenge is something that needs great mental or physical effort and tests a person’s ability. It groups the challenges of adolescence into four kinds across three stages:
Challenge
Early adolescence
Middle adolescence
Late adolescence
Biological
Onset of puberty and growth spurt
Body shape develops; puberty changes continue
Consolidating identity and facing the future
Psychological
Concrete thinking, early moral concepts, beginning of sexual identity
Sexual identity continues to develop
Complex abstract thinking; telling law from morality; personal identity forms
Social
Strong peer identification, mostly with same-sex groups
First interest in the opposite sex, which can change peer groups
Forming truly intimate relationships; building vocational ability and financial independence
Behavioral
Erratic behavior, less willingness to meet parents’ expectations, wide mood swings
Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory. The stage Identity vs. Role Confusion covers ages 12 to 18. The adolescent’s main task is developing a sense of self, struggling with questions like “Who am I?” and “What do I want to do with my life?”
Robert J. Havighurst’s Developmental Task Theory. Havighurst, of the University of Chicago, defined a developmental task as a task that arises at or about a certain period in life; failing to achieve it makes it hard to perform the tasks of the next stage. Succeeding brings pride and satisfaction. He identified eleven developmental tasks of normal adolescence.
Examples of tasks by stage, as listed in the module:
Early adolescence: developing self-concept, judging one’s own physical acceptability, achieving personal independence, developing acceptable attitudes toward society, learning to get along with peers.
Middle adolescence: new thinking skills, accepting one’s physique, more self-direction, mature relations with both sexes, emotional independence from adults, acquiring values and an ethical system, socially responsible behavior, and early decisions about vocational goals.
Late adolescence to early adult life: preparing for adult life, firming up vocational goals, establishing personal identity, becoming psychologically independent from parents, and preparing for marriage, family life, and an economic career.
The module adds that accepting yourself, caring for your health, building strong family relationships, and practicing social responsibility all help adolescents form a stronger identity.
Activities in the module
What I Know: a 15-item multiple-choice pretest.
What’s In: two situations (John, who faces envy and rumors, and Erica, who develops an eating disorder) to react to, linking back to Module 4.
What’s New, Activity 1: recalling the challenges you have personally experienced.
What’s More: problem-solving situations about peer pressure to smoke, a crush watching badminton practice, and a sleepover for a research paper; Assessment 1 on identifying the type of challenge; Activity 2 on roles and skills; Assessment 2, a 10-item self-rating scale with a scoring guide; and Activity 3, an essay “What Kind of Adolescent I Am?”, a thank-you letter, and a weekly plan.
What I Have Learned: a Recall, Summarize, Question, Connect chart.
What I Can Do: a “Promise to Myself” on becoming more responsible.
Assessment: a 15-item multiple-choice post-test.
Additional Activities: a chain of events from ages 13 to 21 leading to your adult goals.
How to use this module
Learners: Start with the pretest, then work through the parts in order. Write your answers in your notebook or on a separate sheet, not on the module. Answer keys are provided; use them honestly after you finish each part.
Parents: Talk with your child about the situations in the module. The module names family as an important guide for teenagers.
Teachers: The Notes to the Teacher suggest processing every activity through questions and answers, adding information during discussion, using the Alice in Wonderland story as a springboard, and having Activity 3 written on a separate sheet. The essay may be written in English or Filipino.
Frequently asked questions
What grade and quarter is this Personal Development module for?
It is Quarter 1, Module 5 of Personal Development for Senior High School. The module addresses the learner as a Grade 11 student, and its competency code is EsP-PD11/12DS-Ic-3.1.
What are the four kinds of adolescent challenges in the module?
The module groups them as biological, psychological, social, and behavioral challenges, and shows how each appears in early, middle, and late adolescence.
What is a developmental task?
According to Robert J. Havighurst, it is a task that arises at or about a certain period in life; failing to achieve it leads to difficulty with the tasks of the next stage.
What is Erikson’s stage for adolescents?
Identity vs. Role Confusion, covering ages 12 to 18, where adolescents explore their own identity while trying to fit in socially. The main task is developing a sense of self.
Does the module have an answer key?
Yes. It includes answers for the pretest, post-test, the What’s More situations, Assessment 1, and Activity 2; the self-rating and essay activities have answers that may vary.
Full text of the module
The text below is a transcription of the PDF above, as printed.
Personal Development Quarter 1 – Module 5: Developmental Tasks and Challenges of Adolescence
Senior High School
[illustration: students reading, studying, and talking outdoors and at a desk, with a teacher, a globe, and a child with a lantern]
GOVERNMENT PROPERTY NOT FOR SALE
CO_Q1_Personal Development SHS
Module 5
Personal Development
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 5: Developmental Tasks and Challenges of Adolescence
First Edition, 2021
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Reviewers: Melanie Mae N. Moreno, Joseph Jay Aureada, Darwin D. Bargo, Alona A. Encinares, Philip Punzalan, Maria Theresa Tapales, Carlos Rafael Arce, Rita A. Edillo
Illustrator: Salvacion C. Montenegro
Layout Artist: Mark Laurence T. Tapas, Maria Clariss Z. Maravilla
Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas, Job S. Zape Jr., Ramonito Elumbaring, Reicon C. Condes, Elaine T. Balaogan, Fe M. Ong-ongowan, Christopher R. Diaz, Juan R. Araojo Jr., Cristina C. Salazar, Priscilla V. Salo, Bernadette B. Patag, Rosanito S. Paras, Rochene I. Garcia
transcriber’s note: this page repeats the cover title “Personal Development Quarter 1 – Module 5: Developmental Tasks and Challenges of Adolescence”, the Senior High School label, and the DepEd logo, so it is not transcribed again.
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
This material was crafted and written to help and guide the learners the necessary concepts about the developmental tasks and challenges of adolescence. This module was anchored from the learning competencies, performance and content standard of the curriculum guide. The content, activities, and assessments were designed according to learner’s context.
The module is entitled Developmental Tasks and Challenges of Adolescence.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
discuss developmental tasks and challenges being experienced during adolescence EsP-PD11/12DS-Ic-3.1
What I Know
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer.
It is the stage of Psychosocial Developmental Theory where the adolescents try to explore and figure out their own identity and try to fit in with social interactions at the same time. a. Trust vs. Mistrust b. Initiative vs. Guilt c. Industry vs. Inferiority d. Identity vs. Role Confusion
It is the specialized agency of United Nations who is responsible for international public health. a. World Health Organization b. United Nations Children’s Fund c. International Labour Organization d. Food and Agriculture Organization
A task that arises at or about a certain period in life, unsuccessful achievement of which leads to inability to perform tasks associated with the next period or stage in life. a. Psychodynamic b. Developmental Task c. Psychosocial Theory d. Human Development
The following statements are true about adolescence EXCEPT for one. a. development of sexual characteristics b. thought is more logical, abstract and idealistic c. pursuits of independence identity are prominent d. strong dependency to parents and seeks love and attention
The group of people that affect the cognitive development of an individual. a. peers b. teachers c. parents d. psychologists
The following are biological challenges happen to a middle adolescent EXCEPT one. a. hair loss b. sexual attraction c. gain of weight and d. breast enlargement for girls
It is the event where a late adolescent decides or plans for his/her future. a. career choice b. educational choice c. entering to a marriage life d. entering into a relationship
Mia just turned 18. In the Philippines, it is a mark of young lady’s maturity. The following are some characteristics that a mature lady should possess EXCEPT for one. a. Make wise decision b. Choose a best career c. Ask for independence d. Settle down for marriage life
Teens should be engaging in worthwhile activities EXCEPT for one. a. joining fraternities/sororities b. enrolling in a free online course c. making new friends and joining school organization d. engaging in productive activities in the community
Mark became conscious of his appearance when he hit the puberty stage. Because of this, he makes sure that he always looks good for others. Mark showed a characteristic that teens in the puberty stage exhibit. What is it? a. self-image b. sexual maturity c. personal development d. moral development
The following are tasks of a teen EXCEPT for one. a. accepting one’s physique b. perfect behavior expected by parents c. making responsibility for one’s actions d. achieving emotional independence like adult
They are the most relevant persons who can understand the situation of the adolescent. a. Friends b. Parents c. siblings d. teachers
It is an example of biological challenges. a. self-identity crisis b. changes in eating habits c. compulsive or excessive exercise d. feeling of misunderstood
Jan noticed that her armpit perspires excessively. Because of this, she became conscious and kept herself away from others. What challenge/s she encounter? a. Biological Challenges b. Cognitive Challenges c. Mental Health Issues d. Psychosocial Challenges
It is the cause of emotional imbalance fluctuations of adolescents. a. genetically related b. hormonal imbalance c. environmental factors d. hormonal changes and brain and development
Lesson 5: Developmental Tasks and Challenges of Adolescence
In this lesson, we will be focusing on the tasks and challenges that you experienced during your adolescence stage. Adolescence is the period of development that begins at puberty and ends at emerging adulthood. During puberty stage, there are changes that occur in the body of a child. It is a natural process that everyone goes through. Remember when you started to notice the rapid changes in your body? Mostly resulted to your being self-conscious and being overly emotional. Sometimes, you would want to be accepted and be “in”, but at times, you would want to be just left alone. These adjustments are part of developmental changes during adolescence stage — the time when a child transitions in terms of physiology and cognition to fulfil a new role as an emerging adult.
We will walk along with you to discover yourself as you take the journey to the stage of becoming a responsible individual. Knowledge and understanding to oneself is the key to overcome the challenges in this period of your life. With guidance, assurance, and a better understanding of the process, you will have an easier time transitioning yourself in this extraordinary developmental stage.
What’s In
In Module 4, you learned that life is full of challenges. Nonetheless, what matters is how you manage and overcome the challenges that you encounter in your life. This may be difficult, but learning to accept these difficulties may lead you in the right directions. Your thoughts, feelings, and behavior toward a situation are reflection of yourself as a person. Moreover, dealing with circumstances makes you become a better individual.
Read and express your thoughts, feelings, and ideas on the following situations. Write your answers in your notebook.
Situation No. 1
John is an active member of school organizations. He has a lot of talents to share and ideas to contribute to their club. Aside from that, he is known for his looks, neatness, and tidiness. However, these seemingly likeable characteristics became the reasons that many get envious and try to create rumors and gossips about him. This hurt him so much that he almost wanted to drop from schooling
Give your reaction:
CO_Q1_Personal Development SHS
Module 5
Situation No. 2
Erica is a Grade 11 student. Like any other girls she is sociable and have a lot of friends in school. She is just an average student, but having a crush on her top one classmate urged her to spend late nights studying to keep up with him. However, all her efforts still fell short and she did not make it to the cut of students with honors. Because of this, she developed an eating disorder that caused her to lose huge weight. She also started to have breakouts. With these, the then friendly Erica became aloof and self-conscious.
Give your reaction:
Processing Questions:
What kind of adolescent did the two students portray in the two situations?
What challenges did John and Erica experience?
What challenges do Filipino adolescents face most?
Notes to the Teacher
Process every activity. You can use question and answer method just to ensure that the learners understand it.
In the discussion, give additional information about the topic.
Multidisciplinary approach is encouraged. Search for additional resources for the topic.
Use the story of Alice in Wonderland as springboard to discuss the new lesson.
What’s New
“Who are you?’ said the Caterpillar. This was not an encouraging opening for a conversation. Alice replied, rather shyly, I--I hardly know, sir, just at present-- at least I know who I was when I got up this morning, but I think I must have been changed several times since then.' What do you mean by that?' said the Caterpillar sternly. Explain yourself!’
I can't explain myself, I'm afraid, sir' said Alice, because I’m not myself, you see.’
`I don’t see,’ said the Caterpillar.
I'm afraid I can't put it more clearly,' Alice replied very politely, for I can’t understand it myself to begin with; and being so many different sizes in a day is very confusing.’
https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~rgs/alice-V.html
Alice in Wonderland-Lewis Carroll
Adolescence is defined as the period between the normal onset of puberty and the beginning of adulthood. In the Oxford English Dictionary, the origin of the word adolescence was from late Middle English (as a noun) and was derived via French from Latin adolescent, which means ‘coming to maturity’. Other derivation of the word the same origin is adolescere, from ad- ‘to’ + alescere ‘grow, grow up’, from alere ‘nourish’.
The transition period between childhood and early adulthood is quite difficult. This is the most crucial stage because this is the time when teens start defining themselves. Remember, however, that each adolescent’s experiences, individual changes, and growth vary.
Activity 1:
The following illustrations show a boy and a girl adolescent. Let one represent you and recall the challenges you have experienced during your adolescence stage. Write your answers inside the box below.
[illustration: a boy and a girl adolescent standing, drawn in black and white]
Example: rapid changes of physical appearance
Processing Questions:
What were the most difficult challenges you have encountered?
How were you able to overcome these challenges?
How did these challenges help you to be a better person? How do you think this would prepare you to your adulthood?
What is It
Developmental Challenges of Adolescence
Adolescence is the transition period between childhood and early adulthood– the most rapid stage of human development. According to World Health Organization (WHO), it is a period of life with specific health and development needs and rights. It is also a time to develop knowledge and skills, learn to manage emotions and relationship, and acquire attributes and abilities that will be important for enjoying the adolescent years and assuming adult roles.
Cambridge Dictionary defines developmental as relating to the process of growing or changing into a more advance, larger and stronger form, while challenges is defined as something that needs great mental or physical effort in order to be done successfully and therefore tests a person’s ability. The challenges the adolescents are facing occur during the development of his/her biological, cognitive, and physiological, spiritual and moral aspects.
Early Adolescence
Middle Adolescence
Late Adolescence
Biological Challenges
Developmental changes and the onset of puberty as indicated by growth spurt
Development of body shape Physical changes from puberty continue
Transition as the young person consolidates his identity and comes to grips with his future.
Psychological Challenges
Concrete thinking, but early moral concepts Development of sexual identity Possible of sexual preferences; peer interest
The concrete thinking, but early moral concepts; progression of sexual identity development The awakening of heterosexuality
Complex abstract thinking; identification of difference between law and morality Feeling himself/herself a completer and more separate person Development of personal identity
Social Challenges
Start of strong peer identification His group activities are primarily with members of his own sex.
The first tentative interest and approach towards the opposite sex usually takes place. The awakening of heterosexuality that often disrupts previous peer groupings and intimate friendships
Form and maintain truly intimate relationships with others whose beliefs, ideals, and motives he can see and respect as clearly as he does his own. Development of vocational capability and financial independence’
Behavioral Challenges
His behavior may temporarily show a disorganized, erratic quality along with a decreased willingness to accommodate the expectations of his parents and others Wide mood swings and periodic bouts of feeling ill-treated and unloved may dominate his emotional life.
This is the stage when adolescent rebellion starts Period of irritability, wide mood swings, and rapidly changing feelings.
He is more able to be selective and discriminating in his relationships
In the eight stages of Psychosocial Developmental Theory of Erik Erikson, Identity vs. Role Confusion (this stage is the age between 12 to 18 years old) explains that adolescents would try to explore and figure out their own identity and try to fit in with social interactions at the same time. According to Erikson, an adolescent’s main task is developing a sense of self. Adolescents struggle with questions “Who am I?” and “What do I want to do with my life?” Most of the adolescents try to explore various roles and ideas and look for a place where they can fit, set goals, and attempt to discover themselves.
As an adolescent who is entering the stage of adulthood, you are responsible for your own being. Accepting yourself and ensuring your body’s physical health help you build stronger personality and sense of identity. Likewise, building a strong relationship with your family and showing affection and respect to others can improve interactions with them. Establishing social responsibility, moreover, develops personal and moral values to guide you on how to react to social issues.
Entering adulthood is undeniably a big challenge. At this stage of your life, your family, your school, and your community contribute to prepare you in this life-changing task. You should, in turn, need to be emotionally prepared since you would need to choose people whom you think would help you fulfill these tasks in order for you to reach you goals in life
Some years ago, Professor Robert J. Havighurst of the University of Chicago proposed that stages in human development can best be thought of in terms of the developmental tasks that are part of the normal transition. In his developmental tasks theory, he stressed out that when people successfully accomplish the developmental tasks at a stage, they feel pride and satisfaction. He defines developmental task as a task that arises at or about a certain period in life, unsuccessful achievement of which leads to inability to perform tasks associated with the next period or stage in life.
Havighurst identified eleven Developmental Tasks of Normal Adolescence associated with the adolescent transition. However, he believes that adolescence do not progress through these multiple developmental tasks separately because adolescence tasks may vary with early, middle, and late periods of the transition.
Developmental Tasks of Adolescence
Early Adolescence
Middle Adolescence
Late Adolescence to Early Adult Life
Developing self-concept Self-evaluation of their physical acceptability Achieving personal independence
Emergence of new thinking skills Accepting one’s physique Increase self-direction Achieving psychological independence
Preparing adult life Crystallize their vocational goals Establish sense of personal identity Psychologically independent from their parents
transcriber’s note: table continued from the previous page
Early Adolescence
Middle Adolescence
Late Adolescence to Early Adult Life
Developing acceptable attitudes toward society Learning to get along with peers
Achieving mature relations with both sexes Achieving a masculine or feminine social role Achieving emotional independence of adults Establish psychological independence from one’s parents Acquiring values and an ethical system to guide behavior Desiring and achieving socially responsible behavior Preparing for adult roles and making preliminary decisions and vocational goals
Shift to adulthood is nearly complete Preparing for marriage and family life Preparing for an economic career
Now that you already understood the challenges and tasks you face during your adolescence years, let us try to answer the following activities to test your learning.
Directions: Read and analyze the situations carefully then answer the questions that follow in your notebook.
Actvity1:
Your friends asked you to try to smoke cigarette. They said that if you don’t try it, you will be out to their group.
What is the problem?
What is your responsibility?
What would be the solution?
You have always enjoyed badminton until you found out that your crush liked it, too. One time during practice, though, your crush watched your training and that made you conscious. This eventually resulted to errors that your coach scolded you in front of the audience. You felt embarrassed especially to your crush who happened to be there in the venue.
What is the problem?
What is your responsibility?
What would be the solution?
Your friend invited you to sleep over in their house to finish the research paper that you need to submit the next day. However, you are anxious because your classmate’s house is far and your parents might not allow you to go.
What is the problem?
What is your responsibility?
What would be the solution?
Assessment 1: Identify the challenge that is illustrated in the following situations. Choose the letter best answer inside the box.
a. Social Challenges
b. Behavioral Challenges
c. Biological Challenges
d. Psychological Challenges
_____________1. When Rina’s mother died in a car accident, she started to clam up and stayed most of the time in her room. She lost her appetite and denied any interaction with anyone. She would spend entire nights crying and mourning for the loss.
_____2. Miss Ana noticed that Justin was always absent on her class. She asked Justin’s classmates if they knew what happened and she found out that Justin was a victim of bullying that’s why he rarely went to school.
_____3. Amy started limiting her food intake because she thought and felt fat whenever she looks in the mirror.
_____4. Ken enjoyed being with his friends, but there are times his friends engage in smoking and drinking liquor. Although he doesn’t want to join, he has no choice because they will kick him out from the group.
_____5. When Joey was still a child, he always went to bed early, but when he learned to play online games, he started to spend more time playing gadget at night.
Activity 2: Read and answer the following
What are the implications of the developmental tasks to you as a student? a. b. c.
Give at least three significant roles of adolescence in the society. a. b. c.
Make a list of your skills that would help you in dealing with things when you enter adult life. a. b. c.
Explain: “Challenges help us to face the reality”
Assessment 2: Reflect, assess and determine how often you practice what the statements say. Rate yourself according to the following scale. Check the appropriate columns that corresponds to your answer.
5 – always 4 – often 3 – sometimes 2 – seldom 1 – never
Self-evaluation
5
4
3
2
1
1. I think many times before I make decisions.
2. I do self-assessment when I’m not sure of my actions.
3. I am responsible of my actions.
4. I stand to my decisions and face its consequences
5. I take responsibilities seriously.
6. I accept challenges that come my way.
7. I think twice before I say something.
8. I prioritize my family rather than my friends.
9. I am shy to show my talent or skills with others.
10. I do my share in the household chores.
TOTAL
Scoring Guide
40-50 -Demonstrates competency accurately, dependably, and independently.
20-39- Demonstrates competency accurately and dependably in most situations with minimal guidance
10-19- Demonstrates competency accurately and dependably in most situation but needs supervision from adult
1-9- Demonstrates competency inconsistently. Needs guidance and supervision from adult.
Activity 3: Answer the following briefly.
Write an essay about the topic: “What Kind of Adolescent I am?”
Make a “thank you letter” to the most significant person in your life who has helped you to understand yourself better.
Make a weekly plan of your tasks to accomplish.
Notes to the Teacher
Activity 3 will be written in a separate sheet of paper.
The essay must be brief and concise. It can be written in English or Filipino.
What I Have Learned
Now that we are done with our topic, check your understanding about the lesson.
Directions: Fill out the box that corresponds to the given statement.
Recall
Recall the most important ideas from the lesson.
Summarize
Summarize the ideas in a single sentence.
Question
Ask 1 major question in mind.
Connect
Connect the lessons in your life.
[transcriber’s note: the table has no printed header row; the empty header row is added for Markdown structure only]
The World Health Organization, (WHO) defines adolescence as a period of life with specific health and development needs and rights.
The challenges the adolescents are facing occur during the development of their biological, cognitive, and physiological, spiritual and moral aspects.
Developmental task is a task that arises at or about a certain period in life, unsuccessful achievement of which leads to inability to perform tasks associated with the next period or stage in life.
Identity vs. Role Confusion is one of the Eight Stages of Psychosocial Developmental Theory of Erik Erikson, the age between1 2 to 18 years old. It is where adolescents would try to explore and figure out their own identity and try to fit in with social interactions at the same time.
Professor Robert Havighurst of the University of Chicago proposed that stages in human development can best be thought of in terms of the developmental tasks that are part of the normal transition.
Havighurst stressed out that when people successfully accomplish the developmental tasks at a stage, they feel pride and satisfaction.
What I Can Do
As a Grade 11 student, you are most probably expected to enter the late adolescence to early adulthood stage. You will encounter different adversities, but as you go on with your life, you will become more responsible with your decisions and actions. Now, list some ways on how you have become a more responsible individual. Then, make a promise to yourself that you will do better in the coming years.
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer.
Adolescence is a stage a. of spending personal and social involvement responsibly b. when a child transitions in terms of physiology cognition to fill a new role as an emerging adult c. for adjustment to decreasing stretch and health, life review, retirement and adjustment to new social roles d. of establishing personal and economic independence, career development, selecting a mate, learning to live with someone in an intimate way, starting a family and rearing children
It is the main task of adolescents according to Erik Erikson in his Psychosocial Development Theory. a. developing a sense of self b. sharing the life of others c. understanding own physiques d. accomplishing their schoolwork
The World Health Organization defines adolescence as a. developing a sense of self b. developing personal and moral values c. adolescents trying to explore and figure out their own identity d. a period of life with specific health and development needs and rights
He conceptualized the human developmental task. a. Erik Erikson b. Sigmund Freud c. Albert Bandura d. Robert J. Havighurst
They are the most significant people who guide an adolescent in their journey during puberty. a. family b. friends c. teachers d. all of the above
It is an example of psychological challenges in adolescence. a. health issues b. school phobia c. romantic relationship d. journey of self – discovery
It is one of the most common social challenges of middle adolescent. a. Heartbreak b. cyber bullying c. discrimination d. awakening of sexual interest with opposite sex
It is characterized by the psychological crisis of identity. a. self-image b. sexual identity c. sexual concept d. self – confidence
The most common question asked by the adolescent to himself/herself. a. Who am I? b. Who are you? c. How do you cope up? d. Where are you heading off?
Self-identity pertains to a. self-centeredness b. identifying your sexuality c. person with different personality d. trying to explore and figure out their own identity
The stage of adolescence where vocational capability and financial are developed. a. Middle Childhood b. Early Adolescence c. Middle Adolescence d. Late Adolescence to Early Adulthood
The following are tasks in the stage of early adolescence EXCEPT a. Developing self-concept b. Learning to get along with peers c. Self-evaluation of their physical acceptability d. Achieving a masculine or feminine social role
This tells that an adolescent is becoming a mature individual. a. You spend your saving just to buy shoes worth five thousand pesos. b. You are very persistent to finish the vocational course where you are enrolled in. c. You answer back and bad mouth your bashers in the social media. d. You spend more time with your friends rather than your family because they are your source of happiness.
The changes in the body during puberty are caused by a. hormones b. hereditary c. social development d. environmental factors
The stage of human development when grown-ups become more independent and explore different life possibilities. a. Early Adolescence b. Middle Adolescence c. Late Adolescence d. Early Adulthood
Additional Activities
Using the chain of events, write down some of the most important episodes in your life during adolescence. Write your aspirations and what will be your actions to achieve your goals.
[chart: flowchart; Additional Activities (chain of events, unnumbered); boxes read in order: “13-15 years old” → “16-17 years old” → “18-21 years old” → “Preparing for my Adulthood” → “My actions to be a responsible adult to achieve my…” → “Goals”]
Answer Key
[transcriber’s note: this page is printed upside down; the text below is transcribed in its upright reading order]
What I Know
D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B
Assessment
D 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. D 13. D 14. B 15. A
What’s More
Situation 1
What is the problem?
Peer pressure. Friends are not good influence.
What is your responsibility?
Remind my friends the harmful effect of smoking cigarette.
What would be the solution?
Encourage my friend to stop smoking because this would lead to addiction.
Situation 2
What is the problem?
Hard to concentrate because of the presence of a guy.
What is your responsibility?
Attend the practice and give my full attention to it.
What would be the solution?
Give my full attention in the practice and pay attention to my coach’s instructions.
Situation 3
What is the problem?
Not comfortable in other’s house. Afraid to be ousted in the group.
What is your responsibility?
Help my group mates to finish the research papers.
What would be the solution?
Just try to be comfortable. Ask permission to your group mates if it is okay not to come and tell them that you will do your part at home.
Assessment 1
Behavioral Challenges
Social Challenges
Psychological Challenges
Social Challenges
Behavioral Challenges
Activity 2
What are the implications of the developmental tasks to you as a student? a. I discover my self-worth. b. I am able to understand the people around me. c. I can be able to weigh the situation before I react.
Give at least three of your significant roles in the society. a) I am a law-abiding citizen. b) I speak for what is true. c) I fight for what is right.
Make a list of your skills that would help you in preparing for yourself in adult life. d) Can speak Filipino and English fluently e) Can offer hardware servicing f) Can cook and do care giving
Explain the meaning of “Challenges help us to face the reality”. Answers may vary.
Assessment 2
Answers may vary.
Activity 3
Answers may vary.
References
Ingersoll, Gary M. Normal adolescence. Google.com, 18 May, 2020. https://ccoso.org/sites/default/files/import/Developmental-Tasks-of-Normal-Adolescence.htm.
Golombek, Harvey, Wilkes, James, Froese, Arthur. The Developmental Challenges of Adolescence. Google.com. 18 May, 2020. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-349-81464-0_2
Jensen R. “Adolescent Development”, Building Healthy Social Media Habits in Adolescence” OER Commons. 22 May 2020 https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/60877/overview
Mathangi S. “Challenges of Adolescence”. OER Commons. 22 May 2020 https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/66171/overview
Steneker A. 2019. “Adolescent &Adult Development_ A Learning Classroom Perspective”. OER Commons. 22 May 2020 https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/60877/overview
Merriam-Webster Inc. 2012. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th ed. Springfield, Mass.:
Scholarly research journal https://studylib.net/doc/18127755/havighurst-s-developmental-task-theory
Grade 5 SPJ Quarter 2 Module 3 explains what news is, its six characteristics like accuracy and balance, and 13 news elements such as proximity and oddity.
Mark Anthony Llego founded TeacherPH in October 2014 to give Filipino teachers practical resources and a place to share ideas. Thousands of teachers have used it to strengthen their teaching and supervision. His articles on education have been featured on U.S. education websites and cited by researchers.
Leave a Reply